Psychology Chapter 4 (Odigia) Sensation & Perception
Goolkasian & Woodbury research on pattern perception
Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures
bottom-up processing
analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
congenital analgesia
can't experience pain, but can detect differences in temperature and pressure
since birth
congenital deafness refers to deafness _______
transduction
conversation from sensory stimulus energy to action potential
Just noticeable
describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli
place theory of pitch perception
different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies
high frequency
high pitch
What was the original focus of Swets' (1964) signal detection theory?
improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips
What has research shown about processing subliminal messages?
in laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of awareness.
Top-down processing
involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts
red
is associated with longer wavelengths
high amplitude
loud sound
low frequency
low pitch
subliminal messages
messages that are presented below the threshold for conscious awareness (we receive it but are not consciously aware of it)
absolute threshold
minimum amount of stimulus energy that must be present for the stimulus to be detected 50% of the time
neuropathic pain
pain from damage to neurons of either the peripheral or central nervous system
inflammatory pain
pain that signals some type of tissue damage
proprioception
perception of body position
kinesthesia
perception of the body's movement through space
cochlear implant
receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain
low amplitude
soft sound
temporal theory of pitch perception
sound's frequency is coded by the activity level of a sensory neuron
thermoception
temperature perception
Which of the following was demonstrated by the 1998 research of Ayabe-Kanamura, Saito, Distel, Martínez-Gómez, & Hudson?
the ability to identify an odor, and rate its pleasantness and its intensity, varies cross-culturally
binocular disparity
the difference in images between the two eyes, which is greater for objects that are close and smaller for distant objects
Somatosensation
the skin sensations: touch/pressure, warmth, cold, and pain
The central tenet of Gestalt psychology
the whole is different from the sum of its parts
perception
way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced
ultraviolet
Honey bees can see the light in the ________ range of electromagnetic spectrum
Several studies have suggested that non-Black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when the image of the weapon is paired with the image of a Black person. What does this imply about perception?
Perceptions our influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes
nociception
a signal indicating potential harm and maybe pain
sensation
when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor