Psychology of Human Dev. Chp 17 (quiz questions)

John is 70 years old. He has been a chain smoker throughout his adult years. Consequently, now he is unable to see clearly objects that are in close proximity even though he has a relatively normal peripheral vision. The disease that has marred John's vision is A. glaucoma. B. cataracts. C. retinal hardening. D. macular degeneration.

D. macular degeneration.

According to the cellular clock theory of aging, cells can divide a maximum of A. 50 to 60 times. B. 65 to 70 times. C. 80 to 100 times. D. 75 to 80 times.

D. 75 to 80 times.

Shane is 67 years old. Although he does not have any disease, he goes for regular health checkups. Which of the following is likely to be observed in his medical report? A. His lung capacity has increased. B. His lungs have become more elastic. C. His diaphragm has strengthened. D. His chest has shrunk.

D. His chest has shrunk.

________ theory states that aging is due to the decay of ________. A. Free-radical; oxygen molecules B. Free-radical; mitochondria C. Stress; nutrients D. Mitochondrial; mitochondria

D. Mitochondrial; mitochondria

Which of the following is true of changes in touch and pain sensitivity in older adults? A. With aging, individuals could detect touch less in the upper extremities than in the lower extremities. B. Increased sensitivity to pain can help older adults cope with disease and injury. C. Older adults are more sensitive to pain than are younger adults. D. The most frequent pain complaints of older adults are back pain, peripheral neuropathic pain, and chronic joint pain.

D. The most frequent pain complaints of older adults are back pain, peripheral neuropathic pain, and chronic joint pain.

Which of the following chronic conditions has been associated with the greatest limitations on work? A. diabetes B. asthma C. heart condition D. arthritis

D. arthritis

Gisela is suffering from a condition that involves thickening of the lenses of her eyes. This causes her vision to become cloudy or distorted. Identify the condition that Gisela is suffering from. A. macular degeneration B. glaucoma C. nearsightedness D. cataracts

D. cataracts

Nathan just celebrated his 100th birthday. It can be said that Nathan is a(n) A. millennial B. supercentenarian C. adolescent D. centenarian

D. centenarian

Jake has been diagnosed with a condition characterized by damage to the optic nerve due to a buildup of fluid in the eye. Jake is suffering from A. retinopathy. B. cataracts. C. macular degeneration. D. glaucoma.

D. glaucoma.

John is 70 years old. He has been a chain smoker throughout his adult years. Consequently, now he is unable to see clearly objects that are in close proximity even though he has a relatively normal peripheral vision. The disease that has marred John's vision is A. retinal hardening B. glaucoma C. cataracts D. macular degeneration

D. macular degeneration

Among ethnic groups in the United States, _____ have high death rates for stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and female breast cancer. A. African Americans B. Latinos C. Asian Americans D. Non-Latino Whites

A. African Americans

_____ are theorized to act much like a fire extinguisher, helping to neutralize free-radical activity and reduce stress caused by damage to cells. A. Antioxidants B. Ketone bodies C. Antibiotics D. Antihistamines

A. Antioxidants

In the study by Judith Rodin and Ellen Langer (1977), which of the following was found to be the result of older adults having perceived control over their own lives? A. It was found to increase longevity. B. It increased the levels of stress. C. It led to fewer social interactions. D. It significantly reduced life expectancy.

A. It was found to increase longevity.

With age.... A. both brain weight and brain volume decrease B. neither brain weight nor brain volume decreases C. brain weight decreases; brain volume does not decrease D. brain volume decreases; brain weight does not decrease

A. both brain weight and brain volume decrease

Ruth and Gerald are a married couple. Both are in their late 60s. It is likely that as they get older, _____. A. both ruth and gerald will get shorter B. ruth will get shorter, but gerald will not get shorter C. gerald will get shorter, but ruth will not get shorter D. only if ruth or gerald has osteoporosis, he or she will get shorter

