Psych of Adolescence Final
Which of the following is a common finding of recent cyberbullying studies?
Adolescents who engage in traditional bullying often also engage in cyberbullying
Which of the following statements about adolescent mood swings is true?
Adolescents' moods fluctuate during the course of the day more than the moods of adults do
Not only are schools the chief educational arena for adolescents, but they also play an extremely important role in:
All of these are correct
What makes adolescents attractive targets for a variety of businesses?
All of these are correct
Between middle and late adolescence, individuals become:
All of these are correct.
Tim and Carol are upset because they recently discovered that their 13-year-old daughter has already engaged in sexual intercourse. What other types of problems is their daughter likely to have?
All of these are correct.
Which of the following adolescent problems is likely to be resolved by adulthood?
All of these are correct.
What do the most recent models of the psychological process of achievement during adolescence illustrate?
All of these are true
Which of the following was not an effect of No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
All of these are unintended consequences of NCLB
Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors?
All of these individuals are likely to engage in risky behaviors.
Although it is difficult to separate "selection" and "socialization" effects, individuals who are securely attached in infancy are likely to:
All of these statements are true.
Why is it hard to know whether exposure to messages about drinking and smoking actually change adolescents' behaviors?
All of these statements are true.
Which of the following is not a way that adolescents' behavior is affected by their crowd membership?
All of these statements are ways that adolescents' behavior is affected by their crowd membership.
Which of the following examples best represents a typical relationship between an adolescent and his or her mother and father?
Although Noelia fights often with her mother, she confides in her when she has issues with her friends. She is not as close to her father and mostly talks to him about her soccer team.
Which of the following is not one of the popular stereotypes of contemporary adolescents?
Although not supported by research, all of the above are popular stereotypes of contemporary adolescents.
There is strong pressure on girls to be thin in which parts of the world?
America, Europe, and Asia
Which of the following statements about family conflict is true?
Among teenagers and parents who report having problems, the great majority had problematic relationships during childhood.
_______ is an example of an internalizing disorder; ________ is an example of an externalizing disorder.
Anxiety; delinquency
Which of the following statements is true?
As class size increases, academic achievement decreases
Which of the following statements is true?
As school size increases, academic achievement decreases
Ann, a 17-year-old, is still a virgin. If you had to guess, what race/ethnicity is Ann likely to be?
Asian American
Tamaris father has absolute standards and expects Tamari to conform to them without exception. If she disobeys, he generally punishes her, and he sees no reason why he should explain his rules to Tamari. Instead, his response is, "I'm the father and I love you. I know what's best for you." Her father is best described as having what kind of parenting style?
Authoritarian
Which statement about autonomy in adolescence is false?
Autonomy is closely related to adolescent rebellion
Members of which of the following racial groups are most likely to become sexually experienced at earlier ages?
Black adolescents
According to the textbook, because _________ girls do not feel as ________ about their appearances as girls of other racial backgrounds, these individuals typically have _________ overall self-esteem.
Black; negatively; higher
During the lecture on Sexuality, the class was all:
Bored nearly to tears. (this is the only choice).
Which of the following statements about the personal fable is true?
Both adolescents and adults are susceptible to the personal fable
Which of the following individuals would be considered to be in an identity moratorium state?
Brandon, who is in the midst of a period of exploration
Based on research addressing ethnic differences in the timing and rate of pubertal maturation, which American girl would be expected to mature earliest?
Brandy, a middle-income Black adolescent
Based on the research addressing ethnic differences in the timing and rate of pubertal maturation, which American girl would be expected mature earliest?
Brandy, a middle-income Black adolescent
As discussed in the textbook, during the 1950's, how did the United States respond when politicians felt the United States had lost its scientific edge to the former Soviet Union?
Increased emphasis was placed on math and science education
Which of the following statements concerning sexual-minority (LGBT) youth is false?
The progression through the phases of dating and romance is as similar for them as for heterosexual adolescents.
Which of the following statements concerning sibling relationships is true?
The quality of sibling relationships affects adolescents peer relationships
The textbook lists all of the following as reasons why sexuality in adolescence is a particularly important period during the life cycle, except:
adolescence is the time when erotic feelings first emerge.
Which of the following behaviors is characteristic of increased emotional autonomy among adolescents?
adolescents are able to see their parents as people
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an adolescent's growing emotional autonomy?
adolescents become more likely to believe that their life would have been better if they had their friends' parents
Studies have shown that prepubertal girls who expect menstruation to be uncomfortable report
more severe menstrual symptoms than their peers
Today, _____ of high school graduates enroll in college immediately after graduation.
more than two-thirds
Which of the following was a result of industrialization?
more time spent in school
Which of the following was a result of industrialization?
more time to spend in school
Which of the following is not a benefit that small schools offer?
more varied instruction
In comparison with teenagers in previous times, teenagers in contemporary societies spend _________ time with their peers ________ with their parents.
more; than
In general, which of the following relationships tends to be the closest?
mother-daughter relationship
What substance insulates brain circuits and greatly increases the speed of mental processing?
myelin
One aspect of brain maturation that is associated with increases in the speed of neural impulses and improvements in information transmission is
myelination.
Edith, the adolescent daughter of the local district attorney, has recently been hanging out with a rowdy group of youth who have vandalized a number of public buildings. Edith has most likely adopted a:
negative identity.
The brain functions by transmitting electrical signals across circuits that are composed of interconnected nerve cells called
neurons
The text suggests that ________ are a good explanation of adolescent egocentrism.
new metacognitive abilities
Jim and Savannah are the parents of two preteen girls. Throughout the girls childhood, the family has enjoyed fairly harmonious relationships. The likelihood that they will experience serious problems as the girls go through adolescence is
not likely
Debbie is moving from elementary school into middle school. We would expect her to experience declines in all of the following, except her:
standardized test scores
Cliff is 16 years old, is truant from school, drinks alcohol regularly, and has run away from home. Legally speaking, Cliff is a(n):
status offender
Valerie, a 15-year-old, faced punishment for dropping out of school and leaving home without permission. "They don't punish 20-year-olds for doing what I did," she says. Which of these terms accurately describes Valerie's situation?
status offenses
Amy, a 16-year-old girl, is shy around boys though she would really like to be more outgoing. This reflects:
the discrepancy between her ideal and actual selves
Close to of children in the United States grow up either in abject poverty or in low-income families.
40%
The average American adolescent sends ________ text messages a day.
