Psychology: Tests

Which is a major area of study in psychology?

behaviorism

Who does NOT experience critical periods?

both animals ✔ neither humans

Chemical senses require _____ for transduction to occur.

both chemical receptors and neurons

What is the major difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?

Psychologists cannot prescribe medication will psychiatrists can.

___________ are responsible for converting sensory messages into neural impulses.

Receptors

Why is a survey better than a case study to find out people's preferences for choosing one video game system over another?

Surveys allow many people to report their personal opinions.

During times of stress, Yanira notices that her heart pounds a little faster than normal. What part of the brain is responsible for her increased heart rate?

brain stem

How does transduction allow your body to experience its senses?

by converting the sensory messages into neural impulses

How does your brain communicate with the rest of your body?

by sending signals through cells called neurons

Talking to a friend _____.

can help you see past the emotions of a stressful situation

Match the vocabulary terms to the correct definitions. 1. apathy 2. competent 3. expectations 4. autonomy 5. stress

1. Trudy doesn't care about doing well in school. 2. Javier knows he is able to build a birdhouse. 3. fear of failure or success 4. Alfonzo likes to make choices on his own 5. Quincy feels anxious and distressed about a test.

Match the following items. 1. perspective 2. discipline 3. introspection 4. zone of proximal development 5. clinical

1. a specific way of thinking or view 2. a branch of knowledge 3. to look within yourself 4. the gap between a person's current level of development and the potential development that can be achieved 5. concerned with the treatment of disease

Match the following items. 1. schema 2. industry 3. withdrawal 4. critical period 5. egocentric

1. an organized way of viewing the world around you 2. devotion to completing a task 3. the process the body goes through when quitting drugs 4. an important window of time for development 5. view of the world with you at the center of it

UNIT 2 QUIZ 2

Motivation, Emotion, and Stress

According to Gestalt psychology, why do our minds fill in the gaps for information we don't know?

Our minds naturally seek order and patterns to find answers.

Baby Patricia is almost two years old. When a toy is taken from her sight, she quickly forgets about it and chooses something else to play with. Why did she forget?

Patricia doesn't have the ability to know that the toy still exists.

Colette burned her finger on a plate that just came out of the microwave. The instant she touched the plate, she felt the painful burn. Which part of the brain allows her to have these sensations?

parietal lobe

Psychophysics is the study of _____.

people's reactions and perceptions to stimuli

Knowing how sensory processes work can allow you to _____.

persuade people influence a person's perception calm an agitated baby with soothing music ✔ all of the above

In what stage do children see the world in an egocentric way?

preoperational

What is the correct order in which these theories emerged, from earliest to latest?

psychodynamic, behaviorism, humanistic, cognitivism

Which is an autonomic body function?. Select all that apply.

raising your hand in class ✔ getting sweaty palms when nervous bending over to pick up a book you dropped ✔ salivating at the thought of a hamburger squinting in the sunlight

The instant a sensory message reaches your body, _____ convert the message into neural impulses.

receptors

What is the main purpose of the endocrine system?

regulate hormones

What is the main responsibility of the endocrine system?

regulate hormones

What feeling would you likely experience if you negatively valued a goal?

resistance anger dread ✔ all of the above

What feeling would you likely experience if you negatively valued a task or goal?

resistance anger dread ✔ all of the above

Which is an autonomic body function?

salivating at the thought of a hamburger

What are the two elements needed for neural communication to happen?

sodium and potassium

Which two senses are considered "chemical senses"?

taste and smell

Hellen Keller was stricken with scarlet fever as an infant and ended up blind and with no hearing. Her ability to speak didn't occur until she was nearly adult. What area of the brain was severely affected by the scarlet fever?

temporal lobe

What is the purpose of the retina?

to convert light rays into neural impulses

Kathryn ate a bag of salty chips. What allowed her brain to register the flavor of the chips?

transduction occurring from the taste buds

What are some feelings that you'll likely experience if you expect to succeed? Select all that apply.

uncertainty ✔ excitement hesitation ✔ desire for focus ✔ anticipation ✔ happiness

Roco was asked to fold a basket of laundry. He complied but did a sloppy job of folding the pants and shirts. He didn't feel it was his choice to do this task, and he wanted the ordeal over. What type of goal orientation did Roco display toward folding laundry?

work-avoidant goal

Which is NOT a true statement about goals? Select all that apply.

✔ Accomplishing goals means you are mature. Accomplishment come from the completion of a goal. ✔ Goals are mostly for the purpose of learning. Goals are measurable.

