Psychology 235 Final

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All things being equal, who will have the MOST difficult time coming to terms with death? a) Mr. and Mrs. Bui, whose child just died b) Mr. Barker, who just lost his wife c) Mrs. Brancusi, who just lost her husband d) Mr. Blanco, whose sister just died

An optimistic outlook (and high self-esteem) promotes which of these positive career behaviors? a) gravitating to fulfilling jobs b) avoiding receiving feedback from bosses c) changing jobs every few years due to high financial goals d) less ability to shape a job to one's needs

In an early-maturing daughter, parents might be alert to which of the following? a) depression and low self-esteem b) increasing grades and an increased interest in school c) increase in the number of same-sex friends d) being unpopular and having no friends

Teenagers tend to be more sensitive to _____ than other age groups. a) being rejected b) getting hurt physically c) failing at school d) unfamiliar foods

The FIRST physical sign that a girl is reaching puberty is _____. a) the growth spurt b) breast development c) menarche d) pubic hair development

Who is coping with a social-clock issue? a) Jun, who is 35 and worried that she is getting too old to marry and have kids b) Arnie, who is getting married next year at age 28 c) Anton, who is always late to class d) Renato, who repeatedly misses appointments

Who is grappling with an issue specific to emerging adulthood? a) Lamar, who needs to take responsibility for directing his life b) Bhava, who needs to learn how to relate to her family c) Cailida, who needs to do well in school d) Donovan, who needs to control his emotions

Who is most likely OPPOSED to assisted suicide? a) Mark, the pastor in a church b) Hans, who lives in Denmark c) Meranda, who lives in France d) Chloe, who lives in New York

Young people who get arrested for participating in illegal demonstrations that protest what they feel are unfair laws may be operating according to Kohlberg's _____ level of moral reasoning. a) postconventional b) preconventional c) conventional d) formal operational

Children at risk of having a troubled adolescence tend to be: a) well behaved in elementary school. b) alienated from their parents and have impulse-control issues. c) set up for a life of crime. d) from "good" homes, but who fall in with the wrong crowd.

Compared to a 20-year-old, socioemotional selectivity predicts an 80-year-old would: a) prefer social media to talking one to one. b) use social media to keep in touch with family. c) dislike social media. d) use social media far less frequently.

Darlene, who has two young children, reports, "I certainly am not the calm, self-assured person that I used to be. At times, I turn into a screaming shrew." According to the research, Darlene is a(n) _____ mom. a) incompetent b) fairly typical c) single d) older

Dembe loves manipulating data and getting things organized. According to Holland, Dembe would be happiest as a(n) _____. a) salesperson or scientist b) accountant or clerk c) scientist or medical doctor d) manager or salesperson

Which is a classic age-related change in male sexual performance? a) less sensitive lovemaking b) trouble getting erections c) more intense ejaculations d) only being able to ejaculate twice a night

Which is not a feeling typical of Erikson's role confusion? a) feeling sad and depressed b) looking forward to the future c) being anxious and feeling at loose ends d) being blocked and unable to move ahead

Which label for identity status fits each of the following students? (1) Jasmin is having trouble deciding on a career because she has so many interests; (2) Carol is going to be a nurse because her family decided that was best; (3) Ariesa doesn't have any interests and is frightened about the idea of being an adult. a) (1) moratorium; (2) diffusion; (3) foreclosure b) (1) moratorium; (2) foreclosure; (3) diffusion c) (1) foreclosure; (2) moratorium; (3) diffusion d) (1) diffusion; (2) moratorium; (3) foreclosure

Which nation does an exceptional job at providing services to its frail older citizens? a) the United States b) Denmark c) China d) South Korea

Which of the following best describes the quality of nursing-home care in the United States? a) typically excellent b) varies from excellent to substandard, but mainly fair to poor c) uniformly poor d) good to average, for the most part

Which of the following is NOT a good suggestion for parents if their children must move back home after college? a) "Don't micromanage or hover; give the child freedom." b) "Take total charge of the child's finances." c) "Perhaps set up shared, agreed-upon rules." d) "Talk openly about your mutual concerns."

Which of the following is an advantage of U.S. hospice programs? a) being cared for by nurses b) avoiding being artificially kept alive by machines c) spending the last days in a hospital d) having a more private, isolated death

Which person is MOST likely to be happy in retirement? a) Thad, who felt forced out of his job b) Thelma, who has a good pension and a compelling retirement passion c) Teresa, who decided to leave work at age 63 d) Tenchi, who isn't getting along well with his wife

According to the research, above all else, teens feel totally loved when their parents: a) can buy them everything they need. b) have the same values. c) have made incredible sacrifices for their well-being. d) give them what they want.

According to the text, doctors ideally should: a) shy away from offering information to dying patients. b) leave discussions of death to nurses. c) take their cues from dying patients about how much they want to know. d) be totally open with dying people about their fate.

According to the text, the MAIN frustration for hospitalized patients is when staff members: a) give painful procedures. b) come in at all hours of the night. c) don't offer respectful, sensitive care. d) pay too much attention to family members.

Active euthanasia is the term for: a) Dr. Ramirez withdraws the feeding tube from a terminally ill person who says, "I want to die." b) Dr. Suk withholds life-saving medical treatments from a terminally person who says, "I want to die." c) Dr. Daher gives a terminally ill person who says, "I want to die," a prescription for a fatal medication. d) Dr. Sesay injects a fatal drug into the veins of a terminally ill person who says, "I want to die."

Adaora is 20 years old; her mother is 50 years old. All things being equal, Adaora should outperform her mother at: a) tests of world knowledge. b) knowing historical facts. c) putting together puzzles quickly. d) solving crossword puzzles.

After a child dies, which situation is LEAST apt to cause prolonged mourning? a) having adults forbid the child from discussing the trauma b) having an unstable life situation c) being under age 5 when the parent dies d) living through a traumatic death

As of 2018, health-care personnel _____ get formal instruction in end-of-life care, but many courses may be _____. a) rarely; too intense b) sometimes; inadequate c) typically; inadequate d) never; inadequate

Which description BEST applies to today's U.S. worker? a) working more at the office, leaving home for fun b) slacking off more at work, enjoying leisure more c) working harder and longer, feeling more insecure d) feeling more bored, and less interested in working hard

Which hormones program sexual desire? a) the adrenal androgens, estrogen, and testosterone b) the adrenal androgens and estrogen c) the adrenal androgens and testosterone d) testosterone and estrogen

Which intellectual ability is MOST likely to decline fast with age? a) interpersonal skills b) vocabulary c) how well a person can learn a new computer game d) knowledge of the world

Which is NOT a criticism of Marcia's identity status framework? a) People may not need to sample many different paths in order to construct a secure identity. b) Moratorium isn't necessarily a healthy state, because a person in ruminative moratorium can be highly distressed. c) Many people in identity diffusion are happy. d) Because people shift paths and goals throughout life, identity achievement isn't final in the twenties.

According to this chapter, adolescence is: a) the happiest life stage. b) a tumultuous but exciting time of life. c) a blissful life stage. d) the worst life stage.

Puberty rites have which feature? a) rebelling against the older generation b) overcoming physically challenging tasks c) being united with one's family d) participating in boring community celebrations

Which terms apply to each piece of advice? (1) When overwhelmed with work, prioritize, devoting special time to your most important activities; (2) when making decisions, be open to different perspectives and ideas; (3) have your main priority be making a difference in the world. a) (1) selective optimization with compensation; (2) generativity; (3) wise thought b) (1) selective optimization with compensation; (2) wise thought; (3) generativity c) (1) wise thought; (2) generativity; (3) selective optimization with compensation d) (1) generativity; (2) wise thought; (3) selective optimization with compensation

Which wife is describing a marital equity issue? a) Hei tells Sook that he's being too rough with their baby son. b) Colette tells Jakobo that it's not fair that she does all the housework since they both have jobs. c) Danao tells Puno that he should put away his socks and clothes more neatly. d) Tina tells Troy that she thinks he may be having an affair.

Which woman is LEAST likely to cohabit? a) Destiny, an upper-middle-class U.S. adult b) Karam, who lives in India c) Henka, who lives in Sweden d) Sally, a U.S. adult who lives under the poverty line

Who is MOST likely to be in a flow state while taking this test? a) Enlai, who feels the questions are totally beyond his capacity b) David, who feels that the questions are interesting and challenging c) Masahiro who keeps focusing on whether she will get an "A" d) Pheodora, who feels the questions are a piece of cake

A girl is about to enter puberty. How long will the total process take? a) about 2 years, for every child b) about 9 years, for every child c) a variable length of time for different girls d) about 5 years, for every child

A major retirement-related U.S. issue facing older people is: a) having few options for constructing a fulfilling retirement. b) pressure from relatives to return to work. c) not having adequate retirement assets. d) economic hardship, especially for men.

After reading this chapter, a student is giving suggestions to a friend for how to be happy at work. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion she should make? a) "Find a job that offers autonomy and a chance to exercise your creativity." b) "Choose a career that fits your personality." c) "Choose only the best-paying job." d) "Search for a job that is intrinsically rewarding."

Based on the text, which is the BEST argument for legalizing active euthanasia? a) giving everyone full freedom to end their lives b) saving Medicare from going bankrupt c) keeping terminally ill people from having to die in tremendous pain d) keeping society from having to care for seriously disabled people

Being seriously sleep deprived as a teen predicts what? a) thinking before acting b) improved family relationships c) feelings of loneliness d) improved class performance

Bolin is a teacher who finds his job very stimulating. Irwin, his childhood buddy, has never found his vocational niche and stocks grocery store shelves for a living. As these friends move into middle age, what is MOST likely to happen? a) Both men will become more mentally flexible. b) Predictions are impossible. c) Bolin should become more mentally flexible; Irwin will cognitively decline. d) Both men will decline cognitively.

Dija, an adolescent girl, wears only black, puts on gobs of eyeliner, and dyes her hair blue. This behavior signals what? a) allowing Dija to easily find people who are different from her b) demonstrating a serious lack of adult role models in Dija's life c) sending a message about the kind of person Dija is d) making a statement that "I'm just like everyone else."

Label each kind of happiness: (1) getting a relaxing massage; (2) feeling you are making a difference in someone's life. a) (1) self-involved; (2) other-centered b) (1) eudaimonic; (2) hedonic c) (1) hedonic; (2) eudaimonic d) (1) physical; (2) mental

Libby weighs only 85 pounds, exercises incessantly, and eats practically nothing. Libby's diagnosis is _____. a) bulimia b) depression c) anorexia nervosa d) externalizing problems

Which child is MOST at risk for having mental health problems and getting into trouble during (and after) puberty? a) an early-maturing boy b) a late-maturing girl c) an early-maturing girl d) a late-maturing boy

Which comment from a newlywed predicts later spousal happiness? a) "I ignore my partner when he complains." b) "We have a great sex life." c) "We take special joy in making each other happy." d) "My partner does not understand the way I feel about things."

Which nation best fosters young people's transition to adult life? a) Italy b) Spain c) Sweden d) the United States

Which quality is LEAST likely to change as people age? a) altruism b) life priorities c) neuroticism d) maturity

Which teenage stereotype is FALSE? a) Teenagers are more sensitive to what their friends think than adults. b) Teenagers are more emotional than adults. c) Most teens drink and abuse drugs. d) Teenagers are more prone to take risks when in a group of peers.

Who is MOST at risk for developing mental health problems? a) Inci, who knows she is attracted to other women b) Ida, who has believed she was gay from a young age c) Irena, who labels herself as heterosexual but is attracted to women d) Isabel, who is in a same-sex relationship

All things being equal, _____ people are LEAST likely to get upset when facing a fatal disease. a) poverty-level b) wealthy c) religious d) elderly

In surveys, how do new mothers feel about child care? a) Women only do it when forced. b) Women prefer to totally avoid it. c) They love it. d) They find it less enjoyable than shopping or watching TV.

Ms. Clark has been diagnosed with vascular dementia. When scientists examine her brain, they will mainly find: a) amyloid. b) senile plaques. c) neurofibrillary tangles. d) small strokes.

Normal aging changes: a) start at age 65. b) begin in late middle age and suddenly get dramatically worse. c) begin during childhood. d) gradually progress over years.

Which ability is MOST likely to start declining by a person's thirties? a) no ability declines during this decade b) vocabulary c) knowledge of history d) how quickly someone can perform complex new tasks

Which adult is MOST likely to be viewed as having a good death? a) Molly, who dies in intensive care b) Manny, who dies accidentally while on vacation c) Margaret, who dies alone in a nursing home d) Mellissa, who dies surrounded by her family at age 95

Which force is NOT involved in programming the onset of puberty? a) leptin b) life stress c) maturation or growth level d) intelligence or academic skills

Which is a normal age-related vision change? a) nearsightedness b) glaucoma c) farsightedness d) difficulties seeing in dim light

Which talent is MOST apt to increase as a nurse moves through middle age? a) taking blood pressures while talking to patients b) quickly mastering new technologies in the field c) keeping track of unfamiliar medicines d) understanding how to deal with patients

While driving, a 75-year-old woman and her 20-year-old grandchild witness a terrible car crash. Socioemotional selectivity theory would predict that: a) both adults will quickly get over the distressing images. b) the 20-year-old will be better at emotionally blocking out the distressing images. c) both adults will have regular flashbacks of the distressing images. d) the 75-year-old will be better at blocking out the distressing images.