51-100
American high school students spend fewer than _______ hours per week on homework, whereas Japanese, Taiwanese, and Indian high school students average closer to _______.
5; 5 hours per day
Alcohol and drugs are present in about ________% of prime time network programs, movies, and music videos.
75
Children's friendships are based on _____, whereas adolescents' friendships are based on _____.
activities; intimacy
The close, significant emotional bond between parent and infant is called:
attachment.
Dechas teacher is concerned about him because he is passive and indifferent to new experiences and shows little intellectual curiosity. He also shows signs of developing low self-esteem. Based on Baumrinds classification of parenting styles, Dechas parents are most likely
authoritarian
Ms. Willingham sets high standards for her students but is very responsive to their needs. What type of teaching style is this characteristic of?
authoritative
What kind of family environment most closely resembles the optimal classroom environment?
authoritative
Which of the following parenting styles is associated with adolescents' development of mastery motivation and academic achievement?
authoritative
Which of the following parenting styles is most closely associated with overall psychological competence?
authoritative
Which type of parenting is linked to school success during adolescence?
authoritative
Yusuf's parents set rules for him, but he feels that when a rule seems unfair, he can discuss it with his parents and even if they don't agree to change the rule, they at least listen to his opinions. Yusuf's parents fit best into which of the following parenting styles?
authoritative
When Ken is alone, he fantasizes about supermodels and masturbates. This type of behavior is called:
autoerotic
The psychosocial domain concerning the development and expression of independence is called:
autonomy
Which statement about autonomy in adolescence is false?
autonomy is closely related to adolescent rebellion
Cara hates that her mother always asks her where she is going and who she is hanging out with. Cara's attempts to keep secrets are her attempt to establish:
autonomy.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an adolescent's growing emotional autonomy?
Adolescents become more likely to believe that their life would have been better if they had their friends' parents.
Which of the following girls will experience the greatest menstrual discomfort?
Loryn, who has a negative attitude toward menarche
HYPOTHETICALLY, If Berry's daughter engaged in sexual activity early, and had more sex than the average adolescent, likely contributors would be all but which of these choices:
Professor Berry was promiscuous.
Professor Stein wants to test the stereotype threat effect. What is the most likely scenario if this effect does, in fact, occur?
Professor Stein tells participants in the experimental group that members of their ethnic group perform poorly on the type of task that he is asking them to perform, and these participants perform more poorly than participants in the control group.
Which aspect of the school climate is the least important in influencing psychosocial development during adolescence?
class size
Sarah was placed in an advanced track at school. Which of the following is Sarah not likely to experience?
classroom activities that emphasize rote memorization
Research on the structure of cliques during high school has suggested that adolescents can fall into any of the following categories, except:
clique avoiders
Andrea, a 15-year-old, is most likely to learn social skills in a ________ and develop her sense of identity in a ________.
clique; crowd
Healthy individuation and positive mental health are fostered by __________ family relationships.
close
During the lecture on Work, Leisure, and the Media, Berry read a segment of the book about U.S Senate committee concerns about a type of media. The reading was about which type of media?
comic books
Christi suffers from depression. She also gets in fights at school to express her anger and sadness. Christi's problems fall into which category?
comorbid disorders
When two problems occur together, such as substance abuse and depression, it is referred to as:
comorbidity.
When asked what a guilty person should do when being interrogated by police, younger adolescents are more likely than older adolescents to say that the person :
confess.
Which dimension of the Five-Factor Model measures how organized someone is?
conscientiousness
Societies in which hunting, fishing, and farming are the primary work activities tend to exhibit a more ________ transition between adolescence and adulthood.
continuous
Societies in which hunting, fishing, and farming are the primary work activities tend to exhibit a more ___________ transition between adolescence and adulthood
continuous
Dr. Ramirez believes that the passage into adulthood is a gradual process in which the adolescent assumes the roles and status of adulthood bit by bit. Dr. Ramirez is a believer in
continuous transition
A person who obeys the rules because of a sense of social obligation to behave in certain ways is functioning at which level of moral development
conventional
A person who obeys the rules because of a sense of social obligation to behave in certain ways is functioning at which level of moral development?
conventional
The first sign of puberty in girls is generally
growth of breasts.
According to Kinney's research, youngsters who were "nerds" in middle school:
had opportunities to shift status in high school
Eduardo was caught binge drinking on Saturday night. This means that he:
has had more than five alcoholic drinks in a row.
In America, early-maturing girls are more likely than their late-maturing peers to
have a negative self-image.
The textbook suggests all of the following for parents who leave their children in self-care, except:
have friends come over for study sessions
Generalizing from the textbook, if Nicky's parents want to slow down her sexual involvement, which of her parents should talk to her about sex?
her mother
Research assessing adolescent work experiences found:
high rates of misconduct on the job among adolescent workers (stealing from employers, lying about the number of hours worked)
Self-esteem is _______ among students who are identified with peer groups that have relatively high status in their school.
higher
In the class discussion of intimacy and how males and females handle conflict differently. Berry gave an example of an argument with
his daughter's first boyfriend
Dorion is a jock. Consequently, we would expect him to be involved in:
his peer culture and in institutions valued by adults
Even though it was clear that another student, Raul, accidentally pushed Noah, he insisted that Raul did it on purpose. What phenomenon is this?
hostile attributional bias
While Alan is waiting in line for tickets to the show, the man behind him bumps into him. Even though the man apologizes, Alan becomes extremely upset and pushes him back. Alan is probably suffering from:
hostile attributional bias
Dan planned a party and invited his whole English class by passing out personal invitations. Dan accidentally forgot to make an invitation for Sam. Sam assumed he intentionally wasn't invited and became irate at Dan for excluding him. This is an example of:
hostile attributional bias.
The tendency to interpret ambiguous interactions with others as deliberately antagonistic is called:
hostile attributional bias.
What family factor appears to predict adolescent sexual involvement, especially among girls?
household composition
Marcus is a teenager who generally respects his parents. On which of the following issues, however, is Marcus most likely to side with his friends and against his parents?
how to wear his hair
Which term below refers to the ability to suspend beliefs about something in order to argue in the abstract?
hypothetical thinking
Joey enjoys playing the devil's advocate and is always stirring up discussions with his contrary positions. This ability is one aspect of
hypothetical thinking.
