Psychology Ch 15

Which of the following is true about neurodevelopmental disorders? All neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in middle-aged patients. All neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in early childhood. All neurodevelopmental disorders are disorders of the elderly. Neurodevelopmental disorders are not diagnosed in males. Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1

All neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in early childhood.

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America? Determinants of Social Mental Disorders Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersDifficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 Desperate Social and Mental Disorders Determining Statistical Manifestation of Disorders

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2

Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder? It involves persistent, unfocused anxiety. Men are more often diagnosed than women. Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1 It is most often diagnosed during adolescence. It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors.?

Who identified psychological disorders as a harmful dysfunction? John Waller Jerome C. Wakefield Stanley Rachman Thomas Szasz Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard:1.1, 1.2

Jerome C. Wakefield

Which of the following is false of dissociative disorders? People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture. These disorders do not have a physical cause.Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1 People with these disorders experience memory and identity disturbances. People with these disorders become disconnected from their sense of self.

People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

Which of the following is not a reason that ADHD may be overdiagnosed? What might seem like inattention to some parents and teachers could simply reflect exposure to too much technology.Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1, 2.2 Doctors are too quick to medicate children as a behavior treatment. There is greater awareness of ADHD now than in the past. The amount of ADHD in the population has increased tenfold since it was first identified.

The amount of ADHD in the population has increased tenfold since it was first identified.

Lovell is noticeably fidgety and jittery. He can't sit still; he paces, wrings his hands, and pulls at his clothing constantly. Lovell suffers from psychomotor________. distress rigidity tension Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 agitation

agitation

From an early age, Kwaku got into trouble constantly. He continually violates the rights of others and he often lies, fights, and has problems with the law. Generally, he is impulsive and fails to think ahead. He is frequently deceitful and manipulative in order to get the things he wants, and he never regrets his misdeeds or considers the feelings of those he has harmed. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Kwaku's personality? antisocial personality disorder dependent personality disorder paranoid personality disorder Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

antisocial personality disorder

A panic disorder is a type of ________disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks.

anxiety

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior. personalityDifficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 obsessive-compulsive body dysmorphic anxiety

anxiety

Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________. hates being outside the home alone refuses to leave his room due to anxiety over what might happen during the day Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3, 2.2 exhibits three separate personalities, each distinct from the other appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________. Asperger's syndrome schizoid personality disorderDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 autism spectrum disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality? dependent personality disorder avoidant personality disorder schizotypal personality disorder Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

avoidant personality disorder

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders? feeling sad and hopeless over a long period of time memory loss becoming split off, or dissociated, from one's core sense of self rapidly fluctuating mood Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1

becoming split off, or dissociated, from one's core sense of self

Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________. blood heights Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3, 2.2 being outside the home alone enclosed spaces

being outside the home alone

Mae notices that her daughter, Natalie, is extremely preoccupied with the freckles on her nose. Mae can barely see the freckles, but Natalie spends hours in front of the mirror and recently declared that her nose is deformed and she is ugly. She spent her entire weekend applying products to eliminate the freckles, and she recently announced her plans to save money for plastic surgery. Mae believes her daughter may have a ________ disorder. generalized anxiety body dysmorphic neurological Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3, 2.2 mood

body dysmorphic

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality? borderline personality disorder antisocial personality disorder avoidant personality disorder schizotypal personality disorder Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3

borderline personality disorder

Etiology is another word for ________

causes

What is comorbidity? mental disorder leading to deathDifficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1 co-occurrence of two disorders having two causes for a single disorder having two causes of death

co-occurrence of two disorders

A psychological disorder is a ________. condition characterized by normal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors situational, idiosyncratic, or unconventional inner feelings Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1 condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors manifestation of a psychopathology

