Psych Quiz 6 Study Guide

D

1. Of the following activities, today's teenagers spend the most hours ______________. a. working b. on schoolwork c. volunteering d. on leisure activities

B

10. Carl said, "I'm not really sure how I feel about the death penalty. I can see both advantages and disadvantages for society. I need to find out more before I decide what I believe." According to the identity status framework of James Marcia, Carl's most likely status related to beliefs about the death penalty is __________. a. identity achieved b. identity moratorium c. identity diffused d. identity foreclosed

A

11. Ethnic minority youth with strong ethnic identities compared to those with weaker ethnic identities tend to __________________. a. have fewer emotional and behavioral problems b. do less well in school c. be less optimistic about their future d. be more marginalized

A

12. According to Erik Erikson, which of the following is the main influence on whether a person has a more or less desirable outcome at each stage of his/her psychosocial development? a. The social relationships in his/her life b. His/her genetic makeup c. The home and community environment d. The beliefs and values of the culture in which the person lives

C

13. Which of the following describes one of the primary reasons why Erikson saw Identity Development as especially important during adolescence? a. Adolescents compared to children have a more narrow and adult-filled social world. b. Adolescents are freer from responsibilities and obligations compared to children. c. Adolescents compared to children are more able to consider their real, ideal, and future possible selves. d. All of the above.

D

14. James Marcia's framework for classifying the identity status of young people focuses on their levels of exploration and commitment in three main areas of life. Which of the following is NOT one of those areas? a. Values and beliefs b. Interpersonal relationships c. Occupation d. Personality

B

15. What would Erikson say about the future of a person who did NOT have a positive resolution in one of the earlier stages of psychosocial development? a. That person is doomed to be stuck in that same stage of development for the rest of his/her life. b. That person can still have a good outcome as it is possible to have a positive resolution at a later time in live. c. The outcome of one stage does not affect the outcome of later ones. d. The only hope is for that person to go back to the relationships from that time of his/her life and seek a more positive outcome.

D

16. What are the benefits of an achieved identity? a. Having a sense of self that helps one make important decisions in life. b. Being better able to find others who share common goals in life. c. Having better psychological well-being and happiness. d. All of the above.

B

17. Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages Jean Phinney (1990) proposed for ethnic identity development? a. The unexamined ethnic identity b. Hidden ethnic identity c. Ethnic identity search d. Resolution of conflict

D

18. Enrique says that he does not really think of himself as Columbian, like his parents, but instead sees himself as just being an American. Jean Phinney would classify Enrique as having which type of ethnic identity orientation? a. Bicultural b. Marginal c. Separated d. Assimilated

C

19. Which of the following is NOT one of the main factors of the Five Factor Model of personality (aka, the "Big 5")? a. openness b. neuroticism c. self-awareness d. extraversion e. agreeableness

C

2. Ruben and Marianne are both high school freshmen. Ruben works over 20 hours a week during the school year. Marianne works about 8 hours per week. Ruben, compared to Marianne, is more likely to: a. become more socially responsible. b. know how to manage his money better. c. drop out of school. d. not engage in drug and alcohol use.

B

3. All of following adolescents would like to get a job to save money for college, but which one is LEAST likely to be able to get a part-time job? a. Joe whose parents have white-collar type jobs. b. Marcus who lives in the projects in an inner city urban area. c. Liz who lives in a large suburban area. d. All are equally likely to be able to get a part-time job.

B

4. In general, which kind of activity is more likely to increase the adolescent's exposure to positive adult role models, challenge his/her intellectual skills, and support development of self-confidence? a. A part-time job b. Extra curriculars

D

5. When are adolescents usually in the "worst" mood? a. when they are with friends b. when they are working c. when they are with their family d. when they are alone

A

6. Which of the following is NOT a message that media such as movies, TV, and music and music videos typically convey about sex? a. unprotected sex can have serious consequences b. women are sex objects c. sex is a defining aspect of masculinity d. sex is fun and exciting

A

7. True or False: Working to earn money during the school year is more likely to lead to problems for the adolescent from a middle-income background than for the adolescent from a lower-income background. a. True b. False

B

8. When is delinquency most common? a. weekdays during school hours b. weekday afternoons c. weekend nights d. weekend afternoons

C

9. What is the developmental task that Erikson must have seen as most important to an individual's later psychosocial development as he put it as the very first stage of life (that is, in infancy)? a. Developing a sense of one's self b. Developing the ability to have close relationships with others c. Developing the ability to appropriately trust in others d. Developing a sense of confidence in one's abilities