Studies of ethnic identity development have shown that, relative to ethnic minorities, Whites are more likely to:
identify themselves as "American" rather than a specific heritage label
Identity that is incoherent, disjointed, and characterized by an incomplete sense of self is called:
identity diffusion
Jessica is 15 years old and spends most of her energy wondering who she is and what kind of person she will become. Erikson would describe her as facing the crisis called
identity versus identity diffusion
According to Erikson, the major crisis of adolescence is called:
identity versus identity diffusion.
Research suggests that creating "schools within schools" in larger high schools is associated with all except which of the following?
improving students' mental and physical health outcomes
Research suggests that with regard to the link between adolescents' relationships with their peers and their families:
improving the quality of relationships at home can help adolescents improve their peer relationships.
According to the age-crime curve, when does offending peak?
in adolescence
According to a survey conducted in the early 2000s, how do adolescents spend most of their leisure time?
in passive activities
Adolescents are most likely to behave ________ in romantic situations and with a classmate, and they are least likely to engage in _______ behavior with close friends.
inauthentically: false-self
Adolescents are most likely to behave ________ in romantic situations and with a classmate, and they are least likely to engage in ________ behavior with close friends.
inauthentically; false-self
For adolescent boys, which of the following is the most important factor in determining the onset of sexual intercourse?
increased levels of androgens
Whereas ________ refers to individuals' capacity to behave on their own, ________ has emotional and cognitive as well as behavioral components
independence; autonomy
Whereas _________ refers to individuals' capacity to behave on their own, ___________ has emotional and cognitive as well as behavioral components.
independence; autonomy
Viktor feels like his parents do not care about him because they allow him to set his own rules and they seldom provide much support. He even wishes they would punish him because that would at least indicate they are paying attention to him. Viktor's parents would be described best as fitting into which of Baumrind's parenting styles?
indifferent
In contrast to the psychoanalytic perspective, many researchers today assert that a late adolescent who is gradually and progressively sharpening his/her sense of self as autonomous, competent, and separate from one's parents is developing a sense of:
individuation.
Emotional autonomy develops best when parents encourage _______ and ________.
individuation; emotional closeness
Lupe's parents express love toward her and want her to be happy. They let her, for the most part, establish her own schedule. Lupe eats when she's hungry, has full run of the house, goes out when she pleases, and sleeps when she's tired. This parenting style is best described as
indulgent
A Bas Mitzvah, religious confirmation in a church, and a quinceañera are all examples of
initiation ceremonies.
Adolescents who use aggression deliberately, known as _________, are much more popular than adolescents who use aggression without planning to, known as _________.
instrumental aggression; reactive aggression
Changes in the structure of secondary schools have been linked to broader societal revolutions. All of the following have contributed to these changes, except:
intellectualization
According to Sullivan, development can be best understood by examining transformations in:
interpersonal needs
Sullivan emphasized the social aspects of growth, suggesting that psychological development can be best understood when looked at in:
interpersonal terms
Sullivan believed the crisis of adolescence is ________ Erikson believed it is ________.
intimacy; identity
mastery motivation is most similar to:
intrinsic motivation
Mastery motivation is most similar to:
intrinsic motivation.
Osman is junior high student anticipating puberty. He wants to know when puberty will start and how long it will take until he looks like and is considered an adult. His health teacher tells him that the timing and rate of puberty
is highly variable and influenced by both genetic and environmental factors
A(an) __________ is an individual that has few or no links to others in the social network and a(n)_______ is an individual who interacts with two or more adolescents who are members of cliques, but who themselves are not part of a clique.
isolate; liaison
Jim and his mom are in an argument because his mom found out that Jim has smoked marijuana. Jim's defense is, "Half the senior class is doing it!" How accurate is Jim's statement?
it is almost accurate - about 44% of all high school seniors have tried marijuana.
Studies comparing the consequences of drug exposure during adolescence and adulthood have found all of the following except:
juveniles don't feel the positive effects of alcohol as profoundly as adults do.
Janelle is told that, no matter how hard she tries, she will likely not pass the exam. AS a result, she believes that failure is inevitable and stops "wasting" her time studying. What has Janelle developed?
learned helplessness
Paul won't even try to learn how to swim because when he has tried before, he has not done very well and he is now convinced that no matter what he does, he will never learn to swim. Paul's situation is an example of:
learned helplessness
Shawn is told by his teacher that the task he is working on is too difficult for him. Therefore, Shawn believes that failure is inevitable. He is likely to develop:
learned helplessness.
The belief or expectation that one cannot control the forces in one's environment is called:
learned helplessness.
Ivan, who believes that intelligence is a malleable trait, is enrolled in several advanced placement classes. Mastering the subject material is more important to him than getting good grades. Ivan probably emphasizes:
learning goals
Lisa earns approximately $300 a month from her part-time job. She is most likely to spend the money on:
leisure activities
Compared to 100 years ago, the adolescent period has been ________ and the transition into adulthood __________.
lengthened; prolonged
In 2016, which of the following living arrangements was most common for Americans between the ages of 18 and 34?
living in parent(s) home
The ability to remember something from several years ago is called
long-term memory.
Dr. Davis is interested in how puberty affects adjustment. He studies a group of 100 junior high school students over the course of three years. He is conducting what kind of study?
longitudinal
What does the Five-Factor Model describe?
personality dimensions
Hostile attributional bias:
plays a central role in the aggressive behavior of rejected adolescents.
According to Sullivan, the need for intimacy starts to develop during:
preadolescence
According to Sullivan, where does the capacity for intimacy first develop?
preadolescent, same-sex relationships
According to Kohlberg, reasoning that is based on rewards and punishments is called:
preconventional
The term "______ syndrome" refers to covariation among various types of externalizing disorders that results from an underlying trait of unconventionality found in the adolescent's personality and social environment.
problem bahvior
The term "______ syndrome" refers to covariation among various types of externalizing disorders that results from an underlying trait of unconventionality found in the adolescent's personality and social environment.
problem behavior
Researchers have found that scoring higher on measures of prosocial moral reasoning correlates positively with:
prosocial behavior and is related to being more sympathetic and empathetic
Which of the following parenting behaviors encourages healthy adolescent development and behavior?
providing a family environment that is characterized by close family relationships
Some critics of the No Child Left Behind act argued that it was having the unintended consequence of:
providing incentives for schools to push low-achieving students out of school.
According to Erikson, a necessary "time-out" for adolescents is called:
psychosocial moratorium
The physical transformation from child to adult is called
puberty
All of the following are reasons stated in the textbook to explain why adolescent autonomy has attracted the attention of developmental psychologists, excpet:
puberty sets up a situation of the adolescent's increasing emotional dependence on the family
Today, most people go through ________ earlier than they did 100 years ago, but they tend to stay in ________ longer.
puberty; school
What would be a situation where a secondary control strategy would be least effective?
realizing that you have a final exam on Friday
Early sexuality for males is tinged with elements of ______ whereas for females it is more linked to feelings of _______.
recreation; intimacy
Dating among adolescents today is largely a:
recreational activity.
The practice of moving students from one grade to the next regardless of their academic performance is known as what?
social promotion
Research about contemporary adolescents is clear that these adolescents _________ than adolescents in previous times.
spend more time in peer groups
Annie is an adolescent enrolled in Mr. Love's science class. Annie will most likely do best in class when Mr. Love:
spends a high proportion of time teaching lessons.
Legal decisions have tended to support adolescent autonomy when the behavior at issue is
viewed as having potential benefit
An adolescent living in a poor neighborhood may benefit more from __________ than adolescents from other neighborhoods.
vigilant parental monitoring
According to the textbook, which of the following might make individuals especially vulnerable to the effects of stress?
volatile self-image
When is delinquency most common?
weekday afternoons
in the 19th century, what distinguished children from adults?
whether they owned property
Overall, which group of adolescents feels least positive about themselves?
white females
Sex play that is innocuous during childhood is no longer innocuous during adolescence because:
with puberty, pregnancy becomes a serious possibility.
The ability to remember something for a brief period of time is identified as
working memory
Which of the following behaviors is characteristic of increased emotional autonomy among adolescents?
Adolescents are able to see their parents as people.
An adolescent of average intelligence would most likely have an IQ score of
100
At which of the following ages would you expect susceptibility to peer pressure, especially for delinquent behaviors, to be the greatest?
14 years
Which of the following statements about self-conception is most likely to be made by a child rather than by an adolescent?
"I am a girl: I have two brothers: I like to read."
Which of the following statements about self-conception is most likely to be made by a child rather than by an adolescent?
"I am a girl; I have two brothers; I like to read."
Compared to jocks, adolescents from which of the following crowds experience more peer pressure to misbehave?
"druggies"
Which of the following statements about boy's first sexual experience is false?
A boy's first sexual partner is likely to be someone he's in love with
Can society assume a 15-year old is more competent than a mentally ill adult who has been found not competent to stand trial? What about a 13-year old?
A significant number of 13- and 15-year-olds are likely to be as impaired in their abilities to stand trial as mentally ill adults who are incompetent to stand trial.
Adam is known for scoring high on moral disengagement assessments. Which of the following is probably true?
Adam is likely to engage in delinquency and aggression
Which of the following is one of the 10 Basic Principles of Good Parenting?
Adapt your parenting to fit your child
During the class discussion of the chapters social changes, Berry asked several students what their subjective age vs actual age was. The class:
Basically contradicted the research findings
Which of the following statements about minority families and parenting styles is true?
Because ethnic minorities are more likely to live in dangerous areas, parental control may actually be beneficial for these adolescents.
Who is at the greatest risk of developing body dissatisfaction?
Callie, an early-maturing White girl, who compares herself to her friends.
Which of the following is a reason that "identity development" is an adolescent issue?
Changes take place during adolescence that cause young people to change how they view and feel about themselves.
Who of the following is probably a child (and not an adolescent)?
Christine, who tends to think about things one aspect at a time
Chuck is a member of a higher status crowd at his school. According to the textbook, which of the following statements is true?
Chuck likely has high self-esteem.
Which adolescent would be expected to have the most positive academic self-concept
Claudia Jean, a gifted student who is integrated into the regular classroom
Which statement about conformity to peers is most true?
Conformity is higher during early and middle adolescence than later adolescence, especially when the behavior in question is antisocial.
_________ is the peak month for adolescents in a serious relationship to have their first intercourse.
December
Which of the following statements regarding social roles and achievement is not true?
During adolescence, most individuals solidify career choices.
Which of these is an important way in which male circumcision and female circumcision differ?
Female circumcision causes extreme physical and psychological damage.
The proportion of American high school students holding part-time jobs has decreased over the past two decades. Which of the following is not an explanation for this?
Fewer and fewer individuals sought college admission.
What is the immigrant paradox?
Foreign-born and first-generation ethnic minority youth perform better in school and are less likely to be involved in delinquent behavior or have physical, emotional, and behavioral problems than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose parents were born in America.
Which of the following individuals would be considered to be in an identity achieved state?
Francis, who has established a coherent sense of identity: she has made identity commitments after a period of exploration
Which of the following individuals would be considered to be in an identity achieved state?
Francis, who has established a coherent sense of identity; she has made identity commitments after a period of exploration
Who of the following is probably an adolescent (and not a child)?
Frank, who appraises his reading comprehension before starting the next chapter
Which of the following is not one of the personality dimensions of the Five-Factor Model?
Gender Intensification
According to research presented in the textbook, who is more likely to be sexually active: Ingrid, who lives in a single-parent home, or Leanne, who lives in a two-parent home?
Ingrid
Which of the following is the most likely scenario for adolescent sexual activity?
It takes place in the boy's home on a weekday after school.
Jesse is a physically immature 14-year-old who goes to school where it is expected that 14-year-olds date. Hillary is a physically mature 14-year-old who goes to school where it is expected that students delay dating until age 16. Which adolescent is more likely to date?
Jesse
Which of the following individuals is most likely to be a child (and not an adolescent)?
Jesse, who finds it hard to believe that other people may have beliefs and intentions that differ from his own
Peter's parents caught him drinking alcohol with a couple of his friends and now they're worried.. They think his alcohol use might turn into a long-term problem. Which of the following best illustrates the nature of adolescent drug use?
Many adolescents experiment with alcohol in high school without growing into adult alcoholics.
You describe what you have learned in psychology class to a relative who is in her 50's. She says, "There is no way that a 22-year-old should feel like an adolescent. That is nonsense." Based on what you have read in this chapter, which of these points would it make sense for you to bring up to refute her statement?
Many people in their early 20's have had to delay their transition into adult work and family roles because they need more schooling to succeed.
Greg suffers from depression. His friend, Matthew, also suffers from depression as well as conduct disorder. Which boy probably had worse family experiences?
Matthew
The average girl in the United States reaches _________, the time of her first menstrual period, sometime between the ages of 12 and 14.
Menarche
Alejandra, a Hispanic adolescent, is best friends with Mina, a foreign-born Hispanic adolescent. Which statement is most likely true about their drug use?
