Psychology of Adjustment Final Ch 8-13
Dharma is part of which religion? a. Christianity b. Buddhism c. Hinduism d. Judaism
Buddhism
Which of the following is FALSE concerning celibacy? a. Choosing celibacy is a viable option. b. Some choose celibacy out of moral or cultural convictions. c. Some choose celibacy because of various fears about sex. d. Celibacy is almost always a reaction to engaging in sexual behaviors about which one feels extreme guilt.
Celibacy is almost always a reaction to engaging in sexual behaviors about which one feels extreme guilt.
______________ are widely accepted beliefs about females' and males' abilities, personality traits, and behavior patterns. a. Sexual values b. Sexual discrimination practices c. Gender stereotypes d. Gender preferences
Gender stereotypes
The Vedas is part of which religion? a. Christianity b. Buddhism c. Hinduism d. Islam
Hinduism
Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to men's groups? a. Men's groups can counteract the negative side of male gender-role socialization. b. Men's groups can help members become more stoic in the face of pain. c. Men's groups can help men to modify some of the ways in which they feel they mustlive. d. Men's groups can help members restructure some of the beliefs they have long held.
Men's groups can help members become more stoic in the face of pain.
_________________ is considered an asset in Confucian cultures. a. Shyness toward strangers. b. Anxious shyness. c. Regulated shyness. d. Shyness toward family members.
Regulated shyness
Which of the statements below regarding the effects of sexuality on one's health is NOT true? a. Sexual health correlates so much with general health that the former can be considered an efficient marker of the latter. b. Research has shown that high ejaculation frequency might be associated with a higher risk of total and organ-confined prostate cancer. c. Women's health tends to be positively influenced by endocrine events and physical and emotional reactions associated with sexual activity. d. A wide range of better psychological and physiological health indices are associated specifically with penile-vaginal intercourse.
Research has shown that high ejaculation frequency might be associated with a higher risk of total and organ-confined prostate cancer.
Concerning women and work, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. The number of women looking to an occupation outside of the home as a major source of their identity is decreasing. b. Occupational options for women are increasing. c. Many women work not only out of choice but also out of necessity. d. Several studies have demonstrated that women's lives are enhanced by employment.
The number of women looking to an occupation outside of the home as a major source of their identity is decreasing.
The European psychiatrist who dedicated his professional life to the study of meaning in life is: a. Victor Frankl. b. Dalai Lama. c. Irvin Yalom. d. Maya Angelou.
Victor Frankl.
Spirituality is often viewed as all of the following EXCEPT: a. a journey forced by others. b. an odyssey c. a pilgrimage d. an expedition into the meaning of life.
a journey forced by others.
A person's aptitude refers to his or her: a. ability to learn. b. motivation to achieve goals. c. interest in work-related activities. d. occupational choice.
ability to learn
Typically, if women do strive toward career aspirations, they: a. also carry the responsibilities of parent and spouse. b. do not feel pressure to carry out family responsibilities. c. decide not to marry or to have a family. d. are able to hire household help so they can devote the time they need to be successful in their careers.
also carry the responsibilities of parent and spouse.
Which personality type tends to be creative, expressive, original, intuitive, individualistic, and strives to stand out from the crowd? a. social type b. realistic type c. enterprising type d. artistic type
artistic type
The third stage of dying as theorized by Kübler-Ross, which is basically an attempt to postpone the inevitable end, is: a. pleading. b. bargaining. c. praying. d. negotiating.
bargaining.
An individual having recurrent and intense sexual urges, fantasies, and behaviors that tend to be a source of much disruption, dysfunction, and pain to many people and to those close to them is said to have: a. compulsive sexual behavior. b. obsessive sexual behavior. c. unhealthy sexuality. d. maladaptive sexuality.
compulsive sexual behavior.
Jerry is dying a slow, painful death from cancer and has thought about ending his life by suicide. His desire to die is most likely based on his need to: a. end the pain. b. express his shame or failure. c. punish himself. d. plead for euthanasia.
end the pain
Psychological factors that contribute to erectile dysfunction include all of the following EXCEPT: a. feelings of guilt. b. prolonged depression, hostility or resentment. c. feelings of superiority and arrogance. d. anxiety about personal adequacy.
feelings of superiority and arrogance.
Although there are __________ regarding ways of viewing sex and love, people generally value love and affection in sexual relationships. a. gender differences b. gender similarities c. sexual differences d. sexual similarities
gender differences
Reliving some of our childhood experiences of loneliness can a. bring on pain and should be avoided at all costs. b. be a futile attempt to rewrite the past. c. help us come to grips with present fears about being alone or lonely. d. only be done with the help of a counselor.
help us come to grips with present fears about being alone or lonely.
