psychology quiz
For each statement, select which of the two theories of color vision it fits with best. Perceiving purple is a result of receiving messages from two types of cells: those that perceive red and those that perceive blue.
trichromatic
There are three types of cone cells, one for each primary color.
trichromatic
The vibration of the ________ causes the ossicles to move.
tympanic membrane
Which taste is associated with monosodium glutamate?
umami
You are trying to describe the taste of a cheeseburger to your vegetarian friend. A good descriptor for the meaty, savory taste you experience would be ________.
umami
Which of the following is involved in maintaining balance and body posture?
vestibular system
The property that differentiates the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see from the part we cannot see is ________.
wavelength
The hue that we perceive (red, green, etc.) depends on the [Select] wavelength amplitude saturation hertz value of the light, whereas the brightness of the light depends on [Select] decibel value saturation amplitude wavelength .
wavelength, amplitude
At a football game, your friend from ten rows down yells at you to bring them some of your popcorn. At first you couldn't understand what they were asking, but once you saw their mouth, you could make out the request. This is consistent with the ________.
with the results of the Sumby and Pollack study on the audiovisual advantage
________ cues require only one eye.
Monocular
________ fire in response to any potential tissue-damaging stimuli.
Nociceptors
This arrow is pointing to which part of the eye? Optical nerve
Optical nerve
________ does not explain how we hear high frequencies.
Temporal theory
What happened when the participants were asked to draw the size of the hole in Jessica Witt's research?
They drew the hole smaller than the actual hole size if surrounded by larger circles
________ involves the conversion of sensory stimulus energy into neural impulses.
Transduction
While you may not notice the change in the music's volume while at a party, you would definitely notice the change if you were trying to study in a quiet library. This supports the idea that the difference threshold is a constant fraction of the original stimulus, also known as ________.
Weber's law
Which of the following best describes how you perceive a 16,000 Hz tone?
a specific section of the basilar membrane will fire maximally to signal the pitch of the tone.
The opponent-process theory is supported by ________.
afterimages
Cues that require two ears are referred to as ________ cues.
binaural
Using the different images that each eye receives in order to perceive depth is called using ________ cues.
binocular
Subliminal messaging
can mildly influence behavior.
Because taste and smell have sensory receptors that respond to molecules, they are considered ________.
chemical senses
If Tyson, a track athlete, likes to apply a menthol rub to his legs after a hard workout. What skin receptors are activated by the cream?
chemoreceptors
Our tendency to perceive things as complete objects rather than as a series of parts is known as the principle of ________.
closure
Sierra turns off her car right before the last line of chorus of a popular song. Moments later while inside the store, she finds herself singing the last line. This exemplifies the gestalt principle of ________.
closure
Hearing loss resulting from damage to the bones of the middle ear is called ________ hearing loss.
conductive
Hearing aids might be effective for treating ________.
conductive hearing loss
According to the trichromatic theory of color vision, ________ in the retina are responsive to red, green, and blue.
cones
________ operate best under bright light conditions.
cones
This arrow is pointing to which part of the eye? cornea
cornea
If you live in a city with lots of buildings, walls, and straight lines, you will probably perceive the lines in the Müller-Lyer illusion as being
different lengths
Light energy with very low amplitude would be perceived as ________.
dim
A wavelength is measured by the ________ between one wave peak and the next wave peak.
distance
Psychologists use illusions to
explore what people experience and what parts of the brain are involved in perception
Psychologists use illusions to ________.
explore what people experience, what parts of the brain are involved in perception, and how to alter the illusion
Research indicates that sensorineural hearing loss is usually caused by ________.
exposure to loud noise
The main point of focus in a visual display is known as the ________.
figure
The ________ is a small indentation of the retina that contains cones.
fovea
This arrow is pointing to which part of the eye? Fovea
fovea
Pitch is determined by the ________ of sound waves.
frequency
Participants in Daniel Simons' and Christopher Chabris' study were asked to watch people pass a basketball. Because they were focused on doing so, the didn't see a gorilla walk across the screen. This phenomenon is called ________.
inattentional blindness
Temporal theory cannot be used to account for why we hear higher pitched sounds because ________.
individual neurons cannot fire fast enough
The electromagnetic spectrum includes ________.
infrared light, x-rays, radio waves
For this image, select the monocular cue that best indicates that the duck is behind the bars. Note that for this picture, multiple cues may apply, but only one correct answer will be presented.
interposition
This arrow is pointing to which part of the eye? iris
iris
What area of the eye controls the size of the pupil?
iris
What is the function of the retina?
it contains photoreceptor cells
What is the function of the iris?
it controls the size of the pupil
If you are conversing in a noisy environment,
it is helpful to watch the mouth of the person speaking to you.
Deondre is working on his swing at baseball practice and is focusing on keeping his elbow out high and his arm turned with his shoulders back. This awareness of his own movement through space is called ________.
kinesthesia
Martha is working on her swing at softball practice and is focusing on keeping her elbow out high and her arm turned with her shoulders back. This awareness of her own movement through space is called ________.
kinesthesia
This arrow is pointing to which part of the eye? lens
lens
For this image, select the monocular cue that lets you know that the red cube is closer than the blue one. Note that for this picture, multiple cues may apply, but only one correct answer will be presented.
light and shadow
For this image, select the monocular cue that indicates that the part of the pier going from left to right in the center of the picture is farther away than the part that is in the lower part of the picture. Note that for this picture, multiple cues may apply, but only one correct answer will be presented.
linear perspective
Cocking your head would be most useful for detecting the ________ of a sound.
location
Merkel's disks and Ruffini corpuscles are examples of ________.
mechanoreceptors
What skin receptors are activated while holding hands?