Who is MOST likely to be in favor of "age-based rationing of care"? a) Tatyana, who is highly religious b) Temel, who is a Republican living in the North c) Terika, who is a Democrat living in the South d) Treven, who is alarmed at wasteful, budget-busting health-care costs in old age

Who is MOST likely to be passionately opposed to legalizing active euthanasia? a) Casper, who lives in the Netherlands b) Carl, who doesn't believe in an afterlife c) Celeste, who lives in Western Europe d) Cyril, who is highly religious and lives in Poland

As of 2018, in which U.S. state is physician-assisted suicide illegal? a) Oregon b) Montana c) Vermont d) Tennessee

In contrast to typical Western practices, the Hmong dying ritual features a(n): a) short funeral. b) open discussion of dying. c) no funeral. d) hands-on approach to dying.

Eating disorders: a) are curable. b) all involve excessive dieting. c) affect boys as frequently as girls. d) are becoming much rarer.

Remarried couples are more prone to _____ conflicts when they communicate. a) experience destructive b) avoid c) personalize d) openly discuss

The MOST common age-related disease is _____. a) heart disease b) arthritis c) osteoporosis d) asthma

In which nation do young people face the MOST barriers to reaching full adulthood? a) Denmark b) Norway c) Portugal d) Germany

Which Big Five trait is NOT associated with being successful in life? a) extraversion b) conscientiousness c) neuroticism d) agreeableness

Grandpa is now in hospice. Based on the text, grandpa may survive longest if he has: a) a stroke. b) a good nurse. c) cancer. d) heart disease.

All things being equal, who is MOST likely to find caring for an aged family member a difficult burden? a) a daughter b) the son c) the spouse d) a sibling

In North America, hospital-based palliative care is _____ available to the terminally ill. a) sometimes b) rarely or never c) always d) usually

Technologies such as smart phones and e-mail have: a) increased the amount of work people do. b) decreased work productivity. c) cut down on the amount of work people do. d) no impact on hours spent at work.

Aliyah is living in 2018. Unlike her granddad who lived in the 1950s, Aliyah would probably: a) openly discuss dying. b) often see people die. c) not be afraid of dying. d) be kept alive when she decided on terminal care.

All things being equal, the age group MOST likely to have trouble coping with a fatal disease is in their _____. a) twenties b) seventies c) eighties d) fifties

"Everyone is watching me and judging me." In Elkind's framework, this is a classic example of _____, and this young person is roughly 12 or 13. a) adolescent egocentrism b) social referencing c) a postconventional level of morality d) the personal fable

A father asks, "When should I discuss puberty with my child?" According to the text, which is the BEST advice? a) Discuss the topic before the physical changes take place. b) Wait to discuss the topic until his child asks questions. c) Wait to discuss the topic until the physical changes occur. d) Never discuss the topic, as puberty is such a sensitive topic for kids.

A friend says, "Because my family was so rejecting, I can't reach out fully in love," then asks, "Will I ever change?" Based on the research, how should Dr. Love answer? a) "Maybe. Although attachment styles are somewhat enduring, people do change from insecure to securely attached." b) "Certainly. Once in a good relationship, everyone becomes securely attached." c) "It depends on whether you act avoidant or too needy, when you fall in love." d) "Sorry, no. Once attachment styles are established, they rarely change."

A grandfather is comparing what work was like when he was young (50 years ago) to life in 2018. Which is NOT a statement he should make? a) "In my day, we worked longer hours at our jobs." b) "In my day, jobs were more secure." c) "Back in the day, women often stayed at home while men worked." d) "Back in the day, we had jobs that were really 9 to 5."

According to socioemotional selectivity theory, a(n) _____ is most likely to do something he really dislikes. a) young person b) older person c) male d) female

According to the Western psychiatric manual, intense mourning should last for about: a) 6 months to a year. b) 3 months. c) no set length of time, as predictions are impossible. d) 2 years.

According to the text, when loved ones are in the hospital, families want doctors to: a) explain roughly when they plan to visit the ill person's room. b) discuss diagnoses in depth. c) be available at any hour. d) not discuss diagnoses in depth.

According to the text, which quality is LEAST important in having a "good death"? a) being religious b) being as free as possible from debilitating pain c) believing that one's life had purpose d) feeling close emotionally to loved ones

According to the text, which quality is LEAST important in having a good death? a) having a strong religious faith b) having reached integrity c) feeling that one has been generative d) feeling one's life has been meaningful

Achieving _____ happiness is a defining quality involved in having a fulfilling life. a) eudaimonic b) exciting c) hedonic d) continual

Aidan is a counselor for adolescents. Which emotional problem is he MOST likely to encounter among his clients? a) nonsuicidal self-injury b) feeling utterly demoralized about life c) drug abuse d) suicide

Dementia: a) is the label for any illness that causes serious, progressive, often permanent cognitive loss. b) refers only to Alzheimer's disease. c) describes any neurological problem that causes damage in middle and later life. d) describes the memory problems most older adults have.

Dr. Developmental is giving a lecture on life satisfaction in old-age life. Which is the main point that he can make? a) Life satisfaction in old age is apt to decline when people get physically disabled and feel socially isolated. b) Most older people complain a good deal. c) Practically all older people are satisfied with life. d) Most older people are unhappy.

Dr. Terminal is describing the age-pattern of developed-world deaths. Which description should he use? a) concentrated at the upper end of the lifespan (in old age) b) spread out fairly equally among age groups c) most common in infancy and among the elderly d) most common in late middle age

Experts believe that when people are healthy, the best advance directive to complete is a _____. a) durable power of attorney for health care b) living will c) Do Not Hospitalize (DNH) order d) Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order

Filip, a mentally competent 70-year-old, fills out a document stating that if he is terminally ill and mentally incapacitated, he does not want heroic cure-oriented treatments. Filip has completed a _____. a) living will b) Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order c) durable power of attorney for health care d) Do Not Hospitalize (DNH) order

Fluid intelligence involves _____. a) reasoning quickly on unfamiliar tasks b) remembering vocabulary words c) social skills d) quickly changing an opinion

Fred is 82. He refuses to stop driving because "Giving up my wheels would mean I couldn't take care of myself anymore. I would have to go into a home or depend on my children to take me everywhere." Based on this chapter, Fred's response is: a) normal, but somewhat dangerous. b) unusual; most older adults give up driving. c) appropriate, as Fred should be completely safe. d) inappropriate; Fred can ask his family for help.

Generalizing from the research, fulfilled, happy retirees are LEAST likely to spend their time: a) relaxing around the pool and taking things easy. b) pursuing a passionate hobby more full time. c) taking courses and traveling the world. d) engaging in generative activities.

Generalizing from the text, if a friend posts Facebook photos of people at a party you attended, it will be easiest to remember: a) having seen those people. b) the names of those people. c) what those people were discussing at the party. d) what time you saw those people.

Generalizing from the text, most people begin to worry that their memory has significantly declined when they reach their _____. a) fifties b) thirties c) eighties d) seventies

Good deaths are _____. a) free from debilitating pain b) rare c) full of debilitating pain d) common among religious adults

Hakim says, "In the United States, people drop out of college because they aren't motivated and can't do the work." What should a developmentalist answer? a) "Not true; a main reason is that people get overwhelmed by taking classes and working full time." b) "Absolutely true! In 2015, basic talent and motivation were all that mattered in finishing school." c) "True, but only for boys." d) "True, but only for girls."

Henri is visiting a dying friend. Generalizing from the text, Henri can expect this person to: a) talk about death in the abstract, but shy away from discussing dying. b) go through stages in coming to terms with death. c) openly discuss all of his feelings about death and dying. d) avoid any mention of impending death.

If a 70-year-old says, "I won't be as happy in 5 years as I am today," this person MOST likely is: a) reacting like many people that age. b) lying. c) seriously depressed. d) suffering from a chronic disease.

If a psychologist has diagnosed a widow with persistent complex bereavement-related disorder, what does this means? a) A year or so after losing her husband, this woman still is totally immersed in grieving. b) This woman never loved her husband. c) A year after the death, this woman continues to say that her husband is the love of her life. d) Three months after her husband's death, this woman is still totally immersed in grieving.

In describing his life, which comment would a highly generative person be LEAST apt to make? a) "I've had an easy, calm life." b) "I've had some wonderful, caring role models in my life" c) "Since I was a child, I've been unusually sensitive to the suffering of others." d) "I've had my share of tragic experiences, but these events were crucial in my growth."

In describing intelligence during the fifties, statistically speaking, what is the LEAST appropriate comment? a) people decline in every skill b) vocabulary improves c) the ability to master unfamiliar material declines d) people often reach their intellectual peak

In surveys, hospitalized ill patients and their families complain MOST about: a) insensitive care. b) an overload of paperwork. c) too much care. d) delays in being admitted.

In surveys, most U.S. teenagers make which statement? a) "I want to be a professional." b) "I'm terrified I won't make it as an adult." c) "I have no career goals." d) "I do not want to go to college."

Juanita and Juan visit a marriage counselor because they are contemplating divorce. Although the couple started out blissfully in love, they are not getting along well, especially since their children reached their teens. Based ONLY on the U-shaped curve of marital satisfaction, what should the therapist advise? a) "Hold off on divorcing. You are apt to reconnect with each other at the empty nest." b) "If you are not happy now, you'll feel worse after the children leave." c) "There is no research that addresses this issue." d) "Expect to feel exactly the same way about each other after the children leave."

Marcia's _____ identity status corresponds to Erikson's concept of role confusion. a) diffusion b) moratorium c) achievement d) foreclosure

Mrs. Hernandez's joint cartilage has worn away. Mrs. Hernandez has _____. a) osteoarthritis b) osteoporosis c) diabetes d) asthma

Natasha is in her twenties. Based on the research, as Natasha gets older she will: a) spend less time with neighbors and acquaintances and devote more time to family. b) spend less time with people in general. c) spend more time with people in general. d) spend more time with neighbors and acquaintances.

Paulino is a Portuguese emerging adult. Statistically speaking, Paulino is MOST likely to live: a) with his parents. b) with a girlfriend. c) independently. d) with his wife and kids.

People who choose NOT to have children tend to: a) be just as well-adjusted as parents. b) regret their decision in old age. c) have more unhappy marriages than parents. d) be more self-centered than people who are parents.

Pick the newest trend in the work world. a) the rise of self-employment or the gig economy b) a good economy for most workers c) working from home d) the fact that women work

Serena loves cooking Ali's favorite foods and helping him out in many little ways. It makes her happiest when she sees the feeling of satisfaction on his face. Serena MOST likely is: a) in a loving, committed relationship. b) feeling guilty because she is having an affair. c) in a distressed marriage. d) inappropriately denying her needs.

Setsuko says she will feel much happier after she divorces her husband. Based on the research, what should a person think? a) Yes, but only if Setsuko is miserable in her marriage now. b) No, most people regret this decision. c) Yes, this happens in most cases. d) No, divorce typically causes a loss in self-efficacy and happiness.

Sheila's uncle says, "I have presbyopia." This means that this man can't: a) see close objects well. b) see distant objects well. c) see in the dark very well. d) hear as well as he used to.

Sixteen-year-old Taddeo is taking medication for severe, chronic depression; 16-year-old Sabina is a mildly unhappy teen. Statistically speaking, in their early twenties: a) Taddeo will remain just as depressed; Sabina will become happier. b) Taddeo will recover; Sabina will stay the same. c) Taddeo will be less depressed; Sabina will become more unhappy. d) there is no research relevant to this issue.

Soria lives in the Middle East, and Susan lives in America. Which is NOT a reasonable prediction to make about Soria's and Susan's marriage? a) Soria will be likely to share the housework with her spouse, unlike Susan. b) Soria will have a more male-dominated relationship than Susan. c) Soria will have more trouble divorcing compared to Susan. d) Soria but not Susan will probably be a virgin on her wedding day.

The MAIN reason why today's U.S. emerging adults stay in the nest is: a) financial; they cannot afford to move out. b) anxiety; they are more stressed out. c) dependency; they are too attached to their parents. d) shifting norms; society now feels that leaving home is wrong.

The MOST fundamental recent change in Western parenting is that today people: a) are free to become parents without being married. b) want children more than in the past. c) don't love their children as much as in the past. d) feel more ashamed when they choose not to have kids.

The age group that a judge MOST likely would see in her court are males in their: a) late teens and early twenties. b) early teens. c) late forties. d) early thirties.

The high school student BEST set up to master the challenges of emerging adulthood is a teen: a) who thrives on balancing responsibilities and working hard. b) who loves to relax and enjoy the moment. c) with high intelligence test scores. d) with superior social skills.

The late-life positivity effect suggests that the elderly: a) are happier because, with age, people have a bias to screen out negative events. b) have poorer memories than the young. c) are more unrealistic than the young. d) are more impaired than the young.

The young-old are in their sixties, and the old-old are _____. a) in their eighties and older b) over 68 c) over 90 d) over 70

To enroll in hospice, a patient's doctor must certify that this person is within _____ of death. a) 6 months b) 1 month c) 1 year d) 2 weeks

Today, people expect dads to be: a) nurturing, hands-on child-care providers. b) achievers who also do more housework than their spouses. c) stay-at-home parents. d) the primary care taker of their children.

