Psych Chapter 5 Quiz Questions

Alex has learned that if his mom is upset and he praises her, she will cook him a great meal. However, if he praises his mom when she is in a good mood, she responds by saying, "Are you trying to butter me up?" and doesn't cook at all. In this example, Alex's mom's mood is a ____.​

Discriminative conditioned stimulus

While at the grocery store, Jeremy begins to throw a fit because he wants a candy bar. His mom gives him the candy bar so that he will stop screaming. Jeremy's mom has experienced ____ conditioning.​

Escape

Ignoring the attention-getting behavior of hyperactive children can be a helpful tool to classroom teachers because often, the frequency of the misbehavior will decrease and even stop. What operant conditioning process does this technique most utilize?​

Extinction

Which statement is true of taste-aversion conditioning?​

It appears to have an adaptive value

Cindy has taken the bus to and from school for the past three weeks. Today, however, she misses the bus and has to walk. Cindy has never had to walk to school before, but she makes it to school without a single wrong turn. This demonstrates ____.​

Lateral Leaning

Jerome tries to please his parents by always being good, but whenever Jerome's older brother, Tom, misbehave, their parents punish both Tom and Jerome. Jerome soon stops trying to please his parents because he doesn't think it will make any difference. This change in Jerome's behavior is an example of ____.​

Learned helplessness

The association between media violence, including violence on television and aggressive behavior, is often attributed to ____ learning.​

Observational

Pookie, the dog, quickly learns that when she scratches at the door, her owner will allow her to go outside to play. This is an example of ____ conditioning.​

Operant

Tsvi, a three-month-old baby, stops crying when he hears his parents' OK Computer CD. Now, whenever he begins to cry, his parents play OK Computer. Tsvi's parents' behavior of playing the CD is the result of ____.​

Operant conditioning

​Although punishment has several drawbacks, it is most effective when ____.

The punisher identifies more appropriate behavior

To learn to look both ways before crossing the street, children merely need to hear about the consequences of getting hit by a car (instead of having to experience it themselves). This is an example of ____.​

Vicarious conditioning

Just before being attacked by a mugger while jogging, David had been listening to a saxophone player, watching a mime artist, and smelling the newly mown grass. According to your text, which of these stimuli is most likely to become a conditioned stimulus for fear?​

any one, depending on where David's attention was focused

Any response made to a specific stimulus, if followed by a reward, will be more likely to occur again in the presence of the same stimulus. According to your text, this is the law of ____.​

effect

Shamir reflexively kicks his leg when the doctor taps him on the knee. Then, the doctor begins saying the word "Help" and then tapping Shamir on the knee. After forty-five trials of first saying "Help," followed immediately by tapping the knee, on the forty-sixth trial, Shamir kicks his leg after hearing the word "Help." In this example, the word "Help" is the ____, and Shamir kicking his leg in response to the word "Help" is the ____.​

Conditioned stimulus; conditioned response

​​Whenever Lisa's aunts visit, they kiss her on the cheek. Lisa hates this and eventually learns that they will not kiss her if she is coughing. Now whenever her aunts enter her home, she pretends to cough. This is an example of ____.

Avoidance conditioning

Art has doting parents who praise him every time he sits down and studies. Ben has parents who praise him every now and then when he studies. A learning theorist would predict that if both sets of parents stopped giving encouragement for studying, ____ would continue studying longer because behaviors rewarded on a ____ schedule persist longer.

Ben; partial

What kind of reinforcer is money?​

Secondary

Carolyn knows a couple of tall people who happen to also be arrogant. Because of this, she tends to act negatively toward anyone who she sees as being tall. Carolyn's behavior is the result of ____.​

Stimulus generalization

Which action is an example of negative reinforcement?​

learning to take aspirin for headaches

Fed up with his son not cleaning around the house, Jack buys a book called Shape Up, which instructs the reader to implement the operant conditioning technique of shaping. According to the book, Jack will want to ____.​

reinforce successive approximations of the desired response