PTA 220 quizzes
The motion of bones relative to the three cardinal planes of the body is known as: A. Transverse adjustment B. Anatomic Positioning C. Osteokinematics D. Pivot point rot
C
The natural outward angulation of the forearm within the frontal plane is called: A. Excessive cubitus valgus B. Minimal cubitus valgus C. Normal cubitus valgus D. Natural cubitus valgus
C
The periosteoum is: A. SImilar to a thick hollow tube B. Important for storing bone marrow C. a tough thin membrane covering long bones D. A shock absorber between joints
C
The terminal nerves of the upper extremity originate from the anterior primary rami of what nerve roots? A. C4-T1 B. C1-C4 C. C5-T1 D. C5-C8 E. C1-C8
C
The ulnar nerve may be coomprised in the hand by the following stucture: A. Cubital tunnell B. Tunnel of guyon C. Transverse carpal ligament D. Arcade of frohse
C
The wrist extensor muscles are activated when making a strong grip to: A. Prevent the fingers from moving into an ulnar drift B. Help expand the diameter of the diameter of carpal tunnell C. Prevent the wrist from collapsing into an unwanted flexion D. Prevent the elbow from rotating into a flexed positon
C
This position makes it possible for therapist to mobilize a joint? A. Closed-Pack position B. Max congruent position C. Open-pack position D. Compressed position
C
Which ligament of the elbow is strained during throwing motions or activities? A. Radiocarpal ligament B. Annular ligament C. Medial collateral ligament D. Lateral collateral ligament
C
You provide your patient with a small ball to perform directed therapeutic activities. Holding a small ball is an example of which kind of grip? A. Hook grip B. Cylindrical grip C. Spherical grip D. Lumbrical grip
C
Your patient has median nerve paraylsis; your would expect weakenss of: A. The palmar and dorsal interossi B. Finger extensors C. Thenar muscles D. Elbow flexors
C
Your patient presents with significant weakness to the wrist extensors, finger extensors and thumb extensors. The nerve would most likely involved is: A. Musculocutaneous B. Ulnar C. Radial D. Median
C
__________ is porous, typically comprises the inner portions of a bone, and lightens bones A. Cortical bone B. Compact bone C. Cancellous bone D. Porous bone
C
Median nerve paralysis results in weakness of A. Palmar and dorsal interossi B. Finger extensors C. Thenar muscles D. Elbow flexors E. Shoulder flexors
C and also finger flexors
A synergist action occurring when two or more muscles produce a force in different linear directions but produce torque in the same rotary direction is known as: A. Co-Contraction B. Excursion C. Bridge extension D. Force-Couple
D
Which is not a depresssion or opening in a bones surface? A. Groove B. Facet C. Meatus D. Fossa
A
Which of the following movements occur about an anterior posterior axis? A. Abduction of the shoulder B. Flexion of the knee C. Pronation of the forearm D. External rotation of the hip
A
Which of the following types of activation occurs as a muscle produces an active force and simultaneously shortens? A. Concentric B. Eccentric C. Isometric D. Elliptic
A
You are palpating the UE of your patient. You come across is a small, thin muscle that can flex the wrist and tense the palmar fascia. This is the: A. Palmaris longus B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Digitorum superficialis D. Flexor carpi radialis
A
Your patient is performing careful abduction of the finger s/p injury. which of the following is true about abduction of the index finger? A. The motion occurs in the frontal plane B. The motion occurs in the sagittal plane C. the motion occurs about a medial-lateral axis D. the motion is synonymous with opposition
A
a patient has limited shoulder abduction, what portion of the joint capsule needs to be stretched? A. Inferior portion B. Superior portion C. anterior portion D. Posterior portion
A
The two major articulations at the wrist are A. Radiocarpal and ulnarcarpal joints B. Radiocarpal and midcarpal joints C. Midcarpal and intercarpal joints D. Distal radioulnar and radiocarpal joints
B
This concept states that a muscle must receive a sufficient level of resistance to stimulate hypertrophy \. Without a critical amount of resistance, muscle strenghtening will not occur. A. Adaptive Shortening B. Overload Principle C. Hypertrophy D. Excursion
B
This external force results in a gliding motion of a joint? A. Approximation B. Shear C. Bending D. Tension
B
Two muscles that have a synergistic relationship at the elbow/ forearm resulting in a force couple are? A. Biceps and pronator teres B. Biceps and supinator C. Pronator teres and supinator D. Biceps and triceps
B
When falling to catch yourself on an outstretched hands which of the following muscles will you least likely use? A. Serratus anterior B. Biceps Brachii C. Pectoralis major D. Triceps Brachii
B
A muscle/muscle group that supports a segment allowing an agonist to work more efficientely is the synergist.