A. both ruth and gerald will get shorter

a recent meta-analysis of seven studies concluded that dietary intakes (not vitamin supplements) of vitamin E,C, and beta-carotene were linked to a reduced risk _______ disease A. cardiovascular B. kidney C. Parkinson D. Alzheimer

A. cardiovascular

Which of the following is a risk factor in the development of cataracts? A. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease B. arthritis C. diabetes D. cardiovascular disease

A. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

which of the following is a result of declining color vision in the green-blue-violet part of the color spectrum? A. difficulty in accurately distinguishing between objects of closely related colors B. difficulty in seeing colored objects that are at a distance C. difficulty in seeing objects that are very close D. difficulty in accurately distinguishing between objects of contrasting colors

A. difficulty in accurately distinguishing between objects of closely related colors

Which of the following biological reasons explains women's increased resistance to infections and degenerative diseases? A. estrogen production and the additional X chromosome B. better osmoregulation and lower trans fat C. postmenopausal hormone levels and increased body water D. lower cholesterol levels and improved lung function

A. estrogen production and the additional X chromosome

Stuart is 67 years old, widowed, and lives alone. Recently, he has started drinking too much and frequently engages in binge drinking. Stuart's example presents a case of A. late-onset alcoholism B. geriatric alcoholism C. relapse alcoholism D. manic depressive alcoholism

A. late-onset alcoholism

identify the region of the human brain in which neurogenesis has been documented in adults A. prefrontal cortex B. amygdala C. hypothalamus D. olfactory bulb

A. prefrontal cortex

_____ are the eighth leading cause of death among older adults A. unintended injuries B. suicides C. homicides D. chronic illnesses

A. unintended injuries

________ are theorized to act much like a fire extinguisher, helping to neutralize free-radical activity and reduce stress caused by damage to cells. A. antibiotics B. antioxidants C. antihistamines D. ketone bodies

B. antioxidants

Which of the following is a result of declining color vision in the green-blue-violet part of the color spectrum? A. difficulty in accurately distinguishing between objects of contrasting colors B. difficulty in accurately distinguishing between objects of closely related colors C. difficulty in seeing objects that are very close D. difficulty in seeing colored objects that are at a distance

B. difficulty in accurately distinguishing between objects of closely related colors

Color vision declines with age because of A. a decline in the effectiveness of the cones to discriminate colors. B. the yellowing of the lens of the eye. C. cataracts preventing certain parts of the light spectrum from entering the lens of the eye. D. a reduction in the light entering the peripheral area of the visual field.

B. the yellowing of the lens of the eye.

Based on the ways cells divide, Hayflick places the upper limit of the human life-span potential at about _____ years of age. A. 110 - 119 B. 100 - 110 C. 120 - 125 D. 90 - 100

C. 120 - 125

Uncle Roger tells you that he is a member of the "oldest-old" club, when asked about age. Without knowing his exact age, you would know that Uncle Roger is at least _____ years old. A. 70 B. 80 C. 85 D. 75

C. 85

________ are the most noticeable changes in physical appearance in late adulthood. A. Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis B. Reduction in height and weight C. Wrinkles and age spots D. Loss of hair and brittle nails

C. Wrinkles and age spots

One of the conditions to which prolonged, elevated levels of stress-related hormones have been associated with is A. roseola B. seizure. C. diabetes. D. arthritis.

C. diabetes.

Researchers have extended the life of a human cell by A. removing the cap of the DNA molecule. B. rearranging the DNA sequences. C. injecting it with telomerase. D. splicing the 18th and 19th chromosomes.

C. injecting it with telomerase.

what is the leading cause of blindness in older adults? A. presbyopia B. retinal hardening C. macular degeneration D. myopia

C. macular degeneration

_____ are the most noticeable changes in physical appearance in late adulthood A. osteoporosis and osteoarthritis B. loss of hair and brittle nails C. wrinkles and age spots D. reduction in height and weight

C. wrinkles and age spots