Each of Holland's personality types can best be understood through the following diagram: a. hexagon. b. circle. c. bar graph. d. cube.
hexagon
Although we may not be responsible for systemic forms of discrimination, we are responsible for: a. how we respond to and perpetuate these realities in our own lives. b. how others we know respond to racism in their lives. c. the feelings of oppressed minorities when others discriminate against them. d. erasing all of the past hurts and pain that the majority culture has caused.
how we respond to and perpetuate these realities in our own lives.
Ellen is an 85-year-old widow who spends most of her days watching television and doing crossword puzzles. She has few friends and only has occasional contact with her family because she doesn't want to be a burden to them. Ellen complains that she is lonely and is unable to recognize that she a. is a prisoner of her loneliness because she fails to realize how much others could benefit from her company. b. is unable to change her pattern because she is set in her ways. c. needs to stop complaining so people will want to be with her. d. is feeling sorry for herself.
is a prisoner of her loneliness because she fails to realize how much others could benefit from her company.
Traditional male roles: a. are completely unhealthy for both men and women. b. are a part of the social fabric that will never change. c. may be satisfying for some men and may not need to be changed. d. must be discarded if men hope to be healthy and happy.
may be satisfying for some men and may not need to be changed.
Many of us fail to experience solitude because we a. allow our lives to become more and more frantic and complicated because we enjoy being busy. b. may fear that we will alienate others if we ask for private time. c. don't know how to make up good excuses when we want to decline invitations to be with friends. d. are social beings with a need to belong.
may fear that we will alienate others if we ask for private time
Designing a personal and meaningful set of sexual ethics: a. leads to irrational guilt based on giving behavioral expression to sexual desires. b. means assuming responsibility for yourself and taking into consideration how others are affected by your choice. c. allows us to act out sexual desires without guilt. d. is an easy task that can be accomplished through a process of honest questioning.
means assuming responsibility for yourself and taking into consideration how others are affected by your choice.
The gender-role transcendence model implies that: a. gender is an efficient means of characterizing traits. b. gender is a function of social approval or disapproval. c. personality traits should be separated from the individual's biological sex. d. gender-role identity is biological andtherefore difficult to change.
personality traits should be separated from the individual's biological sex.
Self-esteem can be eroded when a person experiences all of the following EXCEPT: a. does not feel valued at work. b. is prevented from working to her full potential. c. has been laid off or has difficulty finding employment. d. receives a promotion.
receives a promotion.
According to Frankl, what distinguishes us as humans is our: a. awareness of death. b. self-awareness. c. search for purpose and meaning. d. cognitive ability.
search for purpose and meaning.
19. As an expert witness in the trial of a military policeman involved in the Abu Ghraib prisoner abuse, Zimbardo describes how __________________forces transformed a good guard into a bad guard. a. intrapsychic b. hormonal c. situational d. neurological
situational
Staying in touch with friends and family members during times of __________ can stave off loneliness. a. unemployment b. employment c. travel d. self-care
unemployment
Women who make the choice to find their fulfillment primarily through the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker do so mainly because they: a. feel that they cannot enter the world of work. b. want to devote most of their time to their family. c. are fearful of balancing both a career and family. d. have no sense of identity outside of their homes.
want to devote most of their time to their family.
The ancient Greeks had an attitude toward death that is best summed up in the dictum: a. "Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow you may die." b. "Live each moment to the fullest and forget about dying." c. "Contemplate death if you would learn how to live." d. "Be willing to die for those things we believe in."
"Contemplate death if you would learn how to live."
The Bible is part of which religion? a. Christianity b. Buddhism c. Hinduism d. Judaism
Christianity
Sometimes people insulate themselves emotionally and find it difficult to recognize their flat emotional state. Which of the following could be helpful in this situation? a. Watching television. b. Counseling can help you become more expressive. c. Using social media to see what others are doing. d. Eating and sleeping more.
Counseling can help you become more expressive.
__________ involves speeding up the dying process, which can entail withholding or withdrawing life support. a. Hastened death b. Assisted suicide c. Murder d. Rational suicide
Hastened death
_________ is a close emotional relationship characterized by a deep level of caring for another person. a. Sexuality b. Sensuality c. Intimacy d. Enmeshment
Intimacy
The Qur'an is part of which religion? a. Christianity b. Buddhism c. Hinduism d. Islam
Islam
The Torah is part of which religion? a. Christianity b. Buddhism c. Hinduism d. Judaism
Judaism
__________ the persistent verbal, behavioral, and environmental assaults, insults, and invalidations that often occur subtly and are difficult to identify, can be very distressing for those who receive them. a. Hate crimes b. Radicalization c. Heroism d. Microaggressions
Microaggressions
___________________ is at the foundation of healing in 12-Step programs for people struggling with addictions to alcohol and mood-altering substances. a. Medication b. Tough love c. Spirituality d. Solitude
Spirituality
________ have revolutionized many aspects of our lives: the way we study, the way we interact with friends and family members, the way we play, and the way we work a. Occupational advances b. Personal advances c. Career advances d. Technological advances
Technological advances
A man tends to show his affection by being: a. emotionally available. b. vulnerable. c. androgynous. d. a "good provider."
a "good provider."
Organic causes of erectile dysfunction include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. cardiovascular disease. b. balanced blood levels. c. kidney disease. d. neurological and hormonal issues.
balanced blood levels.
30. When Ursula retired from the local school district, she used her teaching skills in her volunteer position as a mentor to disadvantaged children. As a retiree, she is considered a(n): a. continuer. b. adventurer. c. searcher. d. easy glider.
continuer.
The typical sequence in the stages of dying, according to Kübler-Ross, is: a. anger, denial, bargaining, despair, acceptance. b. denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance. c. shock, questioning, denial, bargaining, acceptance. d. anxiety, depression, anger, hope, joy.
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
The following tactic would be helpful to use when dealing with a dying person who is depressed: a. trying to cheer them up. b. helping them avoid the reality of the situation. c. encouraging them to talk about their feelings and make final plans. d. teaching them how to overcome the irrational "self-talk" that is keeping them stuck in their depression.
encouraging them to talk about their feelings and make final plans.
We begin to develop an implicit philosophy of life when we: a. first begin, as children, to wonder about life and death, love and hate, joy and fear, and the nature of the universe. b. are adolescents, seeking our own identity and questioning the meaning of life. c. are faced with a crisis and forced to face the fact that the meaning of life is the result of our own choosing. d. enter adulthood and formulate a clear sense of meaning and purpose in life.
first begin, as children, to wonder about life and death, love and hate, joy and fear, and the nature of the universe.
Drawing on his experiences in the death camp at Auschwitz, Frankl asserts that the inmates who had a much greater chance of surviving were those who: a. had a vision of some goal, purpose, or task in life. b. were able to concentrate on their own survival. c. had the ability to get their needs met. d. were able to accept their fate.
had a vision of some goal, purpose, or task in life.
Philip Zimbardo believes that the antidote to evil is__________, and he has spearheaded the nonprofit Heroic Imagination Project. a. evil b. heroism c. help d. fear
heroism
One of the greatest nonviolent leaders in world history, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., was inspired by all of the following EXCEPT: a. his Christian faith. b. his experiences with racism. c. the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi. d. his faith as a Quaker.
his faith as a Quaker.
Emily is dying, and her family has placed her in a homelike environment where she will be allowed to die with dignity. Emily is in a: a. hospital. b. hospice. c. nursing home. d. transitional home.
hospice.
Which of the following signs may NOT indicate that an individual is at risk for suicide? a. absence of a sense of purpose in life b. giving away prized possessions c. increased substance use d. increase in spending time with friends and family
increase in spending time with friends and family
Personal growth: a. is a destination. b. is a process, not a destination. c. is a short process that ends. d. is not very important.
is a process, not a destination.
Logotherapy is an approach to psychotherapy that involves healing through: a. catharsis. b. religion. c. meditation. d. meaning.
meaning.
Many people tend to experience the five stages of dying that Kübler-Ross has delineated in a(n) ____________________ fashion. a. linear b. nonlinear c. orderly d. identical
nonlinear
Even in the most dire situations, it is possible to give a new meaning to such circumstances by: a. ignoring what is happening. b. escaping through fantasy. c. our choice of attitudes. d. effective use of our defense mechanisms.
our choice of attitudes.
At its worst, living without meaning and values can: a. result in suicide. b. cause moderate distress. c. lead to boredom and stagnation. d. reduce one's productivity at work.
result in suicide.
The awareness of death: a. tends to paralyze us in terms of taking action. b. serves as an awakening experience. c. inevitably leads to a chronic state of depression. d. is considered to be unhealthy by most psychologists.
serves as an awakening experience.