Twenty-two-year-old Liza lives in the United States. She has just moved out of the nest and is renting her first apartment. Based on the research, how are Liza's parents MOST likely to feel? a) excited to see their baby growing up b) more emotionally distant from Liza than before c) terribly upset that their baby has left the nest d) angry and hurt

U.S. hospice programs: a) offer emotional support to families caring for dying loved ones at home. b) offer mainly in-patient units. c) are funded by Medicaid. d) serve fewer people in recent years.

What is a defining quality of a long-lasting happy marriage? a) feeling dedicated to the relationship b) having an intense sexual attraction c) being devoted to your own well-being d) having an open relationship

What is the BEST key to easily remembering material? a) Make the information emotionally vivid. b) Rehearse the information again and again. c) Focus on remembering only easy facts. d) Practice memorizing as much as you can.

What is the MAJOR psychological barrier to providing good end-of-life care? a) Medicine is cure oriented. b) Patients often want to die. c) Families don't want to get involved. d) Doctors and nurses don't get along.

What stereotype do MOST people share about the elderly? a) The elderly are better at handling conflicts and are gifted storytellers. b) The elderly are more powerful than young people. c) The elderly are happier than young adults. d) The elderly are depressed.

When Ketifa was dying of lung cancer, she never wanted to discuss her condition with loved ones. The text implies this was MOST likely because Ketifa: a) wanted to spare herself and her loved one's pain. b) was seriously emotionally disturbed. c) wanted to distance herself from loved ones. d) had no clue that she might die and did not want to pass along false information.

When discussing death with terminally ill patients, the text implies that the best approach is to: a) be sensitive to the person's feelings. b) avoid the topic. c) be as positive as possible. d) discuss everything openly and honestly.

Which Big Five traits may help keep people cognitively sharp as they age? a) conscientiousness and openness to experience b) conscientiousness and agreeableness c) extraversion and neuroticism d) agreeableness and extraversion

Which U.S. emerging adult is MOST likely to date someone of a different ethnicity? a) Sean, an African American man b) Irwin, a European American man c) Dana, a European American woman d) Beno, who accepts the Bible as literal truth

Which describes how an attachment style becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy? a) Leonard is so needy and clingy that he causes the rejection he intensely fears. b) Latisha is so friendly that she gets more isolated from people over time. c) Lisa is so shy that everyone loves her. d) Levi listens to all sides of a discussion.

Which description best characterizes emerging adulthood? a) exhilarating and frightening b) simple and easy c) stress-free and peaceful d) stable and predictable

Which emerging adult is LEAST at risk of having emotional problems? a) Harry, who has known he was gay since age 10 b) Hussein, who is gay and Latino c) Heather, who says she is heterosexual but is sexually attracted to other women d) Hermine, who is afraid to tell her family she is gay

Which is a recent U.S. retirement trend? a) more people working for longer b) more people aged 60 in the labor force c) more people retiring at younger ages d) more people having pensions

Which is a symptom SPECIFICALLY of late-stage dementia? a) being unable to speak b) acting erratically c) forgetting names d) wandering

Which is the MAIN career disappointment that young people face after entering college? a) finding that they don't have the skills to fulfill their career dreams b) having classes that are too large c) having parents who don't support their career dreams d) having friends who don't support their career dreams

Which memory task is virtually impossible for older people? a) memorizing something while simultaneously monitoring something else b) memorizing names c) following directions d) recognizing faces

Which of the following BEST describes the grandparent role? a) complex, unstructured, diverse b) joyous, easy, a piece of cake c) crucially important to every older adult d) hands-off, not relevant to most people's lives

Which of the following explains why society tends to amplify a mother's distress? a) pressuring mothers to produce perfect children b) blaming fathers for causing all of their children's problems c) portraying motherhood as boring d) encouraging women to work full time

Which of the following is NOT an implication of the research tracking married couples who later divorce? a) Divorce is rarely a good option. b) Some divorces may be unnecessary. c) Some divorces are absolutely necessary. d) If a relationship is "okay" but just not all that fulfilling, divorce may not be the best option.

Which of the following is a classic challenge of emerging adulthood? a) needing to financially support oneself b) raising children c) getting along with a spouse d) taking on adult roles with ease

Which parenting jobs are MOST likely to be totally the mother's responsibility? a) scheduling appointments and making sure children have the books and clothes for school b) taking children to the playground and encouraging them to participate in sports c) playing with the children in arousing, stimulating ways d) disciplining their daughters and sons and teaching ethics

Which physical indicator predicts dying at a younger-than-average age? a) short telomeres b) impaired vision c) being underweight as an adult d) a low allostatic load

Which physician is practicing active euthanasia? a) Dr. Smith gives a fatal medication to a terminally ill patient who wants to end her life. b) Dr. Okeke withdraws a terminally ill person's feeding tube when that individual has specified, "I don't want heroic life-saving measures." c) Dr. Joshi holds off giving CPR during a heart attack to a nursing-home resident with a DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order in that person's chart. d) Dr. Fukuda does not transfer a nursing-home resident with a DNH (Do not Hospitalize) order in her chart to the nearest medical center when she gets a high fever.

Which relationship BEST predicts how well widows cope after a husband dies? a) friendships b) family closeness c) sibling ties d) church member associations

Which seriously ill cancer patient is MOST likely to utilize hospice? a) Mr. Hernandez, who lives with his wife and daughters b) Mr. Hsu, whose doctor is very reluctant to discuss death c) Ms. Holloway, who lives alone d) Mr. Hopper, who vows to fight his illness until his last minute of life

Which statement BEST describes college enrollment and completion rates in the United States? a) The vast majority of high school grads enroll in college; many drop out without a degree. b) It's easy to graduate from college once you actually enroll. c) Almost everyone who enrolls in college ends up getting a degree. d) About half of all high school grads enroll, but relatively few get a degree.

Which two conditions are major risk factors for entering a nursing home? a) breaking a hip and Alzheimer's disease b) cancer and heart disease c) vision and hearing impairments d) pneumonia and the flu

Which woman is apt to cope BEST with widowhood? a) Ms. Zayat, who has a network of caring friends b) Ms. Tannenbaum, who doesn't have much money c) Ms. Murata, who has close family members, but virtually no friends d) Ms. Jones, who had a difficult, demanding spouse

While collaborating on a high-pressure work project, Hakim and Heloise fell passionately in love. According to the text, the MOST likely reason is that this couple was: a) sharing an emotional, flow-inducing activity and expressing their best selves. b) trying to avoid the anxiety of possibly failing at the project. c) running away from their home responsibilities. d) spending so much time together.

Who has basic ADL (activities of daily life) impairments? a) Mrs. Johnson, who cannot get to the toilet b) Mr. Cortez, who has trouble walking up steps c) Mrs. Im, who cannot clean the house d) Mr. Horowitz, who is 50 years old

Who is advocating age-based rationing of care (as described in the text)? a) Sten, who believes society shouldn't waste billions of dollars on heroic, cure-oriented interventions in old-old people b) Setimba, who believes that old-old people should be allowed to end their lives c) So Luu, who believes society shouldn't waste billions of dollars on heroic cure-oriented treatments in people over fifty d) Sabri, who believes that people over 50 should be allowed to end their lives

Youth development programs that promote thriving have which virtue? a) allowing teens to enhance peer relationships b) providing mundane activities that pass the time c) ignore teens' desires to feel to connected to others d) being tailored to only one gender, as mixing girls and boys can promote problems

Calorie restriction has which of the following documented benefits? a) decreasing blood flow b) increasing rats' maximum lifespan c) lowering metabolic rate d) raising the human maximum lifespan

Carl is bemoaning the fact that he now works 24/7. Carl can blame which modern force? a) less job insecurity b) advanced technology c) people caring more about their careers than their family lives d) reduced technology

Chandi, a writer, is dying and accepts that fact. According to the text, Chandi will MOST likely: a) just want to die quickly. b) still have future plans, hoping her work makes a difference in the world. c) give up writing completely. d) give up planning for the future.

Based on the text research, which of the following questions BEST predicts a college graduate's work success? a) Did you go to an Ivy League school? b) Do you feel self-confident and optimistic? c) Did you get good grades at school? d) Are you from an affluent family?

A core change unique to formal operations is that teens can: a) conserve much better. b) reason abstractly about hypothetical possibilities. c) read at a much higher level. d) really take another person's point of view

According to a British study, compared to married couples, long-term cohabiting couples are a) less likely to have children. b) just as happy. c) happier. d) more unhappy.

According to international research, parent-child arguments that revolve around choosing the "right" friends occur MOST often in: a) the United States. b) the Middle East. c) East Asia. d) Europe.

According to socioemotional selectivity theory, a(n) _____ is MOST likely to be happy. a) teenager b) elderly person c) middle-aged person d) emerging adult

According to the text, the MAJOR problem with traditional hospital care of the dying is that doctors are pressured to: a) decide between too many treatments. b) persist in futile, cure-oriented treatments. c) use inadequate technologies. d) give up on patients' too soon.

According to the text, which is the LEAST likely experience for men who marry women with children? a) They may have special troubles in their new marriage. b) They typically don't love the stepchildren. c) Children can be angry at them for replacing their biological dad. d) They may have been more wary about getting married, because their new spouse already had children.

According to the text, which is the implicit grandparent "rule"? a) Say no when adult children want you to babysit. b) Never criticize how the grandchildren are being raised. c) Don't have favorites. d) Don't get heavily involved in the grandchildren's lives.

According to the text, which stereotype about midlife is TRUE? a) In non-Western cultures, middle-aged children are happy to care for elderly parents. b) Daughters are the children who provide most elderly care. c) Most people in Western cultures go through a midlife crisis. d) Midlife adults are often pulled between caring for their frail parents and young children.

After 5 years of marriage Victoria and Victor are getting a divorce. According to the research in the text, what might predict this decision? a) Both Victoria and Victor have recently gotten much more dissatisfied with each other. b) Victoria has recently gotten much more dissatisfied with Victor. c) Victor has recently gotten much more dissatisfied with Victoria. d) The couple recently had children.

All things being equal, which married couple is MOST likely to be happy? a) a couple in their thirties b) a recent empty-nest couple c) a couple with young children in the house d) a couple in their forties

Alyshia, age 30, has lived with different partners since she entered her twenties. Alyshia's situation is _____ in the United States today. a) pathological b) fairly common c) very rare d) universal

Anuli was moved from the cancer unit to another hospital section in which health-care providers focus mainly on trying to make him comfortable and promote a dignified death. Anuli is in a(n) _____ unit of the hospital. a) oncology b) palliative-care c) emergency-care d) intensive-care

Dione sees Kiko across the room. He thinks: She's attractive, she's wearing my favorite brand of clothes, and she looks like we might get along. Let me try to start a conversation. According to Murstein's stimulus-value-role theory, Dione is in the _____ phase of mate selection. a) role b) stimulus c) value-comparison d) homogamy

Dr. Developmental is giving a talk on statistical trends in fatherhood over the past three decades. As of 2018 in the United States, he might mention that fathers: a) spend more time with their daughters than with their sons. b) provide more hands-on child care, but still do far less than their wives. c) take less child care responsibility than in the past. d) split the child care equally with their wives.

Dr. Hernandez is discussing sex differences in adult health. Which of the following statements should he make? a) "Women live longer and are healthier than men." b) "Women live longer, but report more adult health problems than men." c) "Men are more likely than women to develop chronic diseases that don't cause death." d) "Women die sooner than men."

Emerging adulthood is a life stage uniquely defined by: a) getting married and having children. b) totally changing one's life. c) learning about the world. d) relating to friends.

From an evolutionary point of view, the main advantage of teenage risk taking is that it: a) causes parents to disengage emotionally from their children. b) pushes young people to venture into the world and experience life. c) helps our species weed out young people who are not fit to reproduce. d) permits society to target which young people are likely to be "bad."

Generalizing from the text interviews, a child's death often: a) makes marriages more distant. b) makes marriages closer. c) has little impact on a marriage. d) is easier if a bereaved parent is single.

Generalizing from the text, which loved one's death is most apt to PERMANENTLY change how people think about life? a) death of a spouse b) a child's death c) a parent's death d) death of a friend

Generalizing from the text, which person will work the MOST hours per week? a) Jiaying, who is a ride operator at Six Flags b) Janet, who is writing this textbook at home c) Justiniana, who is a police officer d) Juan, who clocks in at the office at 9 A.M.

Gilad is devising a questionnaire to predict which United States middle-aged workers are at risk of having serious economic troubles during old age. Which question should he ask? a) Are you a high wage worker? b) Are you working in the gig economy? c) Do you live in the Northeast? d) Are you planning on retiring late?

Hardit's wife is dying of cancer and wants to spend her final days at home. He discovers a program that will provide him with training, emotional support, and a volunteer to stay with his wife for a few hours each week so he can have some relief. This program is called: a) a terminal illness program. b) hospice. c) a palliative-care unit. d) Medicare.

Harriet has many interests, shifted college majors several times, and ended up with a sociology degree. Now, at age 23, she is selling cologne in a department store and trying to figure out what she wants to be when she grows up. Today, Harriet's life path is: a) condemned by our culture. b) fairly normal. c) a sign of immaturity. d) abnormal.

