Psychology Chapter 1
Which of the following is a guideline for doing research with people?
Participants must be allowed to make an informed decision about participation.
Experimenters control the effects of extraneous or confounding variables upon members of experimental and control groups by using:
random assignment
If a correlation coefficient is positive:
the two variables increase in the same direction.
Freud believed that personality was formed:
in the first 6 years of life
________ focuses on how people think, remember, store, and use information.
Cognitive psychology
Addison is 45 years old and is suffering from hot flashes and extreme moodiness. From a(n) _____ perspective, Addison's symptoms can be attributed to menopause.
biopsychological
Mrs. Minor participated in a study in which she was given no treatment for her condition. Mrs. Minor was in the ________ group.
control
A drug company is determining the effects of a treatment for depression. Neither the researcher nor the participants know who is getting the treatment and who is given a sugar pill. This type of study is:
double blind
Dr. Evans wants to show a causal relationship between tobacco smoking and cancer. Dr. Edwards should:
find a correlation between smoking and the rates of cancer.
The psychological perspective that is associated with William James is:
functionalism
Correlation will tell researchers all of the following EXCEPT ________ between variables.
if there is causation
A researcher wants to describe children's normal behavior on the playground. The best method for this research is to use
naturalistic observation
When Donna took the survey in the mall, she noticed that the interviewer was wearing an Obama button. She answered the questions more favorably toward Obama than she might otherwise have, probably because:
of courtesy bias
A ________ has a medical degree and is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.
psychiatrist
Mary is a psychologist who focuses on the role of the conscious and unconscious minds. To which perspective does Mary ascribe?
psychodynamic
What did Watson believe about behavior?
that it is learned
Teri sat in the preschool classroom and watched the children play, writing down how well they interacted with each other. The children could see that Sasha was watching them, so they made an attempt to be extra well-behaved for her. Teri's research will be impacted by:
the observer effect.
Mrs. Puckett participated in a study in which she was told she would try out a new allergy medicine. She was in the group that received a sugar pill, but she believed that the pill did indeed help control her allergy symptoms. This phenomenon is known as:
the placebo effect
Because psychologists want to be precise and measure as carefully as they can, they use ________ to study psychology.
the scientific method
Researchers use ________ for reducing bias and error in the measurement of data.
the scientific method