When a family member commits suicide, the immediate reaction is generally: a. shock and distress. b. fear that another family member may repeat the act. c. a sense of shame because of the stigma of suicide. d. anger toward the deceased.
shock and distress.
In American society, there appears to be a cultural norm about grief that fosters an expectation: a. of rituals signifying that the period of mourning is over. b. that the grieving person will be "back to normal" in a short period of time. c. of years of counseling in order to fully process the grief. d. of a prolonged period of mourning.
that the grieving person will be "back to normal" in a short period of time.
Philip Zimbardo, who conducted the now-classic Stanford Prison Experiment in 1971, addresses the perplexing issue of how average, decent people become perpetrators of evil. He calls this: a. the Abu Ghraib phenomenon. b. the Lucifer effect. c. the Devil's workshop. d. the Stanford Prison Experiment Phase II.
the Lucifer effect.
A constellation of factors explains shyness. Which of the following is NOT one? a. not fearing rejection. b. being overly sensitive to negative feedback from others. c. lacking self-confidence and specific social skills. d. being frightened of intimacy.
not fearing rejection
Loneliness and hopelessness are experienced by anyone who feels there is little to look forward to or that he or she has no vital place in society, and such feelings are particularly common among a. young adults. b. adolescents. c. middle-aged individuals. d. older adults.
older adults
________ often feel that they are all alone in their world, that they are the first ones to have had the feelings they do, and that they are separated from others by some abnormality. a. Children b. Adolescents c. Young adults d. Older adults
Adolescents
Which of the statements below about STIs is FALSE? a. All STIs are treatable, but all are not curable. b. All STIs are curable. c. If STIs go untreated, they can cause sterility, organ damage, and life-threatening complications. d. Some STIs can be transmitted without direct genital-to-genital contact.
All STIs are curable.
_________ is societal norms for gender ideals that are often contradictory, inconsistent, and unattainable, and do not prepare a man for developing and maintaining nurturing relationships—something many men miss all their lives. a. Gender-bias b. Gender-stereotyping c. Gender-role transcendence d. Gender-role strain
Gender-role strain
Which of the following statements is true about the prevention of suicide? a. It is not possible to prevent all suicides. b. Preventive measures will not reduce the number of suicides at all. c. When someone displays suicidal signs, it is useless to provide empathy and support for them. d. Suicide prevention centers with 24-hour-a-day telephone support are not available in most cities.
It is not possible to prevent all suicides.
Jerilyn recently ended a lengthy relationship and seems to be filling all of her free time by going on dates and attending parties. She also seems to be eating more than usual for emotional reasons. These behaviors could be indicative of a. Jerilyn's changing metabolism. b. Jerilyn's fear of loneliness. c. Jerilyn's need for excitement. d. Jerilyn's inability to reflect on her life.
Jerilyn's fear of loneliness.
What is the relationship between shyness and loneliness? a. People who have difficulty dealing with shyness often withdraw socially, and social withdrawal generally exacerbates matters and can lead to loneliness. b. People who are shy tend to gravitate towards other people who are shy, which creates a communication barrier, and ultimately, loneliness. c. Shy people typically move far away from their families and end up with poor social networks, exacerbating their loneliness. d. There is no relationship between shyness and loneliness.
People who have difficulty dealing with shyness often withdraw socially, and social withdrawal generally exacerbates matters and can lead to loneliness.
Belinda completed an interest inventory designed by Holland and discovered that her three most prominent areas were Artistic, Social, and Enterprising (ASE). Which of the following behaviors/attitudes/qualities would Belinda be LEAST inclined to demonstrate based on her Holland profile? a. She would enjoy social gatherings and like to associate with well-known and influential people. b. She would be creative, expressive, original, intuitive, unconventional, and individualistic. c. She would engage in scholarly and scientific endeavors and be pessimistic and critical about nonscientific, simplistic, or supernatural explanations. d. She would behave in a friendly, warm, trusting, generous, enthusiastic, outgoing, and cooperative manner.
She would engage in scholarly and scientific endeavors and be pessimistic and critical about nonscientific, simplistic, or supernatural explanations.
