Psychology Chapter 2 Quiz

People who participate in research studies must participate voluntarily and must know enough about the study to make an intelligent decision about participating. This concept is known as what?

Informed Consent

What does the principal of falsifiability mean?

A scientist must state an idea in such a way that it can be refuted or disproved by counter evidence.

Which of the following would be considered a good example of a representative sample of college students in the United States?

A surgery given to a diverse population in both urban and rural college classrooms in several states.

A detailed description of a particular individual based on careful observation or formal psychological testing is called what?

Case Study

What is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another?

Correlation

Research methods that depict behavior, but do not necessarily yield casual explanations, are called what?

Descriptive Methods

What is the peer review process?

Is part of science's system of checks and balances

A researcher carefully and systematically watches and records behavior, taking care to avoid affecting the subjects being studied in what type of study?

Observational

Dawn is systematically recording the behaviors of the kids in a nursery school, taking pains to avoid being obvious about what she is doing. What is Dawn engaging in?

Observational Study

A group on individuals that matches the population on important characteristics such as age and sex is called what?

Representative Sample

What gathers information by asking people directly about their experiences, attitudes, or opinions?

Surveys

Dennis believes that women are worse drivers than men. He always notices examples of poor women drivers, but ignores evidence to the contrary, such as poor male drivers or good female drivers. Dennis' behavior is an example of what?

The Confirmation Bias.

What is an Operational Definition?

The precise meaning of a term, which specifies the processes required for observing and measuring the phenomenon being investigated.

Hadley is told that the achievement test he is taking is a standardized test. What does this mean?

Uniform procedures exist for giving and scoring the test.

When would an academic researcher use the case study method for a research study?

When ethical considerations prevent the usage of other sources of information.