Mina will use fewer drugs than Alejandra.
Renee, a 6-year-old, is unable to answer the question, "How are a motorcycle and a bicycle alike?" Mohammed, a 17-year-old, answers the same question by saying. "They are both types of transportation." Which statement about Renee and Mohammed is most accurate?
Mohammed has demonstrated the ability to think abstractly
Since 1991, a survey assessing eighth-graders, tenth-graders, and high school seniors' use and abuse of a variety of drugs has been distributed to a nationwide sample every year. The name of this survey is:
Monitoring the Future.
Research has established that circumcision is associated with
Negative outcomes for females but not for males
President George W. Bush's 2002 mandate that all children, regardless of economic circumstance, achieve academic proficiency is called the:
No Child Left Behind Act.
In general, is "Americanization" a positive and desirable experience for immigrant adolescents?
No, Americanization appears to be associated with worse, not better, outcomes.
Jeannette, a 17-year-old, has decided to engage in sexual intercourse with her boyfriend. Tammy, also 17, has decided to abstain from sex until she is older. Which adolescent is more likely to experience psychological disturbances?
Normative sexual activity during late adolescence is not associated with psychological disturbance
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) was a policy designed to ensure that all students, regardless of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic background, receive a high-quality public education. Which of the following statements is false?
One of the most important factors of NCLB is that students learn how to engage in critical thinking.
Which of the following statements about friendship stability is true?
Only half of all reciprocated best friendships that exist at the beginning of the school year exist at the end
____________ involvement has been found to enhance the adjustment of low-income students in their transition to middle school
Parental
Which adolescent male would be expected to have the highest self-esteem?
Paul, who is extremely masculine
Which of the following adolescents is more likely to move toward intercourse at an earlier age without as many intervening steps?
Richard, a Black adolescent
In the class discussion of risk taking behavior, risks taking included all but which of the following?
Robbing a liquor store mostly to get beer money.
________ strategies are more effective in situations that are clearly uncontrollable; _________ strategies generally result in better adjustment, less depression, and fewer behavior problems.
Secondary; primary
Who is more likely to hold a part-time job during high school?
Selena, an American adolescent
According to the textbook, which of the following is not true in classrooms in which teachers are very performance-oriented?
Students are likely to actually learn the material
Which of the following statements about being a student in a larger school is false?
Students in larger schools are more likely to experience student victimization.
Which theorist adopted the most important theoretical perspective of development?
Sullivan
Javier spends a great deal of time talking about relationships, politics, philosophy, religion, and morality with his friends, demonstrating his ability to think
abstractly
What is a scientifically valid concern regarding adolescents' media use?
The amount of time adolescents spend watching TV and playing video games is inversely linked to the amount of time they spend in physical activity, which can have detrimental effects in adolescents' physical health.
How does the average age of first intercourse vary by geographical region?
The average age of first intercourse varies considerably around the world
Which of the following conditions is most likely to produce the most favorable and easiest adjustment to menarche?
The girl knows the facts about the physical changes her body will undergo.
What is the best way to conceptualize adolescents' free time?
There appear to be adolescents who have substantial time commitments across many activities, adolescents who focus on one type of activity, and adolescents who do not participate in any activities
Which of the following statements about comorbidity is not true?
There is hardly any comorbidity among different psychosocial problems during adolescence within or across the broad categories (i.e., internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, substance abuse).
In the discussion of biological changes, Berry became concerned because:
There was a lot of focus on family pheromones.
In the class discussion of Kolberg's Moral Reasoning. (Autonomy chapter) Berry said it is sometimes difficult to discern the highest stage, Post-Conventional Moral Reasoning. It was best demonstrated by:
Those that favored the abolition of slavery when it was culturally accepted.
Which of the following is not a common message that the media conveys about sex?
Unprotected sex can have serious consequences.
Until recently, what aspect of teenage sexuality did social scientists focus on?
Until fairly recently, researchers only focused on the problematic aspects of adolescent sexuality (precocious sex, promiscuous sex, unsafe sex, etc.).
In America today, what percentage of individuals between the ages of 14 and 17 are in school?
Virtually all individuals in this age group are in school
When are adolescents usually in the "worst" mood?
When they are alone
Which of the following statements is not supported by research with regard to adolescent employment?
Working builds character, teaches adolescents about the "real world" and helps them prepare for adult responsibilities.
I can't wait to work with the adolescent population, or, if I'm not gonna be a therapist, to have adolescents of my own.
Yes Sir! (this is the only choice).
Corrina is concerned because she learned that her 13-year-old son, Henry, and her 17-year-old son, Hector, were caught drinking. Are either of these teenagers likely to become addicted to alcohol?
Yes, Henry is likely to be addicted to alcohol as an adult.
After taking this class, I'm glad I'm not an adolescent anymore.
Yup (there is no other choice).
studies show that adolescent mood swings are most closely related to changes in
activities
Which adolescent would be predicted to have the closest relationship with a maternal grandfather?
a boy whose body is just starting to undergo the physical changes of puberty and is living with his divorced mother.
Steve eats lunch with Jeff, Hans, and Mike every day. After school, they play computer games and talk about girls. This group of boys is called:
a clique
A small, tightly knit group of between two and twelve friends usually of the same age and sex is called
a clique.
A group of individuals who are born during a particular time period (e.g., the baby boomers) is known as what?
a cohort
A groups of peers who are approximately the same age is known as
a cohort.
According to social control theory, delinquency is caused by:
a lack of bonds to the family, the school, or the workplace.
Dave knows that kids who drink and drive sometimes get killed, but he believes that he is somehow immune to having such a terrible thing happen to him. Dave's belief is an example of:
a personal fable
A group against which an individual compares himself or herself is called:
a reference group
As used in the study of adolescence, the term intimacy refers to an emotional attachment between two people that is characterized by all of the following, except:
a sexual and/or physical relationship.
Which of the following was an outcome of the Industrial Revolution?
a social movement to keep adolescents out of the workplace
The most worrisome alcohol-related issue presented in the textbook is that:
about 20% of high school seniors have had more than five drinks at one time and about 14% of high school seniors report having driven a car after drinking at least once in the past month.
An analysis of "virginity pledges" that encourage adolescents to promise to abstain from premarital sex has found that:
about 82% of adolescents who take a virginity pledge will deny having done so five years later
Piaget theorists believe that the use of __________ is the chief feature of adolescent thinking that differentiates it from the type of thinking employed by children.
abstract logical reasoning
One study that used brain-imaging techniques to investigate adolescents' neural responses to rejection while playing an online game called "Cyberball" found that:
adolescents high in rejection sensitivity show a different pattern of brain activity in response to exclusion and are more likely to develop symptoms of depression.
One explanation for the risk-taking peak that scientists have observed in adolescence is that
adolescents tend to be higher in sensation seeking and impulsivity than children and adults are
Bickering and squabbling between teenagers and their parents is largely caused by
adolescents' ability to formulate counterarguments
Adolescent peer groups fall along two dimensions:
adult orientation; peer orientation
The process of grouping individuals within social institutions on the basis of chronological age is called:
age grading.
The main reason that reactive aggréssion is associated with unpopularity and greater problems with peers is that reactive aggression is characterized by a combination of:
aggression and poor emotion regulation or lack of social skills.
Which substance is most commonly used and abused by adolescents?
alcohol
An adolescent may have an intimate relationship with:
all of these are correct
The power of the adolescent as a consumer has increased as a result of:
all of these are correct
Who is at the greatest risk of developing psychological problems as a result of peer rejection?
an aggressive-withdrawn child
Teenagers may become extremely self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. Which characteristic are they exhibiting?
an imaginary audience
Adolescents persistent arguments over rules are most like a result of
an increase in relativism
Dara suffers from depression. What type of disorder does depression reflect?
an internalizing disorder
Boys' initial interest in sex is motivated by ________ hormones, whereas girls' initial interest in sex is motivated by _______.
androgen; androgens and estrogen
An infant who is indifferent to his/her caregiver would have what type of attachment?
anxious-avoidant
Before the Industrial Revolution, the term child referred to
anyone under age 18 or 21
Research on the nature of parent-adolescent relationships reveals that most adolescents
appear to maintain close, respectful, and loving relationships with parents.
It is important to keep in mind that an individual's relationships with parents, siblings, peers, and romantic partners:
are correlated
In contrast to crowds, cliques:
are settings for adolescents' intimate interactions.
What is the best way to conceptualize adolescent sexual development?
as gradual stages of increasing intimacy
Following the end of World War II, many parents wanted to have children as soon as possible, creating what has come to be called the postwar:
baby boom
Ryan did a survey at his middle school of the most common after-school jobs for the eighth-grade class. What are his results likely to say?
baby-sitting and lawn work
What kind of job is an eighth grader most likely to have?
baby-sitting or childcare
During the discussion of the chapters social changes, Berry asked several students what their subjective age versus actual age was. The class:
basically contradicted the research findings
As discussed in the textbook, adolescents who work more than 20 hours weekly are more likely than their peers to:
be absent from school.
Taneka, an early maturing Black girl who is not yet dating, is more likely to ________ than her friends who are romantically involved.
be depressed
Suzanne and Carlos are the first members of their class to begin the pubertal transition. Based on what you know about early-maturing adolescents, Suzanne and Carlos are more likely to
become involved in illegal activities.
By the end of high school, crowds:
become less important to adolescents.
The term puberty refers to the period during which an individual
becomes capable of sexual reproduction
Jane has decided not to go along with her friends and drink after school. She realizes that drinking is wrong, and decides not to give in to the peer pressure. What type of autonomy is Jane exhibiting?
behavioral
Which of the following aspects of autonomy involves the capacity to make independent decisions and follow through with them?
behavioral autonomy
Which of the following would be considered a status offense?
being truant from school
The formation of synapses is
both genetically programmed and formed through experience.
Optimal social development during adolescence most likely requires healthy relationships with:
both parents and peers
Mark complains to his mother that there is nothing wrong with drinking a little beer because, "Everyone my age does it once in a while and I'll be a social outcast if I don't have a drink." Mark's level of moral development would be described as:
conventional stage
Mark complains to his mother that there is nothing wrong with drinking a little beer because, "Everyone my age does it once in a while and l'll be a social outcast if I don't have a drink" Mark's level of moral development would be described as:
conventional stage.
Industrialized societies place a great deal of emphasis on all of the following, except:
cooperation.
"Druggies," "jocks," and "nerds" are examples of:
crowds.
Lydia's family is always going to art shows, concerts, and poetry readings. They have a large amount of:
cultural capital
The resources provided within a family allowing the exposure of the adolescent to art, music, and literature are called:
cultural capital
the resources within a family allowing the exposure of the adolescent to art, music and literature are called:
cultural capital
Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their.
dates
Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their:
dates
All of the following contributed to the rise of age segregation in contemporary society, except:
decrease in family values.
During late adolescence, the susceptibility to peer pressure
decreases
During late adolescence, the susceptibility to peer pressure
decreases.
Given a choice, Darrell would prefer to stay up until 1:00 a.m. and sleep until 10:00 a.m. This pattern is called the
delayed phase preference
Why is it so difficult to draw a legal boundary between when someone should be treated like a child and when someone is ready to be treated like an adult?
development can be rapid and varies widely between individuals
Physically, puberty involves a rapidķincrease in growth, development of primary sex characteristics, and
development of secondary sex characteristics.
In contemporary society, the transition into adult work roles is fairly
discontinuous
Dr. Goodrich believes that the passage into adulthood is a sudden change in which adult roles and statuses are abruptly assumed. This view is most closely associated with the
discontinuous transition
The current transition into adult occupations in America is considered a
discontinuous transition
Which of the following is not a factor that moved children out of the workplace?
discrimination against young workers
The divergence of views between adolescents and parents that is common in families consisting of immigrant parents and U.S.-acculturated adolescents is called generational__________.
dissonance
While studying for her biology exam, Jennifer watches her favorite show on TV. This is an example of
divided attention
According to the textbook, the main contributor to the increased rate of automobile accidents among teenagers is
driving with other teenagers in the car
Ruben works over 20 hours a week during the school year and Marianne does not work at all. Ruben, compared to Marianne, is more likely to:
drop out of school.
Findings from research studies have found that the most marked fluctuations in self-image occur:
during the transition into adolescence
Research assessing the link between infant attachment and the quality of interpersonal relationships in adolescence and young adulthood finds:
early relationships set the stage for later interpersonal relationships.
The children who are most likely to think of themselves as being "off schedule" with respect to their physical development are girls who mature _________ and boys who mature _________.
early; late
"Decreased enjoyment of pleasurable activities" would be an example of what type of depressive symptoms?
emotional
Peter is noticing changes in the expression of affection and distribution of power in his relationships with his parents. He is less likely to rush to them with a problem, and is spending more time with his friends. What type of autonomy is developing with Peter?
emotional
As Barbara moves into adolescence, her relationship with her mother and father changes. She is becoming less dependent on them and more dependent on herself, She also realizes that her parents are not always right. Which type of autonomy is Barbara expressing?
emotional autonomy
Compared to children and adults, adolescents
engage in a greater number of risky behaviors in the real world
Kent has been involved in minor delinquent behavior. In order to curb this type of behavior, Kent's parents should:
enroll Kent in a school-sponsored extracurricular activity.
The physical developments of puberty are influenced by which of the following?
environmental factors
Tory is performance motivated and believes that intelligence is a fixed trait. Based on this combination, Tory probably focuses on:
external rewards.
Performance motivation is most similar to:
extrinsic motivation.
Which of the following factors can hasten the onset of maturation?
father absence
In general, which of the following relationships tends to be the least intimate?
father-daughter relationship
Amy gets extremely nervous during exams and never does as well as she should because of these anxious feelings. She has a very strong:
fear of failure
Which of the following characteristics is typically associated with being an early-maturing girls
feelings of awkwardness and self-consciousness
Compared to other times in recent history, how many adolescents have after-school jobs today?
fewer adolescents have after-school jobs today than in recent history
Prior to the early twentieth century, high schools were designed:
for elite youngsters.
Sixteen-year-old Geneva believes that the death penalty is wrong because her parents, friends and church say so. She has never really thought about the issue, but has accepted this view as her own. This pattern of following what her parents and peers say and do is pervasive throughout most of her beliefs and behaviors. Which identity state do you think Geneva is in?
foreclosure
Sixteen-year-old Geneva believes that the death penalty is wrong because her parents, friends, and church say so. She has never really thought about the issue, but has accepted this view as her own. This pattern of following what her parents and peers say and do is pervasive throughout most of her beliefs and behaviors. Which identity state do you think Geneva is in?
foreclosure
Adolescents improve their ability and tendency to consider the long-term consequences of their decisions, which is one aspect of:
future orientation.
According to the textbook and in regard to gangs, all of the following are true except:
gang members have better self-conceptions than other adolescents who are involved in antisocial activity but who are not gang members
Alcohol and marijuana are considered __________ drugs because they are almost always used before harder drugs.
gateway
The adolescent growth spurt
generally begins two years earlier for girls than for boys.
The tensions that result from teenagers and adults having differences of personal taste and preferences are referred to as the
generation gap
Although both sexes experience changes in muscle tissue and body fat, the ratio of muscle to body fat is
greater in boys than girls
According to research by Wayne Osgood and colleagues, the combination of several factors encourages delinquency and other problem behaviors among adolescents. This view is called the routine activity theory, and all but which of the following are though to be major contributing factors to this combination?
lower-than-average intelligence
Although Chris is significantly delayed developmentally he goes to a regular grade school; takes classes in social studies, music, and physical education with the non-handicapped students; and goes to special classes to learn about reading and arithmetic. This situation is an example of:
mainstreaming
Leroy plays video games not because he will win anything by doing well, or because anyone approves of his increasing skill, but because he enjoys getting better at the games. His behavior is an example of:
mastery motivation
Which of the following illustrates the typical sequence of sexual behavior among adolescents?
masturbation; feeling breasts through clothes; feeling a penis under clothes; sexual intercourse
One reason that the adolescent years may constitute a difficult period of adjustment is that parents
may also be experiencing identity crises of their own
Although this theory has not been supported empirically, it was once believed that Black students in the inner city who do well in school:
may be criticized by their peers who say they are "acting White."
Abner works long hours on weekends and after school. Research suggests that Abner:
may have a higher likelihood of engaging in minor delinquency than his peers
Placing students in tracks that match their abilities is called:
meritocratic
Taisha was discouraged from taking math classes throughout her high school years. Although she is intelligent, a likely long-term implication of this biased tracking is that Taisha will:
miss the opportunity to pursue certain careers for which she may be well qualified
Which of the following has not been found to be a characteristic of adolescents who work more than 20 hours per week?
more involvement in extracurricular activities
Which of the following can delay the onset of puberty?
nutritional deficiencies
All of the following are classifications for unpopular or disliked adolescents, except:
offensive-reclusive
Today's teenagers spend the most hours:
on leisure activities
Today's teenagers spend the most hours:
on leisure activities.
Rejection sensitivity is a term that psychologists use to describe:
oversensitivity to romantic rejection that is related to an insecure attachment in infancy and early childhood.
Which of the following is not a good predictor of whether adolescents will engage in sexual activity?
parent-adolescent communication
Research assessing parent-adolescent communication about sex has found all of the following, except:
parent-adolescent communication about sex significantly lowers adolescents' likelihood of being sexually active.
Which of the following has the most influence over a typical adolescents beliefs regarding religion and morality?
parents
Achievement concerns the development of motives, capabilities, interests, and behavior that relate to _________ in evaluative situations.
performance
Whitney's present goal is to get good enough at spelling to earn the school's spelling trophy. Whitney's ambition is an example of:
performance motivation.
Sarah is a popular teenage girl who has just been made captain of the cheerleading squad. She is very socially adept, and notices that Britney, her social rival, is starting to enjoy more attention from their peers than Sarah receives. Jealous, she decides to start a rumor about Britney that she knows will cause many people to stop liking Britney. Sarah's behavior is best described as an example of what?
relational aggression
According to the textbook, which of the following is not generally a predictor of self-esteem?
religious affiliation
Felicia is very warm and accepting to both of her two children, but she also sets firm rules that the children must follow with very few exceptions. According to Baumrind, the characteristics that best describe her are:
responsive and demanding
Felicia is very warm and accepting towards both of her two children, but she also sets firm rules that the children must follow with very few exceptions. According to Baumrind, the characteristics that best her are
responsive and demanding
In early adolescence, __________ friendships are most common, and in late adolescence, ___________ friendships are common.
same sex; opposite sex
Which of the following is most important in influencing adolescents' learning and psychosocial development?
school climate
Which has a greater effect on students' scholastic achievement: school size or class size?
school size
Which of the following patterms of attachment spositively correlated with high sociability in childhood?
secure
Which of these is a feature of hypothetical thinking?
seeing beyond what is directly observable
Jesse is in the seventh grade at a school that has open classrooms with multiple teachers instructing their classes in one large area. Which of the following cognitive processes will help Jesse focus on his teacher?
selective attention
Charlie is able to tune out the television so that he can focus on his art project, which is due in class tomorrow. This is an example of
selective attention.