___________ is a major factor that can interfere with being in a frame of mind that will allow a woman's body to respond sexually. a. Stress b. Negative conditioning c. Sensual deprivation d. Mechanical lovemaking
Stress
With regard to discussing the topic of sexuality in the classroom, which of the following guidelines is NOT recommended by the authors? a. It is of the utmost importance that appropriate boundaries be established and respected. b. Students should never be pressured to disclose their personal experiences regarding their sexual attitudes and behavior. c. The religious, cultural, and moral values of students need to be taken into consideration when facilitating discussions about sexuality in the classroom. d. Students should be pressured to disclose their personal experiences regarding their sexual attitudes and behavior if they hope to get the most out of the discussion.
Students should be pressured to disclose their personal experiences regarding their sexual attitudes and behavior if they hope to get the most out of the discussion.
Concerning men, all of the following are true statements EXCEPT: a. Men are more likely than women to engage in more than 50 behaviors associated with an increased risk of injury, disease, and death. b. There is an increased interest in men's consciousness-raising workshops. c. There is a trend for men to cling more steadfastly to traditional male roles. d. More men are exploring the impact of their relationship with their father on their current behavior.
There is a trend for men to cling more steadfastly to traditional male roles.
4. Solitude can be considered as a. basically the same thing as loneliness. b. something that happens to us when we experience a loss. c. a choice we make when we take time to be with ourselves, discover who we are, to engage in inner searching, and to renew and replenish ourselves. d. something that needs to be avoided at all costs.
a choice we make when we take time to be with ourselves, discover who we are, to engage in inner searching, and to renew and replenish ourselves.
The changing structure of gender relations has: a. altered what women expect of themselves and the role that men play in women's lives. b. made it possible to use previous generations as a model. c. led to the conclusion that the traditional division of labor between the sexes is natural and inevitable. d. led to the switching of roles.
altered what women expect of themselves and the role that men play in women's lives.
Some argue that technology promotes connectivity, whereas others believe it promotes: a. healthy solitude. b. shyness. c. social isolation. d. fear of connection.
social isolation.
Enterprising personality types possible occupations include: a. contractor, salesperson, entrepreneur, human resources specialist, newscaster, lawyer, or lobbyist. b. carpenter, cook, electrician, industrial arts teacher, materials engineer, mechanical engineer, metal shop supervisor, paramedic. c. accountant, bookkeeper, building inspector, editorial assistant, investment analyst, mortgage processor, payroll clerk, website editor. d. counselor, elementary school teacher, employee relations specialist, nurse, occupational therapist, personnel manager, police officer, political scientist.
contractor, salesperson, entrepreneur, human resources specialist, newscaster, lawyer, or lobbyist.
Roger and Becky have been dating for a year and decide they are no longer compatible and decide to break-up. Even after the decision is made they try to convince themselves that the state of their relationship isn't all that bad, that nobody is perfect, and that things would be worse if they separate. According to Kübler-Ross, they are in the following stage of grief: a. numbness and shock. b. rationalization. c. denial. d. reaction formation.
denial.
As people age and move closer to death, they tend to become increasingly aware that their world will disappear and that others cannot accompany them to their final destiny. This experience is best described as a. transient loneliness. b. chronic loneliness. c. everyday loneliness. d. existential loneliness.
existential loneliness.
The alternative to living according to a stereotype is to: a. accept the roles and expectations that have been imposed on us as children. b. become totally independent without relying on others for support. c. realize that we can actively define our own standards of what we want to be like as women or as men. d. acquire all the characteristics of the opposite sex.
realize that we can actively define our own standards of what we want to be like as women or as men.
Unlike loneliness, __________ is something that we choose for ourselves. a. intimate relationships. b. solitude. c. shyness. d. separation anxiety.
shyness
Which personality type tends to be the most understanding and insightful concerning the feelings and problems of others and likes to be helpful by serving in facilitative roles? a. investigative type b. social type c. counselor type d. interpersonal type
social type
Therapy is often viewed by men as: a. something that is foreign to the male psyche. b. a welcome opportunity for personal growth and self-exploration. c. an experience that is reminiscent of their early socialization. d. an important journey in life
something that is foreign to the male psyche.
As we try to relive lonely experiences from early childhood, we should remember that a. children live in a logical, well-ordered world and our memories are certain to be accurate. b. our childhood fears were greatly exaggerated so we are unlikely to carry them over into adulthood. c. strategies we adopted as children may remain with us in adulthood, even if they are no longer appropriate. d. strategies we learn as children are easy to replace when we no longer need them.
strategies we adopted as children may remain with us in adulthood, even if they are no longer appropriate.
Below is an example of negative "self-talk" that can set the shy person up for failure in social situations: a. "I'd better try something new, because it doesn't matter if I look like a fool." b. "If people only knew what I was like they would really like me." c. "I have nothing to fear by trying to approach a person I'd like to get to know." d. "Others constantly evaluate and judge me, and I'm sure I won't measure up to what they expect."
"Others constantly evaluate and judge me, and I'm sure I won't measure up to what they expect."
In as many as ___________of cases of erectile dysfunction, there is a physical reason. a. 30% b. 40% c. 60% d. 80%
80%
_____________________ refers to refraining from sexual activities which involve vaginal, anal, and oral intercourse. a. Abstinence b. Avoidance c. Menopause d. Sexual dysfunction
Abstinence
The jobs of graphic designer, architect, writer, editor, fashion designer, and public relations representative would be aligned with which of the following personality types according to Holland? a. Investigative Type b. Conventional Type c. Artistic Type d. Realistic Type
Artistic Type
The following is a misconception about sex: a. I am responsible for the level of my sexual satisfaction. b. Being sexually free means acting without any guilt or restrictions. c. I have the ability to overcome any negative conditioning I received about sex as I was growing up. d. Sexual relationships can remain exciting, even with the passage of time.
Being sexually free means acting without any guilt or restrictions.
__________ exists when people are unable to establish meaningful interpersonal relationships over a relatively long period of time and involves painful feelings and presents more of a problem in living. a. Chronic loneliness. b. Transient loneliness. c. Existential loneliness. d. Everyday loneliness.
Chronic loneliness.
__________ pertain to emotional and social skills, including characteristics such as compassion, empathy, warmth, and sensitivity to others. a. Expressive traits b. Instrumental traits c. Homosexual traits d. Heterosexual traits
Expressive traits
__________ involves going beyond the rigid categories of masculine and feminine to achieve a personal synthesis that allows for flexible behaviors in various situations. a. Gender-bias b. Gender-stereotyping c. Gender-role strain d. Gender-role transcendence
Gender-role transcendence
__________, is/are an invisible barrier that prevents many women, and especially ethnic minority women, from advancing to the highest professional levels. a. Unexpressed emotions b. Inner judges c. Fear of abandonment d. Glass ceiling
Glass ceiling
Jeff is quite shy and has difficulty meeting new people, making friends, and getting involved in many social activities. Which of the following would NOT be suggested? a. He put himself in situations where he would be forced to make social contact, even though he feels intimidated. b. He try to pinpoint the reasons or combination of factors underlying his shyness. c. He strive to become an extroverted personality since his shyness interferes so much with his life. d. He challenge the personal fears that keep him from being comfortable in social situations.
He strive to become an extroverted personality since his shyness interferes so much with his life.
__________________ is about continuing to foster the memory of a person's life even after he or she dies by involving the person in our daily lives, in our conversations, in the choices we make, and in our resources for living. a. Denial b. Delusional thinking c. Re-membering d. Post-Death Remembrance Syndrome
Re-membering
________ refers to sexually intimate behavior between two people without an emotional commitment. a. Sexuality b. Inhibition c. Sexual coercion d. The hook-up culture
The hook-up culture
______________ are considered to be higher in __________________, which suggests they are concerned about relationships with other people. a. Women; agency b. Men; agency c. Women; communion d. Men; communion
Women; communion
The social fitness perspective encourages us to think of shyness as a personality style, and NOT: a. a characteristic that exists on a continuum. b. a characteristic that results in feelings of depression, anxiety, and loneliness. c. a characteristic that prevents people from expressing their views and speaking up for their rights. d. a disease that needs to be cured.
a disease that needs to be cured.
The process of dying involves: a. choice concerning the losses we suffer in dying. b. a gradual diminishing of the range of choices available to us although we still have choices about how we handle it. c. an inability to choose our attitude toward our death and the way we relate to it. d. methodically going through the 5 stages of dying.
a gradual diminishing of the range of choices available to us although we still have choices about how we handle it.
Kübler-Ross emphasizes that the stages of dying: a. are neat, compartmentalized stages and every person passes through them in an orderly fashion. b. do not apply to those who are dying of AIDS. c. are a standard by which to judge whether a dying person's behavior is normal or right. d. are fluid, and a person may experience a combination of stages, skip one or more stages, or go back to earlier stages.
are fluid, and a person may experience a combination of stages, skip one or more stages, or go back to earlier stages.
People with poor self-concept: a. generally do well in the world of work. b. tend to see themselves as having a meaningful job. c. identify themselves with their work. d. are not likely to envision themselves in a meaningful job.
are not likely to envision themselves in a meaningful job.
Theresa is getting a degree in fine arts. She is a non-conformist, dressing to suit her personality, and expresses her personality by writing poetry and taking drama classes at the local community theater. According to Holland, Theresa has the following type of personality: a. artistic type. b. social type. c. enterprising type. d. abstract type.
artistic type.
Investigative personality types possible occupations include: a. financial planner, judge, lawyer, management trainee (any industry), operations manager, project director, sales manager, urban planner. b. carpenter, cook, electrician, industrial arts teacher, materials engineer, mechanical engineer, metal shop supervisor, paramedic. c. accountant, bookkeeper, building inspector, editorial assistant, investment analyst, mortgage processor, payroll clerk, website editor. d. biologist, veterinarian, surgeon, airline pilot, pharmacist, translator, actuary.
biologist, veterinarian, surgeon, airline pilot, pharmacist, translator, actuary.
Conventional personality types possible occupations include: a. financial planner, judge, lawyer, management trainee (any industry), operations manager, project director, sales manager, urban planner. b. carpenter, cook, electrician, industrial arts teacher, materials engineer, mechanical engineer, metal shop supervisor, paramedic. c. cashier, fire inspector, data manager, accountant, proofreader. d. chemical engineer, computer programmer, drafter, laboratory assistant, pharmacist, surgeon, systems analyst, veterinarian.
cashier, fire inspector, data manager, accountant, proofreader
Which personality type is well-organized, persistent, and practical; enjoys clerical and computational activities that follow set procedures; enjoys the security of belonging to groups and organizations; and makes a good team member although does not usually aspire to high positions of leadership? a. enterprising type b. conventional type c. realistic type d. organizational type
conventional type
Shannon enjoys working in clerical and computational activities. She works as an administrative assistant and is appreciated by her supervisor for being dependable, efficient, and conscientious. According to Holland, Shannon has the following type of personality: a. social type. b. enterprising type. c. realistic type. d. conventional type.
conventional type.
Social personality types possible occupations include: a. financial planner, judge, lawyer, management trainee (any industry), operations manager, project director, sales manager, urban planner. b. carpenter, cook, electrician, industrial arts teacher, materials engineer, mechanical engineer, metal shop supervisor, paramedic. c. accountant, bookkeeper, building inspector, editorial assistant, investment analyst, mortgage processor, payroll clerk, website editor. d. counselor, teacher, nanny, speech therapist, librarian, home health aide.
counselor, teacher, nanny, speech therapist, librarian, home health aide.
All of the following are common sexually transmitted infections EXCEPT for: a. herpes. b. delirium tremins. c. Chlamydial infection. d. genital warts.
delirium tremins.
Which personality type likes to organize, direct, and control the activities of groups, places a high value on status, power, money, and material possessions, and also sees itself as popular and having leadership abilities? a. supervisory type b. enterprising type c. social type d. enterprising type
enterprising type
Only __________ protect you from STIs as well as from pregnancy. a. pulling out b. oral sex c. female and male condoms d. the rhythm method
female and male condoms
Interest inventories are designed to a. predict job success. b. give some indication of job satisfaction. c. predict the job market. d. assess your work values.
give some indication of job satisfaction.
If you typically do more than is required as a college student, you are likely to do the following on your job: a. go beyond doing what is expected of you. b. feel utter frustration and exhaustion because of your need to prove yourself. c. take on too many tasks, which will lead to burnout. d. get behind in your work due to poor planning.
go beyond doing what is expected of you.
An increasing number of people are now able to work from: a. an occupational corporation. b. a different desk. c. more than one office. d. home and telecommute.
home and telecommute.
Motivation is an important factor in career decision making because: a. your abilities are related to your aptitude. b. your need to achieve is related to your self-concept. c. if you have career goals but do not have the persistence to pursue them, then your goals will not materialize. d. a realistic career choice depends on your interest in earning money.
if you have career goals but do not have the persistence to pursue them, then your goals will not materialize.
Traditional gender stereotypes categorize women as having all the following traits EXCEPT for being: a. passive. b. dependent. c. independent. d. unaccomplished.
independent.
What personality type tends to be theoretical and analytic in outlook and tends to be naturally curious about the world? a. social type b. investigative type c. scientific type d. realistic type
investigative type
A person who fits into the realistic type would have the following characteristics: a. has strong interpersonal and verbal skills. b. has a theoretical, analytic outlook. c. likes to work with things, objects, and animals rather than with ideas, data, and people. d. tends to be emotional and complicated.
likes to work with things, objects, and animals rather than with ideas, data, and people.