UNIT 1

TEST

UNIT 2

TEST

Teen boys who experience massive growth spurts can thank their endocrine system for signaling the body to grow.

True

The endocrine system is composed of many parts of the body.

True

The neuron is the basis for neural communication.

True

Emmet didn't want to weed the garden. He put off the task toward the end of the day. He even tried to get his sister to do the job. What type of goal orientation did Emmet display toward weeding the garden?

work-avoidant goal

What happens to sparrows that don't learn their song during the critical period?

The sparrows have lost their chance to ever fully learn their song

How can people use sensory processes in a practical way?

They can be used to persuade people. They can be used to influence a person's perception. They can be used to calm you down by listening to soothing music. ✔ all of the above

What is the purpose of using the Scientific Method? Select all that apply.

This method allows people to collect opinions for personal use. ✔ This method allows people to separate fact from fiction. This method prevents false information from circulating. ✔ This method allows people to conduct orderly research. ✔ This method allows people to make new discoveries.

Identify a physiological reactions to stress.

noticing your heart racing

What are NOT some emotional reactions to stress?

noticing your heart racing

A researcher wants to study monkeys in their natural habitat, out in the wild. What type of qualitative research method is best to use?

observational

What term is used when a child constructs a world around something they believe, whether wrong or right?

schema

The _____ says that human behavior is purposeful.

Goal Theory

Select the statements that are true.

✔ Psychology is a part of your daily life. Psychology is focused on understanding animals. ✔ Psychology helps me relate to people. Psychology is not useful as a Christian. ✔ Psychology can contribute to better health.

What are reasons you would need to be debriefed after an experiment? Select all that apply.

✔ You took a placebo pill or any type of medication. You were a bystander on the street watching. ✔ You simply participated in an experiment. You never participated in the experiment after all. ✔ You were deceived during the experiment to give a reaction. ✔ Your mood and feelings were manipulated.

What physiological reactions happen due to stress? Select all that apply.

✔ immunity temporarily boosts permanent amnesia kicks in emotions spiral out of control adrenaline decreases ✔ breathing increases ✔ levels of cortisol increase

What does motivated behavior require? Select all that apply.

✔ persistence pure intent help from others ✔ a goal ✔ effort stringent rules to follow ✔ intensity

Match the vocabulary terms to the correct definitions. 1. retina 2. cochlea 3. taste buds 4. transduction 5. umami

1. changes light rays into neural impulses 2. contains receptors for hearing 3. the ability to taste sweet, salty, sour and bitter flavors. 4. a physical stimulus is converted into nerve impulses 5. sometimes called the fifth sense; associated with monosodium glutamate and high-protein foods

Match the terms to their correct definitions. 1. cell body 2. dendrites 3. axon 4. myelin sheath

1. contains the nucleus of the cell 2. branching part of the neuron that receives transmissions from other neurons 3. one long fiber with branches at the end 4. insulation that speeds up transmissions from other neurons

A researcher wants to find out how much anxiety seniors in American high schools experience while taking the AP English examination. Match the parts of the experiment to their appropriate terms. 1. the AP English examination 2. anxiety 3. seniors 4. American high schools

1. independent variable 2. dependent variable 3. sample 4. population

Match the vocabulary terms to the correct definitions. 1. ear drum 2. cochlea 3. retina 4. lens 5. odor molecules

1. location where sound waves strike 2. contains receptors for hearing 3. changes light rays into neural impulses 4. changes shapes to help you focus 5. stimulates the neurons in your olfactory epithelium

Compare behaviorism and cognitive psychology and choose the statements that are accurate for both subfields in psychology.

Behaviorists intend to consider feelings but often forget to ask subjects how they felt. ✔ Cognitive psychology involves memory and other methods to recall information. ✔ Behaviorism focuses on observable actions only. ✔ Cognitive psychology focuses on people's thoughts, desires, and motives.

UNIT 2 QUIZ 1

Biology and Sensory Processes

What do negative values and expectations for fear of failure have in common?

Both involve negative emotions and outlooks which cause goals to not be met.

How are negative values and fear of failure similar?

Both involve negative emotions and outlooks.

Wundt's pendulum experiment concluded that people need time to shift between one stimulus and another. How does Wundt's experiment apply to you and me?

Contestants on a game show may not push the buzzer at the exact instant they happen to hear the correct answer. Kids who play freeze tag may not be able to freeze at the exact moment they hear the word "freeze." ✔ All are examples. It takes a few seconds to step on the car brakes after seeing the brake lights on the car in front of you.