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Jerry allows others to take over and run his life. He is submissive and clings to those around him. He cannot make decisions without advice and reassurance from others, probably because he lacks self-confidence. He finds it impossible to do things on his own, and he feels uncomfortable and helpless when he is alone. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jerry's personality? narcissistic personality disorder Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 avoidant personality disorder borderline personality disorder dependent personality disorder

dependent personality disorder

The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events. Venn Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 Szasz diathesis-stress supernatural

diathesis-stress

Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder. schizophreniaDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3, 2.2 anxiety personality dissociative identity

dissociative identity

Which of the following factors does not strongly predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder? lack of immediate social support experiencing trauma in isolation greater trauma severity trauma experience Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1

experiencing trauma in isolation

Which of the following is an example of avolition? inability to enjoy fine dining refusing to speakDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1 lack of interest in going out with your friend lack of motivation to bathe yourself

lack of motivation to bathe yourself

Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder? pervasive need for perfectionism that interferes with the ability to complete tasksDifficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood

lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________. mania body dysmorphia flight of ideas rapid cyclingDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3

mania

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________. often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania once started a day euphoric and ended the day tired Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 experiences flashbacks interspersed with depression never thinks about the risk that a major depressive episode will follow a manic episode

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD? cingulate cortex anterior cortex prefrontal cortex Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 orbitofrontal cortex

orbitofrontal cortex

Identify the compulsion in the following example. Demarco can't stop thinking about his book collection, which includes hundreds of first editions. He wants it to be in a particular order. He spends hours every day organizing his books alphabetically by author, then by color, then by size.

organizing the books

________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person. somatic Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 hallucination grandiose paranoid

paranoid

Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________. phobia mood disorder obsessive-compulsive disorder psychosis Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3, 2.2

phobia

Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder. mood obsessive-compulsive psychoticDifficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 personality

psychotic Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2

Joffrey talks and moves slowly. When asked a question, he answers slowly in monotone monosyllables, if he answers at all. Joffrey is experiencing psychomotor________. agitation deprivation retardation Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 2.2 disorder

retardationDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 2.2

________are mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as wearing bland, neutral clothes to avoid drawing attention to oneself. therapiesDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1 safety behaviors obsessions ruminations

safety behaviors

Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior? schizophrenia Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 personality bipolar anxiety

schizophrenia Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2

________ is a subtype of depression in which a person experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder only during a particular time of year. bipolar disorder seasonal pattern Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 mood disorder persistent depressive disorder

seasonal pattern Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during midwinter. What kind of depression does Alexis have? persistent depressive peripartum/postpartum seasonal patternDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 bipolar

seasonal patternDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3

________ involves thoughts of death by suicide, thinking about or planning suicide, or making a suicide attempt. suicidal ideation rumination suicide Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2 flight of ideas

suicidal ideation

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of histrionic personality disorder? Phoebe is impulsive, unpredictable, and sometimes engages in self-mutilation. Phoebe feels uncomfortable when she is not the center of attention, and she has alienated friends by demanding excessive amounts of their attention. Phoebe often displays an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 Phoebe feels helpless when she is alone, and she can't make decisions on her own.

Phoebe feels uncomfortable when she is not the center of attention, and she has alienated friends by demanding excessive amounts of their attention

Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests? attention deficit hyperactivity disorder attention deficit disorder antisocial personality disorder autism spectrum disorder Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2

autism spectrum disorder Difficulty: EasyAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing a social anxiety disorder? behavioral inhibition displaying a specific phobia biological predisposition exhibiting stressDifficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2

behavioral inhibition

The ________ perspective suggests that psychological disorders result largely from faulty physical processes, and the ________perspective emphasizes the importance of factors such as stress and thoughts as well as environmental factors in the development of psychological disorders. biological; psychological medical; stress psychological; biological Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.2, 2.2 diathesis; supernatural

biological; psychological

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing a(n) ________. associative fugue dissociative fugue Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 depersonalization catatonia

dissociative fugue Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3

Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________. free-floating anxiety disorder obsessive-compulsive disorder generalized anxiety disorder persistent depressive disorder Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3, 2.2

generalized anxiety disorder

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder. mood schizotypal personalityDifficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3, 2.2 posttraumatic stress antisocial personality

posttraumatic stress

Veena's thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with? schizophrenia Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3 anxiety disorder major depressive disorder borderline personality disorder

schizophrenia Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 1.3

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________? asymptomatic limited in duration to a few weeks reoccurring every few months Difficulty: ModerateAPA Standard: 1.1, 2.2 episodic

episodic

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders? inability to control the body's reaction to fear above average number of phobias sporadic, intense panic attacks Difficulty: DifficultAPA Standard: 1.1 excessive, persistent fear and anxiety

excessive, persistent fear and anxiety