Identify each specific triangular theory of love component: (1) Talia has a crush from afar on that handsome professor; (2) Ramon is Samantha's best friend, but the spark isn't there; (3) Sharon and her husband live totally separate lives, but they would never get a divorce. a) (1) infatuation; (2) true love; (3) commitment alone b) (1) passion; (2) intimacy; (3) commitment alone c) (1) sex; (2) trust; (3) stability d) (1) friendship; (2) trust; (3) unhappiness

If Ray is in his fifties, he should do better than his 20-year-old son on tests of _____ intelligence. a) general b) crystallized c) fluid d) editorial

If families cannot provide care, people with basic ADL problems need a(n): a) day-care program. b) nursing home. c) assisted-living facility. d) continuing-care retirement community.

Imagine you are making a presentation to a U.S. Senate committee about retirement. Which is NOT a pressing retirement-related concern? a) It's hard for laid-off older workers to get new jobs because of age discrimination. b) We need to develop many more options for retirees to volunteer or go back to school. c) There are currently fewer workers to finance Social Security because the huge baby boom cohort has entered later life. d) Most older workers today have inadequate funds for years-long retirement.

In Murstein's stimulus-value-role theory, who is in the stimulus phase of mate selection? a) Joey and Jada are dating and trying to find out if they share values and ideas. b) Joey looks across the room and feels Jada might be right for him. c) Joey and Jada are figuring out if they want to live together. d) Joey and Jada decide that they are too different, and so go their separate ways.

In affluent countries, most people die from: a) infectious illnesses. b) age-related chronic disease. c) an unknown cause. d) homicide or suicide.

The MAIN problem with U.S. services for the elderly who have ADL (activities of daily life) impairments but do not need nursing-home care is their: a) inadequate availability. b) high cost. c) poor quality. d) lack of staff.

In the United States, how important is it to graduate from college in order to get a decent middle-class job? a) fairly important b) very important c) unimportant d) becoming less important

In the United States, nursing homes are mainly financed by _____. a) Medicare b) Medicaid c) Social Security d) pensions

In which nation are female activists revolting against child marriage? a) China b) Saudi Arabia c) India d) South Korea

Jana, who has a young daughter, is considering divorcing her husband. According to the text, which is apt to be her main concern? a) "Will I be able to find another man?" b) "How will divorce affect my children?" c) "Will I feel lonely after I leave?" d) "Can I get a job?

Janet is interested in becoming an actress. All things being equal, she would be MOST attracted to: a) Erol, who is extremely attractive. b) Ezume, who routinely stars in the college plays. c) Eliasz, who is a dedicated scientist. d) Edward, who is very assertive.

Jorgen and Juanita just had their first child. Statistically speaking, this couple will: a) be more loving. b) be less intimate and passionate. c) share the child care equally. d) fight less.

Josh is a typical teen attending a large public high school. Josh is LEAST likely to: a) have friends in crowds of similar social status. b) have friends in every crowd at school. c) stick to just one crowd of friends. d) have friends in a few crowds.

José lives with his two stepchildren. To best predict whether the children see him as their real dad, what is the main question to ask? a) "Does José work full time?" b) "Is Jose a sensitive, caring dad?" c) "Are the children boys?" d) "Are the children girls?"

Kareem, a new father, has decided to stay at home and care for his child while his wife works. According to the text, which of the following may have promoted this choice? a) Kareem's wife believes her husband is not suited for caregiving. b) Kareem's wife earns much more money at her job. c) Kareem has sons. d) Kareem loved his job.

Name the country that BEST fits the following emerging adult life paths: (1) often lives with parents until the early thirties; (2) lives independently with government help; (3) encourages independence but doesn't offer help with financing college and finding a career. a) (1) Sweden; (2) Greece; (3) United States b) (1) Greece; (2) Sweden; (3) United States c) (1) United States; (2) Greece; (3) Sweden d) (1) United States; (2) Sweden; (3) Greece

One underlying message of the later-life driving discussion is that: a) society is doing a great job at weeding out at-risk drivers. b) many at-risk older drivers are probably still on the road. c) it's fairly easy to convince older people not to drive. d) we can clearly decide who should be driving and who should not.

Palliative-care units are LEAST apt to feature: a) comfort care. b) state of the art, cure-oriented treatments. c) state-of-the-art pain-control techniques. d) dignified deaths.

Palliative-care units or services are _____ located in affluent nations. a) sometimes b) almost exclusively c) rarely d) periodically

Parent-teen conflict tends to reach its peak: a) during the early twenties, after a child has left home. b) in the middle of puberty, when hormonal changes are at their height. c) in late adolescence, as the teen is about to leave home for the first time. d) in late elementary school, when parents realize their child is growing up.

People are MOST likely to be in a flow state: a) while daydreaming about their future. b) when engaging in a challenging, compelling activity. c) after being paid a good deal of money. d) after having sex.

Rashid is 14 years old. Based on the research, he is MOST at risk of getting into trouble when he is: a) walking to school. b) with a group of friends. c) alone in his room. d) with his family

Soldad is discussing transformations in family life during the mid-twentieth century. He should say that in the 1950s: a) couples worked and shared the childcare. b) couples were expected to stay married for life. c) cohabitation was common. d) it was ok to have babies without being married.

Statistically speaking, who is most likely to develop ADL impairments in their fifties? a) a male college graduate b) a male high school graduate c) a female college graduate d) a female high school graduate

Surveys suggest that mothers: a) feel closest to sons. b) feel closest to the child who seems most bonded to them. c) love all their children equally. d) feel closest to their first-born

Thao is artistically talented and would like to be a professional painter, but realizes this field is competitive and that artists rarely make a living wage. After considering several possibilities, Thao has decided to become an art teacher, since she also likes children. According to the identity statuses framework, Thao is in identity _____. a) moratorium b) achievement c) foreclosure d) diffusion

The following change in contemporary U.S. attitudes about family life is FALSE: a) People no longer feel they need to stay in an unhappy marriage. b) People no longer want children. c) People no longer feel that men and women must have defined gender roles. d) People no longer feel they need to be married in order to have children.

The median age (the age at which half the population is older and half is younger) has increased dramatically in the developed world because: a) the baby boom generation is dying off. b) life expectancy has risen. c) birth rates have risen. d) people have children at younger ages.

To possibly reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's, what is the BEST strategy? a) Take vitamins. b) Exercise your body. c) Exercise your mind. d) Give up eating red meat.

To predict whether a given 19-year-old is going to finish college, which two questions are MOST important to ask? a) "What is that person's family life like, and does she have many friends?" b) "What were that person's high school grades, and do his parents have money?" c) "Does this person have high scores on intelligence tests, and is she interested in sports?" d) "Will this person join a fraternity, and does he like to have a good time?"

To predict which twenty-something aspiring screen writer is likely to win an Oscar at fifty, which is the MOST relevant question to ask? a) Is this person female or male? b) How creative is this person now? c) Is this person wealthy or not? d) Where did this person go to school?

What is the BEST critique of Marcia's concept of identity achievement? a) This state rarely occurs in a person's life, even for a short time. b) Because people shift goals throughout life, identity achievement isn't final in the twenties. c) Identity achievement takes place in a person's forties, not in the twenties. d) Identity achievement occurs at a younger age than Marcia believed.

When Erikson said that midlife adults have to resolve the conflict of generativity versus stagnation, he meant that people must: a) be productive or feel bored and stuck. b) believe they are enriching the lives of others or feel purposeless. c) be parents or feel depressed. d) be mentally stimulated or become rigid in their thinking.

When Sam, an emerging adult in the United States, moves out of his parent's house, he might expect: a) a worse relationship with his parents. b) continued close contact with his parents. c) to be treated less like an adult. d) more distant and angry feelings from his parents.

When Zoe, aged 75, goes down the stairs, she moves slowly and cautiously because she is afraid of falling and ending up in a nursing home. Zoe is: a) making her condition worse. b) acting appropriately. c) being overly paranoid. d) especially concerned about breaking an arm.

When she reached puberty, Dora became incredibly withdrawn and distant from her parents, but recently she has been reaching out to confide in her mother. According to the research, Dora's behavior is: a) normal for both daughters and sons during the mid- to later teens. b) normal for daughters during the mid- to later teens, but not for sons. c) abnormal during the younger teenage years. d) abnormal throughout the teenage years.

Which U.S. older person is LEAST likely to want to enter hospice? a) Chloe, who lives with her daughters b) Churagh, an African American c) Carl, who has cancer d) Consuela, who lives with her husband

Which age-related chronic disease is MOST apt to limit social relationships? a) osteoporosis b) hearing impairments c) heart disease d) arthritis

Which couple is MOST likely to find the transition to parenthood a total relationship disaster? a) The McFarlands, who were in their forties when their baby was born b) The Okafors, who argued a good deal before the baby was born c) The Pearlmans, who just adopted an older child d) The Zhaos, who had clearly defined gender roles before the baby was born

Which emerging adult is MOST likely to stay in the nest to help his or her family? a) a young person from the southern United States b) a Latino young person c) a young person from Sweden d) a European American young person

Which group is MOST likely to survive for years while physically impaired? a) men b) women c) rich people d) poor people

Which intellectual ability is MOST likely to improve with age? a) how quickly a person can clean a house b) vocabulary c) how quickly someone can think of new words d) how well a person can learn a computer game

Which is NOT a typical reaction during the first months of bereavement? a) sensing the dead person's physical presence b) feeling angry about one's loss c) ruminating about the dead loved one d) obsessing over the person's last days

Which is a basic problem with adopting a "stage model of death"? a) It ignores the fact that stages occur at different rates. b) It allows other people to distance themselves emotionally from dying loved ones. c) It ignores the fact some people die more quickly than others. d) It gets people too emotionally involved with dying loved ones.

Which person probably had the LONGEST health span? a) Jamila, who died at age 90 after being disabled in a ski accident at age 35 b) Jim, who died at age 80 in a ski accident c) Joel, who died at age 80 after living with congestive heart disease for a decade d) Jocasta, who died at age 90 after living in a nursing home for a decade

Which personality change is LEAST likely to occur during emerging adulthood? a) thinking through options in making life decisions b) becoming intensely self-absorbed c) becoming more mature d) developing better self-control

Which phrase BEST describes the typical path of U.S. emerging adults? a) smoothly and consistently moving toward full adulthood b) encourages independence, but makes it difficult to finance an adult life c) never fully becoming adult d) becoming adult at a young age

Which statement is MOST likely true if a child gets into serious trouble as a teen? a) It's only a problem if the child is a boy. b) It may be adolescence-limited turmoil, specific to this phase of life. c) It's no problem since all teens straighten out by their twenties. d) She will almost certainly continue to have problems as an adult.

Which student is in identity diffusion? a) Mai, who always assumed she would be a nurse, but is now questioning that goal b) Coty, who says he can't imagine himself as an adult c) Farah, who flits from major to major because she is interested in so many fields d) Akin, who has no idea what he wants to do for a living but feels confident that he will figure it out

Why, according to the text, are scientists pessimistic about extending the human maximum lifespan? a) People love to eat more than they should. b) Aging has complex causes, so a single antiaging intervention won't work. c) People will always die of accidents. d) People will always die of infectious diseases.

William is caring and sensitive to his partner, capable of reaching out in love. William has a(n) _____ attachment style. a) preoccupied b) secure c) avoidant d) ambivalent

With all things being equal, which is the MOST likely prediction for a couple with a daughter and son? a) Both the daughter and son will be equally likely to graduate from college and earn roughly the same pay. b) The daughter will be more likely to graduate from college, but the son will earn more. c) The daughter will be more likely to graduate from college and earn more. d) The son will be more likely to graduate from college and earn more.

When did Western nations develop the idea that marriage should be based on love and last a lifetime? a) the 1960s b) since the Middle Ages c) the early twentieth century d) the 1800s

According to surveys, certified nursing assistants (CNAs) who provide the hands-on care in nursing homes: a) are satisfied with their pay, especially in the United States. b) have trouble forming caring relationships with residents. c) feel their work is meaningful. d) are mainly in it for the money

A grandma complains, "Mothers don't spend time with their children like they did in my day." Knowing the research, what should her grandchild answer? a) "True, but only because people now leave teaching to the schools and don't help with children's homework." b) "True, but this only applies to single moms who must work." c) "Absolutely false. Mothers—both stay-at-home and working—spend more time with their children today." d) "True, but this only applies to mothers who work full time at high-stress jobs."

A person is NOT likely to be happy in retirement if he: a) worked at a high-pressure job. b) is single. c) has inadequate income. d) is married.

A person who is generative is committed to: a) generating ideas. b) accumulating goods and feeling more self-confident. c) nurturing other people's development and making a difference in the world. d) having children.

A 14-year-old heterosexual girl hangs out with a large mixed-gender group of boys and girls. If she follows the traditional progression to romance, the next stage is: a) dating one-on-one. b) hanging out in an even larger crowd. c) having a smaller mixed-gender clique. d) hanging out in a single-sex clique.

A Greek emerging adult, compared to his German counterpart, is more likely to: a) happily explore life. b) cohabit with a significant other. c) live in the nest. d) support himself.

According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study, people can expect to reach their intellectual peak in their _____. a) twenties b) thirties c) late forties or fifties d) teens

Barika is offering suggestions for having a fulfilling college experience. Which of the following is NOT a statement she should make? a) "Get personally connected with a professor." b) "Do internships or volunteer work to help find your career identity." c) "Avoid extracurricular activities, and focus mainly on your studies." d) "Get involved in college life."

Based on the research, the BEST strategy for staying passionately connected to a mate is to: a) spend time away from each other, as distance promotes enchantment. b) be together around the house. c) do mutually exciting things together. d) plan family activities.

