Psychology 310 Flashcards Chapter 3
What age are children during the phallic stage?
3-6 years
According to Freud, a healthy personality stems from which of the following?
A balance of the id, ego, and superego
A person with an overly dominant id will be more likely to have which kind of personality?
A quick tongue
Which is an example of a phallic symbol?
A tall building
At which stage in human psychological development does the reality principle begin to develop?
During childhood
Which of the following BEST explains the impact of Freud's theories of psychosexual development?
Freud's theories help us understand how personal biases affect our understanding of psychology.
How do the theories of Freud and Erikson differ in reference to adult development?
Freud's theory of development ends at age 18, while Erikson believed development continued into adulthood.
How is George Vaillant important to the study of Freudian defense mechanisms?
He added defense mechanisms to the list and classified them into levels.
According to Freud, how might parents being overly demanding during toilet training affect a person's development?
He might become obsessed with control and order
Freud's phallic stage of development and his developmental theory that it is based on are:
Highly controversial ideas
According to Freud, who does a boy dealing with his Oedipal complex want to 'kill?'
His father
Which of the following is a limitation of Freud's contributions to personality psychology? I. They can't be proven. II. They have been dismissed by all psychologists. III. They can't be objectively tied to any firm personality data.
I and III only
Mary is beginning to see herself primarily as a musician, and is focusing less on activities that don't relate to music. Mary is in which of Erikson's stages?
Identity vs. role confusion
During which of Erikson's stages do children begin to identify their strengths and take pleasure in their accomplishments?
Industry vs. inferiority
_____ occurs when a child tries to make a good object always present.
Introjection
All of the following statements are true about the ego EXCEPT:
It accounts for our aggressive tendencies
Erikson's developmental stage of industry vs. inferiority can be compared to which of Freud's psychosexual stages?
Latency
According to Klein, _____ is the process through which children might cast their thoughts and feelings onto another person.
Projection
Erikson characterizes development as a series of _____.
Psychosocial stages
Which of the following best explains Klein's concept of splitting?
Splitting occurs when a child sees the same object as both good and bad.
A runner who trains twice as hard after suffering a big loss in a race is experiencing _____.
Sublimation
Mark is taking a high-stakes university exam and is sitting next to the smartest student in the class. Mark can clearly see his classmate's responses but refrains from copying the answers. Which of the following is affecting Mark's behavior?
Superego
Which of the following people likely has a dominant ego to their personality?
Susie, who never goes out after 10 PM
Tommy has a strong sense of morality. According to Freud, this would indicate he has worked through which of the following feelings?
The Oedipus Complex, or sexual desire for his mother and desire to kill his father
All of the following statements reflect the beliefs of the psychoanalytic theory EXCEPT:
The conscious mind guides our psychosexual development
In Freudian psychology, which part of the psyche handles realistic expectations about reality, such as the reality principle?
The ego
If someone looks down upon you because they believe you are immoral, even when most everyone thinks you are a moral person, then which of the following may be true?
Their superego is overly dominant in their personality.
Which of Erikson's psychosocial stages can be compared to Freud's oral stage of development?
Trust vs. mistrust
Which of the following best explains how Melanie Klein's approach to psychoanalysis differed from Sigmund Freud's?
Unlike Freud, Klein worked directly with children, as opposed to basing her theory on her work with adults.
Mary is very focused on details and cleanliness and does not like to relinquish control. According to Freud, Mary may be fixated in the _____.
anal stage
According to Freud, people who get into fights tend to be motivated by _____.
death instincts
Which of these exists to healthily regulate the id?
ego
According to Freud, which of these is the center for our urges and desires?
id
The _____ is the part of the human mind that is focused on immediate needs and pleasure, while the _____ is focused on things like the difference between right and wrong.
id; super ego
How does someone with a well-developed reality principle go about attaining pleasure?
in proper and acceptable ways
What does the id seek?
instant gratification
The _____ stage happens when we are about 5-12 years old; this is when we begin to develop feelings for the opposite sex but do not express them until we reach the _____ stage, after 12 years of age.
latency, genital
Which of the following is NOT one of Freud's psychosexual stages?
libido stage
Wesley is often aggressive and has problems with substance abuse. These personality traits, according to Freud, might mean that Wesley is fixated in the _____
oral stage
A person who 'accidentally' deletes a coworker's presentation because the coworker forgot their lunch date is expressing _____.
passive aggression
According to Freud, the phases of psychosexual development establish our _____.
personality
What causes the superego?
repressive parents
Which of these terms best describes the id?
selfish
If a man continually berates himself for having impure thoughts, Freud would blame it on
superego
How does Freud's reality principle interact with the pleasure principle?
they complement one another - the reality principle replaces the pleasure principle as a person ages
A man who yells at his dog when he's upset with his girlfriend is experiencing _____.
Displacement
According to Freud, someone who compulsively bites their nails might have experienced which of the following as a young child?
An overly restrictive breastfeeding schedule
According to Erikson, at which stage does a child first develop a sense of independence?
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
What psychosocial crisis results in either a feeling of confidence or inadequacy?
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Why is the successful completion of the trust versus mistrust stage important?
Because if this stage is not successfully completed, the individual will become anxious and insecure.
How are Freud and Erikson's theories of development similar?
Both use similar age divisions and believe the unconscious is important.
A person who failed a class but tells people he got an A is experiencing denial. Why is this an unproductive way of dealing with disappointment?
Denial is unproductive because it is a refusal to accept reality.
The _____ results when a child feels remorse for having fantasies about destroying an object, such as his or her parent.
Depressive Position
Freud maintained that the psychosexual development of a person's personality occurs mostly during which three key stages?
Oral, anal, and phallic
What is it called when a girl wants more power and a penis?
Penis envy
