Psychology 201 - Chapter 12 Quiz

Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other and have an active and satisfying sex life, and are each deeply committed to supporting each other. They share ________ love. a. consummate b. romantic c. fatuous d. companionate

a

Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has a high level of ________. a. reciprocity b. altruism c. groupthink d. infatuation

a

The behavior of soldiers who abused prisoners at the Abu Ghraib facility during the Iraq war was predicted by the Stanford Prison Experiment that was overseen by social psychologist ________. a. Philip Zimbardo b. Stanley Milgram c. Solomon Asch d. John Cacioppo

a

What is a social role? a. a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group b. person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting c. group's expectations regarding what is appropriate and acceptable for the thoughts and behavior of its members d. group's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting

a

What is the main point of the quizmaster study? a. People will overlook obvious situational influences on behavior. b. People will attack other people by claiming situational influences are making them behave badly. c. People will overlook obvious dispositional influences on their behavior. d. People will defend themselves by claiming situational influences changed their behavior.

a

What is the single most important fact that predicts the person with whom you will become friends or have a romantic relationship? a. the amount of contact you have with people b. your financial wellbeing c. your similarity to others you meet d. your physical attractiveness

a

Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias? a. Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams. b. Leonard gets good grades in sociology and psychology, so he sends his professors a card thanking them for what good professors they are. c. Leonard gets bad grades in sociology and psychology, so he switches his major to biology because he will like it more. d. Leonard gets a bad grade in his psychology class and a good grade in his sociology class, so he believes he should study harder to prepare for his next psychology exam.

a

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion? a. anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year b. supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking c. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use d. encouraging your parents to quit smoking by switching to chewing tobacco, then convincing them to chew less tobacco each week

a

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding social exchange theory? a. People are dissatisfied if their social exchanges create more costs than benefits unless the relationship is an example of consummate love. b. People prefer to have more benefits than costs or to have nearly equal costs and benefits. c. People are motivated to maximize the benefits of social exchanges, or relationships, and minimize the costs. d. Most people are dissatisfied if their social exchanges create more costs than benefits.

a

Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent groupthink from occurring? a. seeking outside opinions on group decisions b. having the group leader make their position known before discussion begins c. voting publicly in front of group members d. avoiding the development of any contingency plans

a

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training? a. Simon goes to sleep b. Simon bites his mother c. Simon's mother gets frustrated with Simon d. Simon retreats to a corner and mopes

b

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. She thinks that those who do not play chess must be less intelligent than those who do, and thus she doesn't want to spend time with them. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias. a. confirmation b. in-group c. out-group d. scapegoating

b

Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion? a. anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year b. getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether c. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use d. supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking

b

A negative attitude and feeling toward an individual that is based solely on that person's membership in a specific group is called ________. a. discrimination b. conformity c. prejudice d. a stereotype

c

Orlando shares with a friend that he does not like people who are homosexual, and that he goes out of his way at work to avoid helping customers who he suspects are gay. His friend says to him, "man, that isn't a cool way to be. You do realize that you're expressing a form of prejudice called ________, don't you?" a. gender dysphoria b. transphobia c. homophobia d. asexuality

c

The ________ hypothesis is the ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve. a. equipoentiality b. come-uppance c. just-world d. equal status

c

The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal level. These topics include ________. a. society and social interaction, families, ecology, and religion b. prejudice and discrimination, helping behavior, aggression, and group processes c. emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition d. ethnographies, case studies, archives, and statistics

c

What was the main conclusion drawn from the Stanford prison experiment? a. students cannot be relied upon to act appropriately b. when operating in a group, some people will put forth less effort than if they were operating alone c. social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior d. students cannot be trusted in roles of authority

c

When a person is making a persuasive argument that utilizes the ________ route, they rely on factors unrelated to their actual message to persuade their listener. The hope is that these factors will encourage positivity with the message itself. a. central b. compliance c. peripheral d. haloed

c

Which statement about groupthink is correct? a. Group members will use brainstorming to discover the solution that most group members agree on. b. Group members modify their opinion to go against what they believe is the group consensus. c. Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus. d. Group members will never agree if there is a minority influence present.

c

Why are girls more likely than boys to be victims of cyberbullying? a. because girls are more likely to share photographs of themselves on social media sites b. because girls' parents tend spend less time monitoring their daughters' online activities c. because it is a less direct and nonphysical form of bullying d. because girls are found to spend more time online

c

Within the field of social psychology, a script is defined as a ________. a. set of instructions to be carried out without deviation b. written record of a person's history, including their actions and qualities c. person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting d. prescription for psychotropic medicine

c

During the international coronavirus pandemic, many people began acting aggressively toward individuals of Chinese descent, blaming them for the virus even though most of those people had lived in the United States for their entire lives. Those Chinese-Americans were the victim of a process called ________. a. in-group bias b. confirmation bias c. effort justification d. scapegoating

d

In Stanley Milgram's obedience research, the person playing the part of the "learner" was an accomplice, or ________, of the experiment. He was aware of the true purpose of the research, was never shocked, and was acting according to Milgram's instructions. a. union b. associate c. ally d. confederate

d

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________. a. aggression b. cognitive dissonance c. prosocial behavior d. diffusion of responsibility

d

What is a main feature of the jigsaw classroom? a. participants are required to express at least one of their own held biases or prejudices b. adults are forced to work together to solve a puzzle but does not know that there are pieces missing c. people work together toward a superordinate goal that cannot be achieved without cooperation d. students work together with others who are of different racial backgrounds or different ability sets

d

Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion? a. supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking b. anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year c. encouraging your parents to quit smoking by switching to chewing tobacco, then convincing them to chew less tobacco each week d. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

d

________ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors, such as individual traits or temperaments. a. Moralism b. Collectivism c. Situationism d. Dispositionism

d