Based on the text, what is the BEST strategy when having a conflict or difference of opinion with a spouse? a) Press ones' significant other to fully express his feelings. b) Be open and let the feelings all hang out. c) Keep to the issue and don't get personally hurtful. d) Keep angry feelings to oneself.

Based on the text, which gay person is MOST likely to have mental health problems? a) Claudia, who is being raised by a same-sex couple b) a U.S. teenager coming out as gay in 2015 c) a woman who says she is heterosexual but reports having strong same-sex attractions d) Henryk, who is in a committed same-sex relationship

Emerging adulthood refers to: a) the delayed development of twenty-somethings who should already be mature. b) late adolescence when teens emerge from the house. c) the time from the end of high school to the late twenties when people construct an adult life. d) when the body is changing from its childhood to its adult form.

Generalizing from the text, as the economy improves: a) work priorities are apt to stay the same. b) work priorities will change, but in an unpredictable way. c) intrinsic career rewards will be more vital to work satisfaction. d) extrinsic career rewards will be more vital to work satisfaction.

Generalizing from the text, if the United States enters a recession, society can expect: a) less cohabitation and more marriages. b) no impact on either marriage or cohabitation. c) more cohabitation and fewer people getting married. d) more marriages and far less cohabitation.

Generalizing from the text, if the economy gets worse: a) work priorities will change, but in an unpredictable way. b) work priorities will stay the same. c) extrinsic career rewards will be more vital to work satisfaction. d) intrinsic career rewards will become more vital to work satisfaction.

Generalizing from the text, what is a core attribute of wisdom? a) knowing that you have all of the answers to life b) understanding that life outcomes are always predictable c) looking at issues from various perspectives d) realizing that success comes if a person works very hard

Generalizing from the text, which health-care specialty prides itself on being the primary advocate for patients' needs? a) orderlies b) doctors c) nurses d) physical therapists

Generalizing from the text, which is the MOST legitimate concern about using hospice? a) wanting to avoid loved ones b) being out of control of one's treatment c) being reluctant to burden family members d) the enormous expense

Generalizing from the text, which memory situation is easiest? a) remembering on what day you met a person b) remembering where you met a person c) recognizing you already met a person d) remembering a person's name

If Angel and Alexio have a wonderful relationship, they are MOST apt to see each other: a) as identical in personality. b) as passionate, unpredictable human beings. c) as absolutely terrific, one another's "ideal." d) realistically, just the way others see them.

If Grandma Nadira has a hearing impairment, which sound will she hear BEST? a) the server taking an order in a crowded restaurant b) her 8-year-old granddaughter talking c) a car approaching in the driveway d) the flute in a local orchestra

If an emerging adult believes he or she is "off time" in his or her social clock, how is this person most likely to feel? a) calm and serene b) joyful and exuberant c) worried and anxious d) No predictions are possible.

If someone lived in the nineteenth century, death would probably come: a) during old age. b) slowly, after years being ill. c) quickly after suddenly getting ill. d) in a hospital surrounded by doctors.

If you poll young people in the United States today, what comment are you MOST apt to hear? a) "I plan to cohabit, but only to decide if I want to marry this person." b) "I don't plan to get married, because it's just a piece of paper and I'll do perfectly fine if I just live with my love." c) " I want to make sure that I know who I am and be economically secure before I get married." d) "I expect to get married and divorced at least once."

In counseling couples whose son has died, which advice might a psychologist recommend? a) "Don't discuss your feelings to keep from upsetting your spouse." b) "Assume that this tragedy will weaken your marriage." c) "Give the child's death meaning by working to improve other people's lives." d) "Get rid of the child's possessions, as keeping reminders around is too upsetting."

In taking this chapter test, which item will MOST likely elicit wise thinking? a) remembering the list of qualities involved in wisdom b) answering multiple-choice items to pick out wisdom c) embracing different ways of conceptualizing wisdom d) defining wisdom on Wikipedia

In the work world today: a) mainly "female" and "male" professions are a thing of the past. b) women care more about their jobs than their children. c) men earn more than women. d) females who work full time earn as much as full-time working men.

Jolene is 72. Based on the text, she is apt to describe herself as: a) old-old. b) middle-aged. c) either middle-aged or elderly. d) elderly.

Juanita is thrilled to be taking human development next semester from Dr. Ada, who won the "best teacher award" 5 years ago, but she is worried as this terrific teacher is now age 68. Having read this chapter, what should a friend suggest? a) "Terrible idea—college teaching depends mainly on fluid skills." b) "Terrible idea—crystallized skills sharply decline by the mid-sixties." c) "Give it a shot—Dr. Ada should still be great, provided he doesn't have a serious illness." d) "Go for it—crystallized skills begins to decline in later life."

Martez is entering his teens. Statistically speaking, which is a good prediction for Martez? a) becoming unhappy b) taking more risks when he is alone c) becoming more emotional d) drinking alcohol on a regular basis

Mrs. Jones has a hearing impairment; Mrs. Segal has impaired vision. Who is MOST likely to have problems specifically relating to people? a) Mrs. Segal b) neither woman c) Mrs. Jones d) both women equally

Of the following, which is NOT an implicit message for men based on the research exploring the transition to parenthood? a) Be a terrific dad. b) Expect having children to change your marriage. c) Becoming a father always wreaks havoc on married life. d) Work on your marital communication skills before having a child.

Ogun has no interest in anything and feels totally blocked. According to the identity status framework, Ogun is in _____. a) moratorium b) foreclosure c) diffusion d) achievement

One implication of the work section of the text is that twenty-first-century employers: a) pay full-time working women almost as much as men. b) no longer discriminate against mothers. c) still want workers to make work their main priority. d) are much more sensitive to a worker's need to take family time.

People should NOT recommend home hospice to someone who is terrified of: a) intensive care units. b) being hooked up to machines. c) burdening family members with the caregiving. d) dying alone.

People who retire in their early sixties can expect to live for about _____ more years. a) 10 b) 2 c) 20 d) 6

Phyllis has a very demanding job. Despite working full time, she tries to spend several hours a day playing with and teaching her children. Still, she feels guilty, especially if her children are not getting straight As or if they misbehave. According to the text, Phyllis is a(n): a) unusually dedicated U.S. working mother. b) abnormally guilty U.S. working mother. c) typical U.S. working mother. d) atypical U.S. working mother.

Pick the correct example of each kind of advance directive in order: (1) filled out by a mentally competent person; (2) filled out by family members and physicians when a person is mentally impaired. a) (1) living will; (2) durable power of attorney for health care b) (1) Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order; (2) Do Not Hospitalize (DNH) order c) (1) durable power of attorney for health care; (2) Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order d) (1) Do Not Hospitalize (DNH) order; (2) living will

Pick the correct stimulus-value-role phases: (1) Joey looks across the room and feels Jada might be right for him; (2) Joey and Jada are figuring out their wedding plans; (3) Joey and Jada are dating and trying to find out if they share values and ideas. a) (1) value-comparison phase; (2) role phase; (3) stimulus phase b) (1) role phase; (2) value-comparison phase; (3) stimulus phase c) (1) stimulus phase; (2) role phase; (3) value phase d) (1) stimulus phase; (2) value-comparison phase; (3) role phase

Put the following nations in the correct order: (1) richer after retirement—at least until recently; (2) no government-funded retirement; (3) basic or minimal government assistance, but not much more. a) (1) the United States; (2) Germany; (3) Mexico b) (1) China; (2) the United States; (3) Germany c) (1) Germany; (2) Mexico; (3) the United States d) (1) Germany; (2) the United States; (3) Jamaica

Putting off getting seriously romantically involved until an older age: a) is rarer today than in the past. b) is a terrific thing. c) may be reasonable but has downsides. d) is common in every society.

Ramon's parents have decided to enroll him in technical school. Ramon has not really thought about the issue and decides to passively go along. Marcia might label Ramon as in identity: a) diffusion, because he is still unclear about his future. b) moratorium, because he is putting off any thoughts of the future. c) foreclosure, because he is uncritically accepting his parents' decision. d) achievement, because he now has a life plan.

Riley is devising a questionnaire to predict who is likely to finish school and have a satisfying experience. Which item should NOT be on his scale? a) Are you friends with a professor? b) Do you need to work full time to finance school? c) Are you close to your family? d) Are you involved in campus activities and clubs?

Rosanna, age 65, describes her 40-year marriage to Rodolfo: "For the first few years, it was wonderful. We were so in love. Then, during the next decades, things became rocky until the kids left the house and we fell in love again." According to the U-shaped curve of marital satisfaction, this marriage is: a) prone to fall apart in the old-old years. b) unusual. c) typical. d) destined to get worse if Rosanna or her husband become ill.

Statistically speaking, during emerging adulthood, personality: a) stays exactly the same. b) changes for the worse. c) changes for the better. d) changes for the better, but only if kids are already very well adjusted.

Statistically speaking, during middle age body dissatisfaction: a) increases for both sexes. b) increases for women. c) stays about the same for women. d) decreases for men.

Studies show that the main identity issue for biracial or multiracial adults is feeling: a) guilty at rejecting one aspect of one's roots. b) angry at their parents. c) at loose ends without any ethnic home. d) angry at the mainstream culture.

Teyo still yearns for her son who died in an accident 4 years ago. According to the text, this response is: a) a sign that Teyo was an excellent mom. b) pathological, as by now Teyo should have come to terms with her loss. c) normal, as losing a child is life's most traumatic event. d) a sign that Teyo had an ambivalent relationship with her son.

The MAIN problem with assuming that dying occurs at a particular time is that these predictions: a) produce emotional distance. b) cause staff conflicts. c) often can be wrong. d) discriminate against older adults.

The main change in Western dying practices is that now people think it's important to: a) die in a hospital. b) witness death in person, or "in the flesh." c) discuss and plan their death. d) have doctors heavily involved in terminal care.

The main sign of "recovering" from mourning is: a) not missing the person who has died. b) stopping crying. c) finding meaning and taking pleasure in life. d) no longer feeling upset about the death.

To determine whether extrinsic rewards play a vital role in a worker's job satisfaction, which question is LEAST relevant to ask? a) Are you struggling economically? b) Are you married, with kids? c) Are you highly motivated? d) Do you need to support your family?

To help connect academics to a career, which of the following is NOT a helpful tip? a) Set up independent studies or internships related to your courses. b) Join college organizations to explore what you might be interested in. c) Choose the most difficult courses to challenge yourself. d) Get personally connected to a professor.

Today, people are LEAST likely to die _____. a) of chronic disease b) in old age c) in youth d) slowly

Today, same-sex romance is: a) still severely condemned in the West. b) destined to cause serious problems in family relationships. c) much more widely accepted, but it still can cause problems for some kids. d) totally accepted.

Today, the main goal for scientists studying dementia is to: a) understand why small strokes develop. b) develop better methods for scanning the brain. c) prevent the development of amyloid and Tau. d) devise better mnemonic techniques.

U.S. nest-leaving by emerging adults is MOST apt to: a) make people very anxious. b) promote homesickness in young people. c) improve family relationships. d) make parent-child relations more distant.

What is a cyberspace sign that a love relationship may be in trouble? a) preferring in person communication b) enjoying sexting one another c) changing one's on-line status from "in a relationship" to "single" d) not soliciting new friends on social media sites

What is a quality of a highly generative adult? a) having distant family members b) being calm and mellow c) being sensitive to other people's suffering from a young age d) suffering depression after a traumatic event

What is the bottom-line chapter message with regard to women, men, and work? a) Workforce discrimination is the only reason why males out-earn females. b) Gender differences in the workforce no longer exist. c) Society sees work as more important for males than females. d) Women no longer prioritize motherhood over work.

When a terminally ill person is hospitalized, health-care workers are MOST apt to: a) hold off on using heroic treatments. b) communicate well with families. c) make predictions about when the person is likely to die. d) agree about which treatment strategies to use.

Which is NOT a statement that is true of same-sex relationships? a) Most parents of gay kids accept and love their daughters and sons. b) Children raised in gay families are less likely than in the past to show problems with gender identity or mental health. c) Gay kids today never have family problems when they come out. d) Lesbian partners may relate more harmoniously than heterosexual couples.

Which is a bottom-line implication of the divorce discussion? a) Divorce can enhance self-efficacy and sexual feelings, but only for men. b) Divorce is a fairly easy decision for contemporary adults. c) If a marriage just isn't all that fulfilling, people are at risk of feeling worse after divorce. d) Divorcing couples rarely argue over children.

Which is a major transformation in how contemporary emerging adults find love? a) more interest in finding committed relationships during the twenties b) less interracial and interethnic dating c) same-sex relationships are far more acceptable than in the past d) in person dating

Which is an example of a divided attention task? a) looking at the professor's PowerPoints while listening to a lecture b) writing on the computer while listening to a professor's lecture c) checking Facebook while listening to a professor's lecture d) taking notes while listening to a professor's lecture

Which is the MOST common way people die today? a) after steadily declining from some illness, such as cancer b) due to bacterial infections for which there is no medication c) after a prolonged period of ups and downs when battling a fatal chronic disease d) suddenly, due to an accident, heart attack, or stroke

Which man is at risk of feeling worse after divorcing his wife? a) Tomi, who continually fought viciously with his wife b) Taciano, who was in an abusive relationship with his spouse c) Ted, whose marriage was fairly satisfying but just not exciting d) Thanos, who doesn't have children

Which of the following has over half of its elderly population in the labor force? a) the United States b) Germany c) Mexico d) the United Kingdom

Which of the following is an advance directive? a) dying trajectory b) hospice care c) living will d) palliative care

Which person is NOT coping productively with a teenaged son's death? a) Mathew, who takes comfort in the fact that he was able to say good-bye to his son b) Maria, who turns for support to her spouse c) Mark, who gives his son's possessions away immediately to block painful memories from his mind d) Marina, who makes a commitment to following her son's life passions

Which physician is NOT practicing passive euthanasia? a) Dr. Jones holds off giving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during a heart attack to a nursing-home resident with a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order in that person's chart. b) Dr. Shura withdraws a terminally ill patient's feeding tube when that person has specified, "I don't want heroic life-saving measures." c) Dr. Nedler prescribes a lethal drug to a terminally ill patient who wants to end his life. d) Dr. Lim does not transfer a nursing-home resident with a Do Not Hospitalize (DNH) order to the nearest medical center when she gets a high fever.

Who is MOST likely to be depressed? a) a 70-year-old who has never married b) a 100-year-old who is married, with close friends c) a 90-year-old who is socially isolated and physically frail d) a 65-year-old who has just retired

Who is MOST likely to see her skills improve as she moves through middle age? a) Ai, an assembly-line worker b) Bahadir, a dancer c) Dinora, a CEO d) Janet, an air-traffic controller

Who is most likely to be unemployed and still live with their parents? a) Longwei, who isn't married and lives in Denmark b) Mario, who lives in Norway c) Sophie, who lives in Spain d) Dolly, who is from the United States

Who is most likely to feel worried about being "off time" in his social clock? a) Jaime, who graduated from college at age 23 b) Pete, age 21, who changed his major and so won't graduate for an additional year c) Li, age 40, who decides to change careers and go to medical school d) Faron, who is marrying Freda right after grad school, at age 28

Who is most likely to never be married during adult life? a) Andria, who has a graduate degree b) Alisha, who is upper middle class c) Amanda, who never went to college d) Audra, who became an engineer

_____ memory resides in a lower-brain center, and stays intact even into Alzheimer's disease. a) Semantic b) Easy c) Procedural d) Episodic

"Don't transfer this person to the hospital if she becomes seriously ill." This order is typically filled out by: a) older people who dislikes traditional medical care. b) older adults who don't want heroic end-of-life care. c) doctors and family members for elderly people living in their homes. d) doctors and family members for impaired nursing-home residents.

A teenage girl understands she is dying of cancer. Based on the text, what is the best advice to give her distraught parents? a) "Don't discuss death with your daughter; you'll feel guilty later on." b) "You'll feel better not bringing up that stressful topic, so don't discuss death with your daughter." c) "You'll be adding to your child's distress, so don't discuss death with your daughter." d) "It might help ease your pain if you discuss death with your daughter, so don't be afraid."

According to evolutionary psychologists, menopause evolved to offer: a) women time to be free to do what they want. b) males a chance to have sex without being afraid of getting women pregnant. c) young females first dibs at getting mates. d) an extra generation of caregivers to help promote survival of the young.

According to the U-shaped curve of marital satisfaction: a) marriage has curves and waves. b) marriages depend on you. c) marital happiness goes up and down in a curve. d) after the honeymoon, marital happiness steadily decreases, but then rises again at the empty nest stage.

According to the text, mothers: a) love all their children equally. b) prefer their first-born child. c) favor their best-looking child. d) prefer the child who seems most attached to them.

According to the text, today the "fatherhood role" is a(n) _____ job. a) clearly defined b) unpleasant c) irrelevant d) ambiguous, poorly defined

After being given a series of tests by his physician, a 50-year-old gets a summary score ranking him at the 90th percentile, health-wise, for his age. What is a legitimate conclusion? a) This person is not taking care of his health. b) This person's cognitive performance has declined more than the average adult his age. c) This person has a job that requires little interaction with others. d) The measure tapped allostatic load.

An elderly widow wants to make sure her end-of-life wishes are implemented, but she is unsure which document to sign. Based on the research, an attorney should recommend: a) completing a DNH order. b) completing a standard living will. c) filling out a very specific living will, explaining exactly which medical interventions she does and does not want. d) giving a durable power of attorney for health care to a specific child, then making sure she repeatedly tells the whole family what she wants.

Anat and Cyril have just become parents. Statistically speaking, this couple is apt to: a) become happier. b) argue less. c) adopt less defined gender roles. d) become less intimate and passionate.

Aracelly is an emerging adult. Based on the research, as Aracelly travels into her fifties, she should grow more: a) self-centered and rigid. b) insecure and frightened. c) depressed and moody. d) altruistic and self-confident.

Based on the text discussion, when a mentally competent person decides to fill out an advance directive specifying end-of-life care, the BEST option is a: a) Do Not Hospitalize (DNH) order. b) living will. c) Do not Resuscitate (DNR) order. d) durable power of attorney for health care.

Based on the text, Alzheimer's caregivers: a) feel incredibly competent. b) feel comfortable putting their loved ones in a nursing home. c) have a relatively easy time. d) can grow as human beings through this incredibly stressful experience.

Compared to Germany, the Social Security system's financial support for U.S. retirees is _____. a) varies, depending on the individual b) about average c) excellent d) meager (or poor)

Dementia most often strikes: a) all people in their nineties. b) people in their late sixties. c) people who don't take care of their health. d) people in their mid-eighties and beyond.

Erik Erikson's developmental life task for people in their twenties is to develop: a) generativity. b) initiative by doing more things for oneself. c) trust. d) intimacy through a close partner relationship.

Erikson's adolescent life task involves deciding: a) how hard to work toward one's goals. b) how to best nurture others. c) who to trust as an adult. d) what kind of person to be as an adult.

For most of human history, death was common: a) in old age. b) in old age, but only among the affluent. c) during the middle of the lifespan. d) at all ages.

Gayle and Deshaun are devising a questionnaire to predict how well particular widows are likely to cope. Which question is NOT relevant to include in the scale? a) Was your spouse upbeat and happy? b) Are you living in a retirement community? c) Did you have a terrific marital relationship? d) Do you have children?

Generalizing from the text, dying patients often are: a) in total denial about their illness. b) passionate to know all the details about their illness. c) passionate to talk about their illness. d) wary about talking about their illness.

Generalizing from the text, pick the best phrase describing care of the dying: a) exceptional in affluent world regions. b) dismal around the world. c) getting better, especially in less affluent world regions. d) dismal, especially in less affluent world regions.

Generalizing from the text, why might a student be likely to get the best grades in his major? a) The material in these courses is easiest. b) The material in these courses is most in depth c) The material in these courses is hardest d) The material in these courses is most personally interesting.

Grigori says, "I want to be free to play the field. Commitment isn't for me." Jori says, "When I'm in a relationship, I expect my partner to be available 24/7 to me." Grigori and Jori's respective attachment styles are: a) (Grigori) dismissive/ambivalent; (Jori) avoidant/preoccupied. b) (Grigori) secure; (Jori) insecure. c) (Grigori) preoccupied/ambivalent; (Jori) avoidant/dismissive. d) (Grigori) avoidant/dismissive; (Jori) preoccupied/ambivalent.

Halima and Dmitri are constructing a scale to predict when a woman is more likely to quit her job. Which of the following items should be included? a) Did your family pet get sick? b) Are you working at a female-type job? c) Is your main commitment to your spouse? d) Are you married and pregnant?

Hank is an avid reader. As he reaches his seventies, however, it is hard for him to stay awake as he reads, especially at night. Which approach SPECIFICALLY involves using selection? a) buying books on tape as a backup for the times when reading is too difficult b) deciding to read during the morning when Hank tends to be most alert c) reading complex books to stretch his skills d) cutting down on other activities that are less vital in Hank's life

If Sophia lived in the nineteenth century, she would probably die: a) in old age. b) in middle age. c) of a chronic disease. d) of an infectious disease.

If a terminally ill person in the United States won't consider hospice, pick the LEAST reasonable explanation? a) The person does not want to admit that death is near. b) The doctor is reluctant to make a referral. c) The person does not want to burden family members. d) Medicare refuses to pay for this service.

If his goal is to stay intellectually sharp as he ages, Joe should NOT consider which career? a) journalism b) nursing c) teaching d) long-distance truck driving

In order, list an example of an instrumental ADL (activities of daily living) and a basic ADL (activities of daily life) impairment. a) trouble feeding oneself; trouble cooking b) trouble cleaning house; trouble cooking c) trouble dressing oneself; trouble cooking d) trouble cooking; trouble feeding oneself

Jorge and Edna are affluent, in their mid-seventies, and in relatively good health. Their three-bedroom house is more than they have the energy to care for, and they worry what will happen as they get older and frailer. Drawing on the text, which alternative might be BEST for this couple? a) a day-care program b) an assisted-living facility c) home health services d) a continuing-care retirement community

Kemal has a fatal disease. Based on the text, her main feeling is MOST apt to be _____. a) anger b) bargaining c) depression d) hope

Knowing how to dress is in _____ memory, the most resilient memory system. a) semantic b) episodic c) cortical d) procedural

Kohlberg would NOT agree with which statement? a) "Moral development takes place in the teens." b) "Few people reason at the highest postconventional level." c) "Most adults end up reasoning at the conventional stage." d) "During elementary school, people begin to develop their moral code for life."

Mark ranks low on conscientiousness at age 35. At age 65, which is NOT a good prediction for Mark? a) Mark will be a distant dad. b) Mark will be unsuccessful in a career. c) Mark will have failed relationships. d) Mark will have many grandchildren.

Morton is devising a questionnaire to predict the chance of a marriage lasting happily. Based on the research, which item should NOT be on his list? a) Do you take pleasure in sacrificing your needs to make your partner happy? b) Do you give your partner space to make his or her own decisions about life? c) Are you affectionate and positive with your mate? d) Are you totally open and honest, even when this behavior might cause your partner pain?

Mr. Yeo, age 60, has early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Generalizing from the text, if scientists examine his brain, they are LEAST likely to find: a) amyloid. b) senile plaques. c) neurofibrillary tangles. d) small strokes.

Of the following, which is NOT an implicit message of the research exploring the transition to parenthood? a) Work on marital communication skills before having a child. b) Never have children to save a marriage. c) Expect having children to change a marriage. d) Becoming parents always wreaks havoc on married life.

On easy memory tasks, older people perform: a) better or worse than the young, depending on the test. b) better than the young. c) far worse than the young. d) almost as well as the young.

Peggy is 20 years old and a junior in college. First, she declared her major in early childhood education. Last month, she told her mother she was going to change her major to psychology. This morning, she announced that she wants to major in criminal justice. Marcia would label Peggy as in identity _____. a) foreclosure b) achievement c) diffusion d) moratorium

People who are contemplating leaving a spouse: a) typically feel much better after they divorce. b) feel confident they will make the right decision. c) typically feel much worse after they divorce. d) constantly weigh the costs and benefits.

Research suggests that early-maturing girls are apt to be more: a) socially withdrawn and emotionally isolated than their peers. b) well-adjusted and happier than their peers. c) academically advanced than their peers. d) depressed and get into trouble with "acting out" activities more than their peers.

Research suggests that socioeconomic status: a) matters a good deal in finishing college, but only when U.S. students are at the bottom of the class. b) matters a good deal in completing college, but only when U.S. students rank in the middle of the class. c) makes no difference in college completion when U.S. young people are academically talented. d) makes a huge difference in the chance of finishing college even when U.S. young people are highly academically talented.

Serge was an "acting out" and impulsive teen. If he finds a satisfying and flow-inducing job, during his twenties, Serge may: a) end up in jail. b) stay exactly the same. c) "act out" even more. d) be able to put his life together.

Some days Mituo accepts the fact that she is dying, and sometimes she still talks about taking that cruise she planned for next year. The name for this psychological process is _____ knowledge. a) partial b) shallow c) final d) middle

Soria lives in the Middle East, and Susan lives in America. Which woman will have much more trouble if she wants to divorce? a) no predictions are possible b) Susan c) both women equally d) Soria

Statistically speaking, which contemporary emerging adult has the MOST difficulty becoming financially independent? a) Sven, who lives in Denmark b) Wilma, who lives in Norway c) Steven, who lives in Sweden d) Nicoleta, who lives in Greece

The main advantage to being self-employed is: a) getting higher pay. b) having more creative jobs. c) working fewer hours. d) being able to design your own hours.

The main disadvantage to being self-employed is: a) fewer jobs. b) no time off. c) no fixed schedule. d) no job security.

Theresa is a U.S. nursing home aide. She is LEAST likely to complain about: a) too few people on staff to provide adequate care. b) resident abuse. c) the incredibly low pay. d) being unable to get close to residents.

Today _____ are more likely to graduate from college. a) U.S. Westerners b) U.S. Southerners c) men d) women

Today, Swedish emerging adults: a) have difficulty supporting themselves. b) live in the nest. c) typically marry young. d) get free government-funded university attendance.

Using Kohlberg's terms, identify the level of moral reasoning in each statement: (1) "He only cares if he gets punished or rewarded"; (2) "He has a personal code of ethics that transcends what society says"; (3) "His morality is focused on what the culture says is legal or right." a) (1) premoral; (2) postmoral; (3) traditionally moral b) (1) postconventional; (2) preconventional; (3) conventional c) (1) conventional; (2) preconventional; (3) postconventional d) (1) preconventional; (2) postconventional; (3) conventional

What does "homogamy" in mate selection mean? a) People select same-sex mates. b) People select partners who are homogenous. c) Mate selection occurs via similar attachment styles. d) People select partners with similar values and attitudes.

What is the MAIN difference between the U.S. retirement philosophy and the German approach? a) Germany wants more people to retire at a young age. b) The United States wants older people to retire in comfort. c) Germany discourages retirement at any age. d) The United States puts the main burden on saving for retirement on the individual.

What is the text's bottom-line message relating to hospital care? a) Patients almost always have problems with the quality of care. b) Patients need to be discharged as early as possible. c) Patients rarely have problems with the quality of care. d) Patients need to feel respected as human beings.

When Jake gives up his own needs for his partner's well-being, these actions will tend to: a) not be necessary if Jake is really in love. b) set up an imbalance and so make Jake feel used. c) result in divorce. d) help the relationship lovingly survive.

When older adults have permanently impaired vision, the text suggests these people may often feel: a) a sense of relief. b) angry. c) closer to loved ones. d) dependent, embarrassed, and depressed.

Which comment best embodies the principles of socioemotional selectivity theory? a) "I only have a short time to live because I'm 80, so I'll try to meet as many new people as I can." b) "Now that I'm 80, I might as well withdraw from the world." c) "What happens now doesn't matter, because, now that I'm 80, my best years have passed." d) "What makes me happy now is my focus, because I'm 80 and I only have a short time to live."

Which dad is MOST likely to spend the most time in hands-on child care? a) Ezra, who works 50 hours a week b) Emem, who had a distant, uninvolved dad c) Eiko, who is considering marrying the mother of his children d) Emerico, who takes great pleasure in being a nurturer father

Which emerging adult fits Marcia's identity foreclosure status? a) After exploring different paths, a person knows where she wants to go in life. b) A person immediately knows what he wants in life. c) A person slowly develops a sense of where she wants to go in life. d) A person automatically accepts his parents' ideas of what to do in life.

Which is a force that protects early-maturing girls from getting into trouble? a) not getting involved with younger friends b) living in a liberal society c) living in a rural area d) having close family relationships

Which is a primary sexual characteristic? a) skin changes b) breast development c) body hair development d) menstruation

Which is common among today's U.S. emerging adults? a) getting married in the early twenties b) staying in the nest to avoid work c) leaving the nest around age 25 d) moving in and out of the nest

Which man is suffering from pathological grief? a) Tom was relieved after his wife died of Alzheimer's disease. b) Tim didn't cry much after his wife died. c) Terry began to date 3 months after his wife's death. d) Ted can't function at all 3 years after his wife's death.

Which of the following BEST describes trends in the number of caregiving grandparents? a) lower than in the past b) about the same as in the past c) fluctuating dramatically, depending on the year d) higher than in the past

Which of the following words or phrases BEST describes the quality of the school-to-work transition in the United States? a) better at 4-year schools than community colleges b) great c) so, so d) lousy

Which older person is taking a bridge job? a) Margaret, who works repairing bridges b) Mario, who works at reduced hours for his old law firm c) Max, who bridges his time between two jobs d) Maria, who works part time at the supermarket after retiring as an accountant

Which person has a traditional stable career? a) Suki, a nurse who is always able to find a stable job at various hospitals b) Sloan, who works at the local stable with horses c) Shondra, a psychologist whose mission is to get people emotionally stable d) Stuart, who has tenure and has been teaching at a university for the past 30 years

Which phrase is accurate in summing up opinion regarding assisted suicide? a) It is accepted world-wide. b) It is accepted by clergy people. c) It is rejected world-wide. d) It is accepted in Western Europe and the United States.

Which popular elementary school child is at risk of declining in social status in high school? a) Josiah, who adores sports b) Anton, who has many friends c) Lien, who loves to party d) Ashia, who is highly intellectual and academic

Which quality does NOT predict whether relationships flourish? a) a partner who embodies the person's ideal self b) terrific personality traits c) secure attachment styles d) sexual passion

Which statement about marriage is FALSE? a) Young people who marry tend to be a select, "better off" group. b) Married people are wealthier. c) Married people are healthier. d) It's better to be in an unhappy marriage than live a single life.

Which suggestion will help make college a flow experience? a) focusing only on studies in order to get the best possible grades b) avoiding contact with professors c) refraining from wasting time with internships d) becoming involved in campus life

Which three nations have the "oldest" populations? a) Sweden, China, and Russia b) China, Japan, and India c) China, the United States, and Russia d) Italy, Japan, and Germany

Which woman is LEAST likely to complain about being distant from a grandchild? a) a grandma whose son and daughter-in-law have just moved across the country b) a grandma whose son is getting divorced c) a grandma of a teen or emerging adult d) a grandma who regularly checks Facebook

Which woman is MOST likely to cohabit for life? a) Destiny, a U.S. adult who just got her Ph.D b) Alam, who lives in India c) Kareen, who lives in Iran d) Sally, a U.S. adult who lives under the poverty line

Who is LEAST likely to live in a nursing home? a) old-old women b) people with basic ADL (activities of daily life) impairments c) people with Alzheimer's disease d) adults with instrumental ADL (activities of daily life) problems

Who is likely to fear commitment and shy away from getting involved? a) Max, with an ambivalent attachment style b) Spyros, with a preoccupied attachment style c) Sara, with a clingy attachment style d) Jana, with an avoidant attachment style

Why did the life stage called emerging adulthood develop? a) less strict parental discipline b) the need for less education c) life-expectancy decreases d) valuing personal exploration

With regard to the health span, which statement is true? a) Women are less likely than men to have ADL (activities of daily living) impairments in their older years. b) In some nations, the average person stays healthy until the day of death. c) Today, people are likely to be disabled for decades. d) Men live longer in a state of health than do women.

A mother feels ill at a family picnic, so her husband drives her to the hospital at 90 miles an hour and with their three teenage children in the car. Billy says "Dad, you can't go this fast. We might be stopped for speeding." Josh says, "Slow down, Dad. It's crucially important, no matter what, to obey the law." Sarah, furious, yells, "You guys are crazy! Saving mom's life is more important than ANY law." Using Kohlberg's categories, pick each sibling's level of moral reasoning. a) Billy—preconventional; Josh—conventional; Sarah— postconventional b) Billy—premoral; Josh—fairly moral; Sarah—extremely moral c) Billy—amoral; Josh—postmoral; Sarah—overly moral d) Billy—conventional; Josh—preconventional; Sarah—postconventional

A student who has read the chapter states that the labeling of teenagers as biologically (or neurologically) "out of control" neglects many realities. Which is NOT a reality this student can state? a) Family members treat teenagers particularly badly today. b) Teenage rebellion "issues" are partly a natural function of having a poor puberty-environment fit. c) Adults also act in impulsive and immature ways. d) Teenagers are artificially treated as children for too long.

According to research, when the "bad guys" crowd gets together, they: a) egg each other on to commit antisocial acts. b) think through their actions more carefully. c) model the member with the best social skills. d) reject the most antisocial members of the group.

According to the text, what is the MAIN advantage of sending pre-teens to middle school? a) This educational structure offers children the chance to start again. b) These schools have more challenging classes. c) This educational structure provides a more supportive environment. d) These schools hire better teachers.

Adolescence became a defined life stage in the United States when: a) President Franklin Roosevelt encouraged universal high school attendance. b) Jean Piaget identified formal operational thinking as a separate stage. c) Sigmund Freud developed his theories in the early 1900s. d) the baby boom generation rebelled against the establishment.

Anthony is devising a questionnaire to predict which teens flourish. Based on the text, what question should NOT be on his list? a) Does this child totally avoid risky behaviors? b) Does this child have a positive adult mentor? c) Does this child feel academically successful and connected to school? d) Does this child have good executive functions?

As you are taking this test, it's so, so easy to look at the next person's answers, but you decide, "No." Using Kohlberg's categories, pick out the correct level of moral reasoning: (1) "I won't because I might get caught"; (2) "I won't because I believe that cheating is morally wrong"; (3) "I won't because I took a pledge to uphold the school's honor code." a) (1) preconventional; (2) postconventional; (3) conventional b) (1) conventional; (2) preconventional; (3) postconventional c) (1) preconventional; (2) conventional; (3) postconventional d) (1) conventional; (2) postconventional; (3) preconventional

Dr. Chen is giving a talk on the prevalence of eating disorders. Which is a statement she should not make? a) "All eating disorders involve excessive dieting." b) "Eating disorder rates decline as women get older." c) "Eating disorders are most common among young females." d) "Although, using the strict diagnostic criteria, eating disorder rates are low, a much higher fraction of girls have symptoms of eating issues."

Dr. Justice is arguing against the 2018 trend to try teenagers as though they were adults. Drawing on the text, which is NOT an argument he can make against this practice? a) Putting teens in jail costs more than putting them in juvenile detention. b) It does nothing to deter future criminal acts. c) This trend does not take into account the fact that, at this age, the frontal lobes are still "immature." d) Criminalizing delinquent behavior ignores the fact that risk taking is part of the normal adolescent experience.

Generalizing from the text, which teen is MOST likely to feel unhappy with his or her weight? a) a fraternal twin girl b) an identical twin boy c) a fraternal twin boy d) an identical twin girl

Jonelle is a happy, healthy, well-adjusted teen. Based on the research, Jonelle would be expected to: a) engage in some risk-taking behaviors. b) be so well behaved and virtuous that she is called a "goody goody." c) avoid risk-taking behaviors. d) become involved in seriously dangerous behaviors.

Ling is devising a checklist to predict a female child's reaching puberty early. Which is NOT a question he should include in his list? a) Does this girl have many siblings? b) Did this girl have a stressful childhood? c) Was this girl yelled at often during early childhood? d) Did this girl grow up in a single-parent mother-headed family?

Parents can expect a more harmonious relationship with their teenage daughters during the daughters' _____. a) mid- to later adolescence b) thirties c) emerging adulthood d) early adolescence

Research has shown that being suspended from school results in _____. a) later delinquency b) increased arrest rates c) reduced delinquency d) later incarceration

Statistically speaking, a(n) _____ is apt to reach puberty at the youngest age. a) African American child b) Asian American child c) European American child d) child growing up impoverished in the developing world

Statistically speaking, in terms of puberty timetables, who is MOST at risk of becoming depressed? a) early-maturing girls b) early-maturing boys c) late-maturing girls d) late-maturing boys

Statistically speaking, which girl will reach puberty at the youngest age? a) Jadyn, who is overweight b) Debbe, whose parents were "average-aged developers" c) Ilya, who grew up in a loving, two-parent family d) Hae, an Asian American girl

That distressing teenage pubertal change—acne—is caused by which hormone(s)? a) testosterone for both boys and girls b) estrogen for both boys and girls c) testosterone for boys and estrogen for girls d) testosterone and estrogen for both sexes

The U.S. justice system's current approach to teens should be described as: a) punitive. b) science-based. c) fair and reasonable. d) lax.

When Sheila walks to the lunchroom, she thinks that everyone is evaluating every move she makes. According to David Elkind, Shelia is showing signs of: a) the imaginary audience. b) narcissism. c) egotistic thinking. d) the personal fable.

Which is NOT a reason why adolescence earned consideration as a separate life stage? a) People understood the world better. b) People spent their days in high school as an isolated, separate group. c) Teenagers were marketed to as a special age group with their own interests. d) Teens stayed in school, rather than immediately going to work.

Which is NOT a situation that promotes thriving in teens? a) living in large cities b) being connected to academics c) having a life passion or special talent that is encouraged by a mentor d) living in nurturing communities

Which is NOT a true statement about teenage girls who have a positive body image? a) These teens care deeply about what other people think of them. b) These teens see being beautiful as taking care of their health. c) They are not interested in having perfect bodies. d) They have high self-esteem and self-efficacy.

Which of the following qualities is MOST likely to occur during the teens? a) feeling upbeat about life b) suicidal feelings c) drug abuse d) depression

Which teenage stereotype is TRUE? a) Teenagers are more emotional than adults. b) Teenagers commit suicide at higher rates than adults. c) Teenagers are more emotionally disturbed than adults. d) Most teens drink and abuse drugs.

A mother seeks advice from a developmentalist about problems her 11-year-old daughter might experience during the next few years. Which is NOT a problem the developmentalist should predict? a) "Expect more risk taking, particularly when your daughter is with friends." b) "Brace yourself for your daughter's serious emotional problems." c) "Look for a higher risk of depression." d) "Expect more intense emotional ups and downs."

A typical 13-year-old is asked, "What is your most important priority?" Research suggests that this person would MOST likely answer: a) "Being athletic." b) "Being popular." c) "Being a good student." d) "Having friends."

According to David Elkind, teenagers question society's rules and become involved in idealistic causes because they can: a) be too naive to understand why things are the way they are. b) reason abstractly and so realize that adult rules are often arbitrary and wrong. c) think too concretely to understand the world. d) rebel against the older generation, because they now physically look adult.