Your body is in transduction only after you see the object you're looking at.

False

Which theory says that human behavior is purposeful?

Goal Theory

What is NOT true of goals?

Goals are mostly for the purpose of learning.

What is a reason that Piaget became interested in children's development?

He listened to kids' wrong answers during IQ testing and was fascinated.

Which organization requires colleges to submit plans for any experiment that is about to be conducted?

Institutional Review Board (IRB)

What is true about the critical period of development?

It's a concept that often refers to the development of an unborn baby.

Which statement is NOT true about Accutane?

It's a medication that is made of Vitamin E.

How do expectations relate to future schooling?

It's important to choose classes where you believe you are able to do the assignments.

UNIT 3 QUIZ 1

Lifespan Development

Several of your friends play basketball at the park on the weekends. Your buddy, Tai-Yii, is a good player, but he happens to let the ball slip by accident when he attempts to dribble. After the dribbling mess-up, Tai-Yii goes back to the sideline and continues to practice his dribbling over and over again. How would a cognitive psychologist interpret Tai-Yii's repeated dribbling attempts?

Tai-Yii is motivated to dribble perfectly and knows that practice makes perfect.

How is talking to a friend helpful during stressful times?

Talking can help you see past the emotions of a stressful situation.

What would a developmental psychologist say about a young adult woman who throws a temper tantrum?

Tantrums are not developmentally normal for young adults.

A hypothesis allows you to predict the potential outcome of your research experiment.

True

Almost fifty percent of psychologists practice therapy.

True

Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause severe damage to a developing embryo.

True

Goals are more likely to happen if you first believe in or have a desire to perform the task.

True

Humanists felt strongly against comparing people to animals.

True

Humans and animals alike have critical periods of development.

True

Not having the amount of money you need or are accustomed to will create huge feelings of stress.

True

Successful goals come from positive values and a belief in success.

True

How does the sociocultural perspective relate to your development as a person?

Your friends and family influence you, but ultimately you control your thoughts and actions.

Ferguson thought the math assignment was a waste of time. After all, it was a basic review. He didn't bother to do the homework because he saw no point in it. What is Ferguson expressing?

a negative value reaction

Ms. Cox assigned a five-page English essay to her class, and one student sat in the back looking completely dreadful. "I don't care about this d**b assignment. Why do we have to do it? It's pointless!" she spoke angrily. What is this student expressing?

a negative value reaction

Visualizing a great basketball play and how you'd make a three-point basket is _____.

a way to cope with stress

Visualizing a school play and how you'd deliver your lines perfectly is _____.

a way to cope with stress

Identify the major functions of the endocrine system. Select all that apply.

cognitive functions body movements ✔ metabolism balance ✔ puberty ✔ body temperature

What abilities can you develop by studying psychology? Select all that apply.

control tactics for behavior to benefit the good of society ✔ more tolerance for people's views ✔ consideration of someone else's perspective in conversation ✔ greater patience and empathy

Transduction allow your body to experience its senses by _____.

converting the sensory messages into neural impulses

A researcher wants to find out if teens have higher rates of depression if they experiment with drugs. What is the dependent variable?

depression

When a message is transmitted from your brain, it's turned into a/an _____ and a/an _____ message which travels through an axon.

electrical, chemical

What is NOT a physiological reaction to stress? Select all that apply.

immunity temporarily boosts breathing increases ✔ emotions spiral out of control ✔ permanent amnesia kicks in levels of cortisol increase ✔ adrenaline decreases

When do you need informed consent?

in any experiment, so people know they can quit at any time

For a smell to begin the process of registering in your brain, first you must _____.

inhale odor molecules into the nasal cavity ✔ all answers can work transduce scent chemicals have a scent to inhale

God prefers us to be _________ motivated when we give.

intrinsically

Rachelle had an important algebra test coming up. She wanted to do well, but knew that learning the concepts was very important if she hoped to do well in future math classes. She spent a lot of time studying because she wanted to learn everything she could. What type of goal orientation does Rachelle display toward studying algebra?

learning goal

Tori was about to take a test for her food handler license. She wanted to do well, and knew that what she learned would help out with any future job in the food industry. She spent a lot of time studying because she wanted to learn everything she could. What type of goal orientation does Tori display toward studying for her license?

learning goal

A negative correlation _____.

means that as one variable goes up and the other goes down