mechanoreceptors
When Brad got into a minor car accident, he hopped right out of the car to assess the damage. He didn't notice until later that night that he had a pretty serious cut on his leg. The fact that he didn't notice is consistent with the ________.
motivation-decision model
The idea that we perceive the world while utilizing a combination of senses is known as ________.
multi-modal perception
Pain that results from damage to neurons of the peripheral or central nervous system is called ________.
neuropathic pain
Smelling the lingering scent of the fish you reheated in the microwave is an example of ________.
olfaction
Olfactory receptor cells pick up odor molecules which activate electrical impulses that send messages to the brain via the ________.
olfactory bulb
Afterimages caused by staring at a blue image then looking away makes you perceive yellow.
opponent-process
Neurons in the retina are excited by one color but inhibited by another color.
opponent-process
The ________ carries visual information from the retina to the brain.
optic nerve
________ occurs when sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.
perception
Which of the following is most likely if a sound source is to your left?
the sound will be slightly louder at the left ear than the right ear.
Which sense relies on the organs of the inner ear to help maintain balance and body posture?
the vestibular sense
Perception is ________.
the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and experienced
According to Gestalt psychology, ________.
the whole is different from the sum of its parts.
What skin receptors are activated most when you grab a hot cup of coffee?
thermoreceptors
When the brain receives nociceptive signals from the body, ________.
they can be blocked by the brain's descending pain modulatory system
A sound's purity is called its ________.
timbre
The quality of a sound that is affected by frequency, amplitude, and timing of the sound wave is known as ________.
timbre
Chemical messages often sent between two members of a species to communicate something about reproductive status are called ________.
pheromones
Which correctly describes the process of hearing?
pinnea - auditory canal - tympanic membrane - ossicles - cochlea - auditory nerve
The fact that the base of the basilar membrane responds best to high frequencies supports the ________ theory of hearing.
place
Amanda has a severe hearing loss and recently received a cochlear implant. The implant has several electrodes that are surgically placed into her inner ear. The electrodes differ slightly in length so that each electrode stimulates a different area in the cochlea. Electrode #1 stimulates a certain area when a sound at 5000Hz is presented. Electrode #2 stimulates a different area when a sound at 6000Hz is presented. Electrode #3 stimulates yet another spot when a sound at 7000Hz is presented, etc. This manner of encoding pitch is most like which strategy used by listeners with normal hearing?
place theory
Which theory holds that the pitch we hear is determined by the particular location on the cochlea where the hair cells vibrate the most?
place theory
This activity will introduce you to some common monocular cues. Take a guess as to which monocular cue enables you to interpret depth in the following images. For this image, select the monocular cue that lets you know that the animal is closer than the mountain. Note that for this picture, multiple cues may apply, but only one correct answer will be presented.
position
Joanna is competing on Jeopardy!. She doesn't have to think about the distance between her finger and the buzzer and knows just how hard to press because of ________.
proprioception
According to the principle of ________, objects that occur close to one another tend to be grouped together.
proximity
Mason has a cochlear implant. He is able to hear because the implant
receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain.
If you were to stare at a green dot for a relatively long period of time and then shift your gaze to a blank white screen, you would see a ________ negative afterimage.
red
For this image, select the monocular cue that lets you know that the man is closer than the car. Note that for this picture, multiple cues may apply, but only one correct answer will be presented.
relative size
This arrow is pointing to which part of the eye? retina
retina
What part of the eye contains photoreceptor cells?
retina
In the McGurk illusion, what you ________ overrides what you ________.
see; hear
Hearing aids are ineffective in treating ________, which is caused by damage to the hair cells in the cochlea that impairs the transmission of signals about sound to the brain.
sensorineural hearing loss
Decreased sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as ________.
sensory adaptation
When surrounded by larger circles, a center circle will appear ________ than if surrounded by smaller circles.
smaller
Congenital deafness is ________.
something someone is born with
When you hear a tone of 200 Hz, the hair cells in the cochlea begin vibrating 200 times per second. This is the idea behind the ________.
temporal theory of hearing
If your eyes see someone saying "ball" but the word you hear is "doll", the struggle to make sense of that information in your brain is consistent with ________.
the McGurk effect
Austin has never met one of his work colleagues, having only interacted online or on the phone. He's still able to pick out his coworker at a conference in a room full of people because of ________.
the cross-modal relationship between auditory speech and visual information
What is wavelength?
the distance from one wave peak to the next
Did you read the second "the" in the sentence in the image? You probably didn't, because your brain doesn't expect to have "the" a second time and skips over it so that the sentence works in the context of what you are familiar with. This is an example of
top-down processing
Which of the following correctly matches the pattern in our perception of color as we move from short wavelengths to long wavelengths?
yellow to orange to red
You walk by the same billboard on the way to school each day, but have never actually looked at it. When asked to guess which billboard it was from a selection of billboards, you somehow identify the right one because
you subliminally processed the image.
The audible range for humans is ________.
20-20,000 Hz
The visible spectrum includes light that ranges from about ________.
400-700nm
________ refers to the minimum amount of stimulus energy required to be detected 50% of the time.
Absolute threshold
Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of similarity, and proximity?
Gestalt
What is the function of the part of the eye identified by the arrow?
It allows light to enter eye
What is the function of the part of the eye identified by the arrow?
It contains photoreceptor cells
Which illusion plays on converging lines and convinces your brain that a more distant line in an image must be longer than a line that appears close?
Ponzo illusion
According to the law of ________, we are more likely to perceive smoothly flowing lines rather than choppy or jagged lines.
good continuation
Jessica Witt's study tested ________.
how the perception of the size of a golf hole affects golfing performance
Failure to notice something that is completely visible because of a lack of attention is called ________.
inattentional blindness