In the mid-18th century, __________ was erroneously believed to cause blindness and mental illness. a. sexual addiction b. sex c. masturbation d. oral sex
masturbation
A common example of __________ is the woman who decides to return to college or the job market after her children reach high school age. a. occupation b. midlife change c. Career d. a job
midlife change
According to Crooks and Baur (2017), what is the basis for effective sexual communication? a. nonverbal cues b. mutual empathy c. a spirit of adventure d. cultural conditioning
mutual empathy
All of the following are true concerning the relationship of self-concept to vocational decision-making EXCEPT: a. negative self-attitude has little influence on making appropriate vocational decisions. b. people with poor self-concepts tend to keep their aspirations low, usually resulting in low achievements. c. people with poor self-concepts may select and remain in a job they do not enjoy or derive satisfaction from based on their conviction that such a job is all they are worthy of. d. low self-esteem can result in limiting one's career choice.
negative self-attitude has little influence on making appropriate vocational decisions.
Which of the following is a typical feminine stereotype? a. possessing an aggressive and independent spirit b. tendency to be rational rather than emotional c. decisiveness and tactfulness d. passivity and dependent
passivity and dependent
Holland's theory is based on the assumption that: a. there is a relationship between interests and attitudes towards work. b. people can be classified as having one of six types of personal orientations to life that are relevant to the career decision-making process. c. a person's self-concept is the best single predictor of vocational success. d. academic aptitude is directly linked to occupational choice.
people can be classified as having one of six types of personal orientations to life that are relevant to the career decision-making process.
Which of the following does NOT get in the way of sensual and sexual pleasure, especially for men: a. unrealistic expectations. b. overemphasis on orgasm. c. fear of being unable to perform. d. realistic standards.
realistic standards.
A person who fits into the investigative type would have the following characteristics: a. scholarly and scientific, having a need to understand, explain, and predict what goes on around them. b. tends to have good leadership and persuasive skills. c. likes to be different and strive to stand out from the crowd. d. thrives in highly structured situations with externally imposed rules.
scholarly and scientific, having a need to understand, explain, and predict what goes on around them.
Making time for yourself is a basic part of: a. shyness. b. self-care. c. loneliness. d. connectivity.
self-care
Mental health professionals and sexologists disagree over the most appropriate way to describe the behavior of someone who is obsessed with sex, but the term __________ has entered our vocabulary. a. sexual addiction b. sexual obsession c. sexual attention d. sexual acceptance
sexual addiction
Roger is a friendly, enthusiastic, outgoing individual. People seek him out with their problems because they perceive Roger to be understanding, supportive and caring. In fact, he often takes on the role of counselor when dealing with others. According to Holland, Roger has the following type of personality: a. social type. b. counselor type. c. interpersonal type. d. facilitating type.
social type.
Realistic personality types possible occupations include: a. financial planner, judge, lawyer, management trainee (any industry), operations manager, project director, sales manager, urban planner. b. sound technician, mechanical engineer, landscape gardener, cook, exterminator, locksmith, plumber, safety inspector. c. accountant, bookkeeper, building inspector, editorial assistant, investment analyst, mortgage processor, payroll clerk, website editor. d. counselor, elementary school teacher, employee relations specialist, nurse, occupational therapist, personnel manager, police officer, political scientist.
sound technician, mechanical engineer, landscape gardener, cook, exterminator, locksmith, plumber, safety inspector.
In regard to the acceptance stage of dying: a. it is a happy stage because the person is no longer struggling with a desire to live. b. all people achieve acceptance before dying. c. the person is neither depressed nor angry, often tired and weak, and deals with reality. d. it is one of surrender and despair because of the realization that it is futile to fight any longer.
the person is neither depressed nor angry, often tired and weak, and deals with reality.
When children are asked what they want to be when they grow up, the implication is that: a. they will not be grown up until they decide on a career. b. those who ask the question are completely inappropriate and are violating boundaries by pressuring the children. c. they are destined to become eminent in their fields one day. d. what they choose is what they must decide to do later in life.
they will not be grown up until they decide on a career.
A common form of __________________ that many new college students experience is homesickness. a. transient loneliness b. chronic loneliness c. neurosis d. personality disorder
transient loneliness
According to Holland, social types of personality dislike a. being in the company of other people when they have problems. b. being the center of attention. c. working with machines or data and at highly organized, routine, and repetitive tasks. d. expressing their emotions.
working with machines or data and at highly organized, routine, and repetitive tasks.