According to the research, which child is undergoing his or her FIRST sexual feelings? a) Olivia, age 13, who just reached menarche b) Mina, age 10, whose output of adrenal androgens has increased c) Pablo, age 14, who just fell in love d) Nahum, age 12, who recently had his first ejaculation

Ayana is arguing that Kohlberg's moral reasoning scale is not valid (that is, it does not accurately reflect real-world morality). Based specifically on the text critique, which is NOT a critique Ayana can make? a) "The way people talk in abstract situations is different from how they act." b) "Everyone routinely cheats and lies." c) "Unlike what Kohlberg believes, very young children show moral thought." d) "The most prosocial people only score at average levels on Kohlberg's tests."

Dr. Abstinence is lecturing about the prevalence of alcohol and drug use among today's teens. According to the text, she should say: a) "Very few teens drink and use drugs." b) "A significant minority of teens drink, but only a very small fraction use drugs." c) "A significant minority of teens both drink and use drugs." d) "Almost all teens drink and use drugs."

Dr. Rodriquez is an adolescent specialist and legal analyst. Which is NOT a piece of advice he would give his local legislature? a) "Focus on rehabilitation, not punishment, when teens get into trouble with the law." b) "Let law-breaking teens get off without sanctions." c) "Pass legislation that takes teenager's mental processes into account." d) "Don't try teenagers as though they were adults."

Having sexual intercourse outside of committed relationships: a) boosts anger. b) is a risk factor for depression. c) boosts self-esteem. d) has no effect on children's mental health.

In impoverished countries, some teens have: a) an extended adolescence since there will be little waiting for them as adults. b) no adolescence, as they may be forced from a young age to survive without adult protection. c) governments that routinely care deeply about high school, even more so than in the developed world. d) such close family ties that they don't need to find work outside of the family or go to school.

Jeannette has been diagnosed with bulimia. She will NOT have the following symptom: a) being totally obsessed with food. b) looking "skeletal" (or incredibly thin). c) binging several times a week and then possibly purging or vomiting. d) possibly developing mouth sores and tooth damage due to frequent vomiting.

John has reached formal operations. John's unique new talent is that he now can: a) act more assertively in his life and in school. b) debate the merits of positions even if he is opposed to those ideas. c) read complex novels and do math problems much faster than before. d) get along with people better.

Research suggests a female child is MOST likely to be intensely embarrassed by her changing body when she is around her _____. a)siblings b)father c)mother d)friends

The HIGHEST status crowds in U.S. public high schools are often the: a) jocks and brains. b) jocks and popular kids. c) rebels and jocks. d) rebels and brains.

The text's criticisms of Kohlberg's moral reasoning scale all relate to which measurement concept? a) reliability b) validity c) accuracy d) morality

What is the main reason why high school students are sleep deprived? a) Teens need more sleep than younger children, because they have higher metabolic rates. b) The hormones of puberty push teens' sleep cycles to later in the evening, yet teens have to get up early to start the school day. c) Teenagers can spend time 24/7 talking to their friends on social media. d) Teenagers are having too much fun at night to get to bed on time; even when they are tired, they rebel against adults by refusing to go to bed.

When G. Stanley Hall described adolescence as a time of "storm and stress," he meant that teenagers: a) put society under a lot of stress. b) are moody, sensitive, and prone to take risks. c) have a stressful life. d) cause parents a lot of stress.

When the "bad boys" get together, they laugh and boast about doing antisocial things. A developmentalist can make which statement? a) This activity promotes insecure attachments. b) This behavior is called deviancy training. c) This activity discourages more antisocial behavior. d) This behavior cements the good group.

Anesia is worried that her 10-year-old nephew might be headed toward a difficult adolescence. Which of the following predicts future problems for her nephew? a) He has high academic achievement. b) He feels connected to his parents. c) He is getting into trouble now and has antisocial friends. d) He has internalizing problems.

At the mall, a shop owner sees small groups of pre-teen girls and boys arrive separately and then hang out together in a larger mixed-gender group. The shop owner is watching: a) cliques forming into one-on-one romantic relationships. b) gangs forming into crowds. c) cliques forming into crowds. d) crowds forming into cliques.

At what age can parents expect children to become more secretive and distant? a) during college b) when a child gets married c) early adolescence d) mid- to later adolescence

Isaiah and Allie are devising a checklist to predict whether a teenage girl in the United States has made the transition to intercourse. Which question should NOT be on their list? a) Is this girl an early developer? b) Does this girl have an older boyfriend? c) Is this girl watching a lot of television? d) Are this girl's friends sexually active?

Jayden is 14 years old. Compared to a 24-year-old, Jayden should have which quality? a) being more prone to get into trouble when alone b) more understanding of different perspectives and points of view c) terrible worries about what other people think d) an intense fear of social events

Joan is giving a scale to fourth-graders to predict their risk of having a "stormy adolescence." Which question should NOT be on her measure? a) Does this child have emotion regulation problems? b) Does this child live in an environment that encourages taking dangerous risks? c) Is this child highly emotional? d) Does this child feel alienated from his parents?

Neema was highly intellectual and self-confident in elementary school. As she travels into high school (in a normal public school) and finds herself in the "brains crowd," Neema might become: a) much happier. b) very isolated and depressed. c) less popular and self-confident. d) more popular and self-confident.

Research suggests the hypothalamic puberty timer is: a) equally sensitive to environmental cues for both sexes. b) more sensitive to environmental cues for boys. c) more sensitive to environmental cues for girls. d) is sensitive to the same cues for girls and boys.

Samantha and her five best female buddies are her: a) gathering. b) gang. c) clique. d) crowd.

Selma is devising a questionnaire to predict the risk of eating disorders. Which item should NOT be on her list? a) Does this child have insecure attachments and an extreme need for approval? b) Does this child adhere to the "thin ideal"? c) Is this child doing poorly in school? d) Is this child temperamentally anxious and highly self-critical?

Seth is intensely involved in his high-school drama club. Based on the research, has Seth made a good choice? a) No; getting involved in this club will take time away from his schoolwork. b) It may be an okay choice, but only if Seth gets starring roles in productions. c) Yes; heavy participation in school clubs can have long-term positive effects. d) It may be a problem if Seth decides to become an actor.

The FIRST hormone signaling puberty is in the _____. a) gonads b) testes c) hypothalamus d) pituitary glands

The timing of puberty is determined by: a) the level of family stress alone. b) genetics alone. c) genetics and a variety of environmental forces. d) the level of nutrition alone.

Which force does NOT predict making an earlier transition to intercourse? a) being an early developer b) having friends who have gone all the way c) being male d) being impulsive

Which is the correct order that heterosexual young people follow in getting to a romantic relationship? a) mixed-sex cliques; crowds; single-sex cliques b) crowds; single-sex cliques; mixed-sex cliques c) single-sex cliques; crowds; mixed-sex cliques d) single-sex cliques; mixed-sex cliques; crowds

Xandra, age 10, has recently grown 5 inches in height. Xandra is undergoing: a) development of her primary sexual characteristics. b) development of her secondary sexual characteristics. c) the growth spurt. d) size acceleration.

A parent tells a psychologist friend, "My 16-year-old son got arrested for stealing because he fell into a 'bad guys' crowd." According to the text, what should the psychologist think? a) This parent is correct because bad crowds make good kids do illegal things when the kids would otherwise not get into trouble. b) The crowd had no impact on the child's illegal behavior. c) This behavior is found in boys, but not in girls. d) The crowd did encourage this illegal act, but the child also probably chose this crowd because he was already having problems in life.

A research procedure designed to capture moment-to-moment experiences by having people carry pagers and take notes describing their activities and emotions whenever the signal sounds is referred to as: a) the pendulum apparatus. b) an experiment. c) a correlational design. d) experience-sampling technique.

A student is giving a presentation on teenage male body image issues. What statement should he make? a) "Boys never have eating disorders." b) "Boys today typically want to be thin." c) "There are no pressures on boys to have perfect bodies." d) "Boys today worry about building up their muscles."

A teenager thinks, "I'm never going to have an accident if I drive drunk— that happens to other kids, not me." This type of thinking reflects: a) the imaginary audience. b) egocentric monitoring. c) formal operational thinking. d) the personal fable.

Adolescence: a) has been a life stage only since the seventeenth century. b) is a life stage for all people around the world. c) has been a life stage throughout history, over many centuries. d) is a result of people who lived in the twentieth-century developed world.

After reading the text, Joanne is comparing first menstruation reactions today in the West versus a few decades ago. Which statement can she make? a) Girls today are totally positive about this event. b) Society today celebrates this event. c) Girls today are more upset about this event. d) Mothers today are more likely to celebrate this event.

At what age are parents FIRST apt to grant their teens more autonomy? a) marriage b) early adolescence c) college d) mid- to later adolescence

Bei has a child who is regularly in trouble at school, and she is wondering about sending this child to a wilderness program for teens with similar problems. Based on the text discussion of deviancy training, what is the BEST advice to give Bei? a) "It will be fine if your child is a girl, but not good for a boy." b) "Go for it. Your child will feel more comfortable with kids like him- or herself." c) "It's up to you. There is no research on this question." d) "Be cautious. Your child might learn to be more antisocial from the other kids."

Bowdie used to be a model child, but since he hit puberty, he's been getting into trouble and was recently suspended from school. His frantic parents ask, "Is my son destined for problems as an adult?" According to the text, what is the BEST reply? a) "Sorry, yes. The way kids behave as teens offers a good preview of their adult life, so you need to take action now and in the future, too." b) "Don't worry. Children who act out as adolescents always end up just fine, so just hang in and endure these next few years." c) "Sorry, yes—but only because your child is a boy." d) "There is a reasonable chance he'll be fine. The fact that your son is only getting into trouble at this life stage suggests this may be adolescent-limited turmoil."

Dev's school is considering offering more programs in the arts. Based on the research, has the school made a good decision? a) No; these programs tend to interfere with academic performance. b) Yes; but only for students who are artistically talented. c) There's no way to know because there is no research addressing this question. d) Yes; these programs can help boost academic interest and performance.

Devora asks, "What is the first sign my son is entering puberty?" How should an expert answer? a) The voice begins to change. b) The muscles begin to enlarge. c) Spermarche occurs. d) The penis begins to grow.

Dr. Raju says, "When families experience intense stress, early puberty is an adaptation that equips females to leave home as soon as possible." Dr. Raju is a(n): a) pedophile. b) behavioral psychologist. c) follower of Freud. d) evolutionary psychologist.

Fudo has been getting into trouble with the law, and his parents are angry and have emotionally withdrawn from him. According to the text, which statement is MOST likely true? a) Either Fudo or his parents are to blame, but not both. b) Fudo is to blame for not confiding in his parents. c) The parents are to blame for Fudo's problems because they haven't been sensitive to his needs. d) No one is necessarily to blame, as the cause can be found in the dynamics of the relationship (that is, due to bidirectional effects).

Gilda is now feeling sexual desire. Which hormone caused these changes? a) estrogens b) the hypothalamic hormone c) the pituitary hormone d) testosterone

Lydia is about to enter puberty. Statistically speaking, in which order will the changes occur? a) menarche; growth spurt begins; breasts and pubic hair begin developing b) breasts and pubic hair begin developing; growth spurt begins; menarche c) menarche; breasts and pubic hair begin developing; growth spurt begins d) growth spurt begins; breasts and pubic hair begin developing; menarche

Ms. Jones asks if her child should attend an afterschool program at the local Y. Based on the text, how should a school counselor respond? a) "Go for it, as these programs really work." b) "Make sure that the program involves a lot of physical activity." c) "Forget it, as these programs do nothing to help teens." d) "First find out if the program is well structured and supervised."

Pilar is giving tips to her local school board about how to make high schools more responsive to teenagers' needs. Based on this chapter, which is NOT a recommendation she should make? a) "Consider starting high school later in the day." b) "Institute more arts offerings and school-based service-learning classes." c) "Provide more hands-on work that allows teens to think independently." d) "Offer more discipline."

Ron is in the "bad guys" high school crowd. He is MOST likely to want to model the _____ group member. a) sweetest b) oldest c) smartest d) most antisocial

Since entering middle school, Julie's grades are dropping, and all she cares about is being in the popular crowd. Julie's behavior is: a) a sign of serious abnormality. b) a predictor of good mental health. c) okay, but only if she makes it into the popular group. d) relatively common at her age.

Teenage rebellion against the older generation reached its peak during the: a) late 1800s, when teenagers left the farm to find factory work in urban centers. b) early 1900s, when young people had to go off to World War I. c) 1980s, when the "me" generation of individuals who cared mainly about themselves reached their teens. d) late 1960s, when the baby boom cohort rejected conventional rules about adult roles.

When people enter formal operations, they can do which of the following? a) reason only about real things b) enter a zone of proximal development c) reason illogically about abstract ideas d) think like "true scientists"

Which change is NOT unique to formal operations? a) approaching problems scientifically b) logically arguing both sides of an issue c) reasoning about things that are not real d) understanding the meanings of new words

Which is NOT a text suggestion with regard to puberty, parents, and schools? a) Pay more attention to what happens in the sixth and seventh grades. b) Address children's worries about puberty rather than just cautioning young people against getting pregnant or describing the biological facts. c) Teach children to respect their bodies from a young age. d) Don't discuss body changes, as this will make children too interested in having sex.

You are taking this test, and it's so, so easy to look at the next person's answers, but you decide, "No." What would be your reasoning if you are at Kohlberg's conventional stage of moral development? a) I might get caught. b) I personally believe that cheating is morally wrong. c) That person next to me might know less than me. d) Going against the rules is wrong.

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