Psychology Ch 15

Researchers have found that approximately _____ percent of those with dissociative identity disorder were physically and/or sexually abused in childhood, leading to the conclusion that trauma can be a cause of this disorder.

95

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?

Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for suicide?

High anxiety level

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ________ personality disorder.

Narcissistic

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

Repetitive thoughts and urges (obsessions). Repetitive behaviors and mental acts (compulsions).

which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory

Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about itâ "this leads her to become depressed.

Mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as avoiding eye contact or rehearsing sentences before speaking are called ________.

Safety Behaviors

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

adhd

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

borderline personality disorder

What is meant by the term etiology?

cause of a disease

A psychological disorder is a _________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Which pair of neurotransmitters has received the most attention as a potential explanation for the symptoms of schizophrenia?

dopamine and serotonin

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Coleâ s major depressive disorder is ________?

episodic

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing dissociative ________.

fugue

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

mania

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in the development of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

orbitofrontal cortex

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during the fall and winter months when she gets less direct exposure to sunlight What kind of depression does Alexis have?

seasonal

Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails. What kind of delusion is this?

somatic delusion

What is comorbidity?

the simultaneous presence of two chronic diseases or conditions in a patient

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the US?

American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.

Anxiety

Which of the following is a common characteristic of dissociative disorders?

Becoming split off, or dissociated, from one's core sense of self