PSYCH Chapter 2: The Biological Perspective

In which of the lobes would you find the primary visual cortex?

Occipital lobe

Which neurotransmitter stimulates muscle cells to contract but slows contractions in the heart?

Acetylcholine

The neurons of the sensory pathway contain __________________

Afferent neurons

Heroin mimmicks the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling. It is an example of an __________________

Agonist

the venom in a black widow spider acts as __________________ by mimicking the effects of Acetylcholine

Agonist

Condition of no fear is caused by damage to the ________________

Amygdala

Involuntary muscles are controlled by the _______________

Autonomic nervous system

Which part of the neuron carries messages to other cells?

Axon

Problems paying attention may be due to damage to this part of the Limbic System?

Cingulate Cortex

What part of the brain can sometimes be referred to as the "rind" or outer covering?

Cortex

In the structure of the neuron, what part receives messages from other cells?

Dendrites

Pain relief is associated with ___________________

Endorphins

Which are the functions of a glial cell?

Getting nutrients to other cells Cleaning up the remains of dead neurons Providing insulation/Myelin in the CNS

Which part of the brain is involved in the creation of memories and is often linked to Alzheimers disease?

Hippocampus

When a neuron is in the resting potential, the neuron is negatively charged on the __________________ and positively charged on the __________________

Inside;Outside

Jaimes grandfather recently suffered a stroke and has had difficulty with language production since. Most likely, what part of the brain has been damaged?

Left frontal

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann Cells generate a fatty substance called ________________

Myelin

What structure insulates and protects a neurons axon, as well as helps to speed along electrical impulses?

Myelin Sheath

When a neuron is at resting potential, the charge of the inside is _______________

Negative

What is the process whereby the structure and function of brain cells change in response to trauma, damage, or even learning?

Neuroplasticity

As you take notes, your heart beats at a normal rate. Your breathing is normal and your stomach slowly digests your earlier meal. what division of the peripheral nervous system is in action?

Parasympathetic

The ability to detect changes in temperature, pressure, and body position are part of the function of which lobe?

Parietal lobe

Which gland is known to influence all other glands within the endocrine system?

Pituitary gland

Which technique of studying the brain involves injecting the patient with radioactive glucose?

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

If you touch a hot stove, your spinal cord can prompt you to withdraw your hand without having to send the message all the way to the brain. This is called ___________________

Reflex Arc

Which brain structure allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while ignoring others?

Reticular Formation

Which part of the brain tends to process information globally?

Right hempisphere

What system would be active if you have just had a car accident?

Smpathetic division

Great relay station of the brain

Thalamus

Which brain structure relays incoming sensory information?

Thalamus

Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by a crossing a fluid filled space called

The Synaptic Gap

The cause of a fast metabolism is attributed to?

Thyroid

Able to speak fluently but often use incorrect words in a sentence.

Wernickes Aphasia

What technique analyzes blood oxygen levels to look at the functioning of the brain?

functional MRI (fMRI)