PSYCH Chapter 2: The Biological Perspective
In which of the lobes would you find the primary visual cortex?
Occipital lobe
Which neurotransmitter stimulates muscle cells to contract but slows contractions in the heart?
Acetylcholine
The neurons of the sensory pathway contain __________________
Afferent neurons
Heroin mimmicks the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling. It is an example of an __________________
Agonist
the venom in a black widow spider acts as __________________ by mimicking the effects of Acetylcholine
Agonist
Condition of no fear is caused by damage to the ________________
Amygdala
Involuntary muscles are controlled by the _______________
Autonomic nervous system
Which part of the neuron carries messages to other cells?
Axon
Problems paying attention may be due to damage to this part of the Limbic System?
Cingulate Cortex
What part of the brain can sometimes be referred to as the "rind" or outer covering?
Cortex
In the structure of the neuron, what part receives messages from other cells?
Dendrites
Pain relief is associated with ___________________
Endorphins
Which are the functions of a glial cell?
Getting nutrients to other cells Cleaning up the remains of dead neurons Providing insulation/Myelin in the CNS
Which part of the brain is involved in the creation of memories and is often linked to Alzheimers disease?
Hippocampus
When a neuron is in the resting potential, the neuron is negatively charged on the __________________ and positively charged on the __________________
Inside;Outside
Jaimes grandfather recently suffered a stroke and has had difficulty with language production since. Most likely, what part of the brain has been damaged?
Left frontal
Oligodendrocytes and Schwann Cells generate a fatty substance called ________________
Myelin
What structure insulates and protects a neurons axon, as well as helps to speed along electrical impulses?
Myelin Sheath
When a neuron is at resting potential, the charge of the inside is _______________
Negative
What is the process whereby the structure and function of brain cells change in response to trauma, damage, or even learning?
Neuroplasticity
As you take notes, your heart beats at a normal rate. Your breathing is normal and your stomach slowly digests your earlier meal. what division of the peripheral nervous system is in action?
Parasympathetic
The ability to detect changes in temperature, pressure, and body position are part of the function of which lobe?
Parietal lobe
Which gland is known to influence all other glands within the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland
Which technique of studying the brain involves injecting the patient with radioactive glucose?
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
If you touch a hot stove, your spinal cord can prompt you to withdraw your hand without having to send the message all the way to the brain. This is called ___________________
Reflex Arc
Which brain structure allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while ignoring others?
Reticular Formation
Which part of the brain tends to process information globally?
Right hempisphere
What system would be active if you have just had a car accident?
Smpathetic division
Great relay station of the brain
Thalamus
Which brain structure relays incoming sensory information?
Thalamus
Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by a crossing a fluid filled space called
The Synaptic Gap
The cause of a fast metabolism is attributed to?
Thyroid
Able to speak fluently but often use incorrect words in a sentence.
Wernickes Aphasia
What technique analyzes blood oxygen levels to look at the functioning of the brain?
functional MRI (fMRI)