Maria describes herself as an only child, as a person who likes art and music, who is shy, and who likes to read. Maria's description fits best with the idea of:
self-conception
How positively or negatively people feel about themselves defines:
self-esteem.
Antonio is very confident about his abilities; he has a strong sense of:
self-etficacy.
The idea that an individual's behavior is influenced by other's expectations for them is a description of a(n)
self-fulfilling prophecy.
What emotional characteristic makes an individual more likely to engage in risky behaviors?
sensation seeking
Which of the following is most characteristic of childhood peer groups?
sex segregation
Which of the following is not typically considered to be autoerotic behavior during adolescence?
sexual intercourse
Sonya has scored in the top 1 percentile on an IQ test, yet she gets below average grades in school. What is true about Sonya?
she is an underachiever
Although young children may seem unaffected by a divorce at the time, problems may emerge when they are adolescents. This delayed effect is called a
sleeper effect.
In many non-Western cultures, there is a huge discrepancy in the extension of privileges to males and females. In general, girls' behavior is more _______ whereas boys are given more_______.
subiect to the control of adults: freedom and autonomy
An explanation of why students' motivation and school achievement drop as they transition into secondary school is that:
teachers focus on grades (performance goals) rather than mastery of the material.
Jacquelynne Eccles describes all of the following changes in school environment when moving from elementary school to middle school or junior high school, except that:
teachers in middle and junior high schools feel more confident in their teaching abilities
Some educational psychologists, including Jacquelynne Eccles, argue that the difficulty adolescents experience in the transition to junior high school is a result of the:
teachers' beliefs about junior high students.
Popularized about 75 years ago, this expression refers to young people in a more frivolous and lighthearted manner than the term adolescent
teenager
Boys' and girls' initial interest in sex is influenced primarily by the surge in levels of:
testosterone
On average, the mental health and school performance of immigrant adolescents is better
than their U.S.-born peers
The status of adolescents as full-time students arose as a result of
the Industrial Revolution.
The impact of friends on adolescents' school performance depends on:
the academic orientation of the peer group
The hormonally induced increase in the rate of growth in height and weight is referred to as
the adolescent growth spurt.
Jacob is looking forward to the upcoming presidential election because he is now able to cast his vote. Based on your knowledge of the social redefinition of adolescence, what has Jacob attained?
the age of majority
Melatonin levels change naturally in response to
the amount of light
One potential explanation for the finding that gifted students who are integrated into regular classrooms have more positive academic self-conceptions than those in special classes is:
the big-fish-little-pond effect
The most common trigger of the first episode of major depression is:
the breakup of a romantic relationship.
Which of the following statements accurately describes melatonin activity during adolescence?
the cycle of melatonin secretion is shifted later at puberty
Kikko strongly dislikes country music but told Keith, who is a big Garth Brooks fan and her latest love interest, that country music is her favorite and that she would love to go with him to see Garth in concert. This type of behavior is called:
the false-self
Kikko strongly distikes country music but told Keith, who is a big Garth Brooks fan and her latest love interest, that country music is her favorite and that she would love to go with him to see Garth in concert. This type of behavior is called:
the false-self.
The fact that most books for parents of teenagers tend to focus on the problems instead of normative development is concerning because
the more parents believe in the stereotypes, the worse their relationships with their teenagers become.
Robert Sellers and colleagues have presented a model to help make sense of the complicated relations among perceived discrimination, ethnic identity, and mental health among minorities. This model is called:
the multidimensional model of racial identity (MMRI).
President Obama's education secretary suggested what to address the problem of the state-dependent standards in the No Child Left Behind act?
the need to have a set of common standards across all 50 states
In a study on the effect of early intensive education on later school performance among children in poverty, which intervention had the greatest impact on performance in high school?
the preschool intervention
One study of more than 160,000 adolescents from 35 countries found that
the prevalence of bullying is higher in schools characterized by greater income inequality
One study of more than 160,000 adolescents from 35 countries found that:
the prevalence of bullying is higher in schools characterized by greater income inequality
The Anytown town council developed a program to curb delinquent behavior among the town's adolescents. The program had an iatrogenic effect, meaning:
the program backfired and delinquent behavior increased
According to Kohlberg's theory, the most important thing is:
the reasoning behind an individual's response
According to Kohiberg's theory, the most important thing is:
the reasoning behind an individual's response.
Neurons are cells that carry information by transmitting electrical charges across the body. When the electrical charge travels through a neuron, it stimulates
the release of neurotransmitters
Kerry and Kristie's teacher accidentally got their test scores mixed up and mistakenly thought that Kerry was the more intelligent of the two girls. At the end of the year, her records demonstrated that, indeed, Kerry had gained more and performed at a higher level than Kristie. This is best thought of as an example of:
the self-fulfilling prophecy.
Over the course of adolescence, which of the following is not true of changes that take place in crowds?
their descriptions become more concrete (e.g., the "preppy" group becomes "the Playstation crowd")
Over the course of adolescence, which of the following is not true of changes that take place in crowds?
their descriptions become more concrete (e.g., the "preppy" group becomes "the Playstation crowd").
As compared with females whose first intercourse occurs after age 18, those who engage in sexual intercourse at a younger age are likely to report that:
their first sexual experience was involuntary
Chris and his parents had an argument because they did not want him to go to a New Year's Eve party across town. A few days after the argument, Chris's anger subsided because he realized his parents were worried about his safety. Which cognitive process did Chris most likely use to reach this conclusion?
theory of mind
Imani, who is 17, has become more skilled at understanding that other people may have beliefs and points of view that differ from her own. What do brain researches call this ability?
theory of mind
Which of the following statements about the production of hormones at puberty is true?
there is an increase in the production of certain hormones.
According to the textbook, a good deal of adolescents' risk taking takes place in contexts in which
they are unsupervised by adults and exposed to peers who encourage risky behaviors
Sullivan believed that important interpersonal transitions are more likely to be negotiated successfully if:
they have a solid foundation of security in past relationships
Arwen and Nick have dated exclusively for 18 months and say they are in love. Both are age 20 and live in the United States. Based on what you have read in this chapter, which of these statements is most likely to be true?
they will marry later than their counterparts of 40 years ago did
Adolescents who have more complex self-conceptions are less likely:
to be depressed.
