psych test 1

A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?

difficulty with speech production

Which of the following is reduced during a fight-or-flight reaction

digestion

Cocaine blocks the reuptake of which neurotransmitter

dopamine

in the figure left, where does the neurotransmitter dopamine have its effect

A

in the figure left, where do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have their initial effect

C

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as

the absolute refractory phase

In adult humans, which of the following is typically true of REM sleep

It is correlated with dreaming

A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is

reduced inhibition

The brain is NOT involved initialing action in which of the following situations

chris is daydreaming about going for a jog on a beautiful morning

Consistent with the concept of neural plasticity, neurons in mammals have been found to change to way they function as a result of repeated stimulation by doing which if the following

growing new dendritic spines

The biological clock that operates in human beings to adjust their functioning to night-and-day periodically is referred to as

a circadian rythm

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?

a decrease heart rate

The depletion of which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease

acetylcholine

The explanation that holds the dreams are merely the brain's attempt to make sense of meaningless patterns of brain activity during sleep is called the

activation-synthesis theory

information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by

afferent neurons

Ted is hiking along a mountain trail when he sees a large snake slithering across the path ahead of him. Which of the following brain structures is most closely associated with Ted's fear response?

amygdala

A drug that has the effect of intensifying or mimicking a particular neurotransmitter can be characterized as

an agonist, because it intensifies the effects of a particular neurotransmitter

Which of the following correctly pairs subdivisions within the major divisions of the human nervous system

autonomic . . sympathetic and parasympathetic

When excitatory neurotransmitters stimulate a single neuron, the neuron

becomes more likely to produce an action potential

A person with a severe head injury subsequently acts irresponsibly, does not seem to be able to plan effectively, and is easy to anger. Which of the following brain areas is most likely injured?

frontal lobe

Sigmund Freud believed that dream analysis was a useful device for

gaining insight into unconscious motives

When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain's ability to form new memories in the

hippocampus

Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well-being at the end of each exercise session. The best explanation for Mary's perseverance in the program is that exercise

increases her level of endorphins

The network of structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory is the

limbic system

REM sleep, generally an "active" state of sleep, is accompanied by which of the following paradoxical characteristics?

lowered muscle tone

The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the

medulla

Beth received a hemispherectomy to treat a seizure disorder when she was two years old. However, by the time she was five years old, her cognitive abilities were the same as those of a neurotypical five year old. Which of the following best explains her abilities?

neuroplasticity

Which of the following provides information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose

positron emission tomography (PET)

Rudy has chronic trouble staying awake in class. What part of the brain is most likely responsible for Rudy's drowsiness?

reticular formation

if an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain?

right parietal lobe

what is the primary function of the brain region indicated by the arrow depicted left

sleeping, waking, and dreaming

The division of the nervous system that most directly allows voluntary muscle movement is the

somatic

Which part of the brain represented above is indicated by A

somatosensory cortex

During neuronal firing, the part of the neuron that acts as an insulator and conductor to speed the electrical impulse as it travels down the axon is

the myelin sheath

Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron

the terminal buttons

Getting a headache from not having a morning coffee after substantial daily coffee consumption for several months is most likely due to

withdrawal