False
T/F A motion such as flexing and extending the elbow with the hand free is an example of a closed chain motion
False
T/F A second class lever is the most common lever system in the body
False
T/F Afferent pathways carry signals to the periphery
False
T/F An actin-myosin relationship is not necessary to activate the muscle
False
T/F An arthrokinematic roll is a single point on one articular surface rotating on a single point on another articular surface
False
T/F Approximately 80% of the compressive forces from the hand is transferred directly to the ulna
False
T/F Divisions of the brachial plexus are named for their positional relationship to the axillary artery
False
T/F Extrinsic ligaments interconnect various carpal bones, transfer forces between the hand and forearm, and maintain shapes of radiocarpal and midcarpal joints.
False
T/F Fast twitch muscle operates via mostly aerobic metabolism
False
T/F Gravity is not considered an external force
False
T/F Lateral epicondylitis may occur with overuse of the wrist flexors
False
T/F Scapular upward rotation occurs in the transverse plane
False
T/F The T2 nerve exits between the T1 and T2 vertebrae
False
T/F The ability for a muscle to be stretched or extended is referred to as elasticity
False
T/F The axis of rotation for all motions of the wrist is through the lunate
False
T/F The femoral nerve is a terminal nerve of the lumbosacral plexus that divides into the common peroneal and tibial nerves
False
T/F The sagittal plane divides the body into upper and lower sections
False
T/F When performing a movement, it is usual for the antagonist muscle to actively contract at the same time as the agonist actively contracts
False
Scapulohumeral rhythm
For every 2 degrees of flenohumeral flexion or abduction , 1 degree of scapular upward rotation must occur
The position of passive insufficency of the rectus femoris is?
Knee flexion and Hipe Extension
During scapular retraction, which muscle neutralizes scapular elevation potential to create a line of pull into pure retraction
Lower trapezius
Which group of muscles at the wrist are you most likely to use when drinking a cup of water( with the right hand, wrist starting in nuetral)?
Radial Deviators
Which of the following would indicate a position of passive insufficency of the long head of the triceps?
Shoulder flexion and elbow flexion
During open chain extension of the wrist what are the arthrokinematics that occur between the convex proximal carpal row and concave radius?
The convex proximal carpal row rolls posteriorly and slides anteriorly on the concave radius
Forearm pronation occurs in what plane around what axis?
Transverse and Vertical axis
T/F A "slide" is a linear movement parallel to the adjoining force
True
T/F A myotome is a group of muscles innervated by the motor fibers of a spinal nerve
True
T/F An individual without functional fingers may perform a tendonesis grip through activation of the wrist extensors
True
T/F Because the proximal surface of the proximal phalanx is concave and the head of the metacarpal is convex , the arthokinematics of flexion and extension occur as a roll and a slide in similar directions
True
T/F During radial and ulnar deviation , roll and slide arthrokinematics occur in opposite directions
True
T/F During radial and ulnar deviation, roll and slide arthrokinematics occur in opposite directions
True
T/F Extrinsic muscles of the hand have their proximal attachments on the forearm on arm and attach distally to a structure within the hand
True
T/F In a pronated position of the forearm, the radius is crossed over the top of the ulna.
True
T/F In order to stretch or maximally elongate a muscle, the muscle must be placed in a position opposite that of all its actions
True
T/F Inversion refers to the sole of the foot moving inward at the ankle, medially
True
T/F Isometric contractions produce greater force than concentric
True
T/F Kinetics refers to forces causing or producing movement
True
T/F Muscles with a line of pull inferior or medial the sagittal axis will produce adduction
True
T/F ROM in the presence of a thrombus is a contrindication
True
T/F Short bones each have lengths, widths, and heights that are about equal
True
T/F Simultaneous contraction of the flexor digitorum superficialis , flexor digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicis longus flexes all the joints of the hand, used for all activities such as making a grip or holding the strap of a handbag
True
T/F The condition when a muscle is so tight it severely restricts joint movement is contracture
True
T/F The distance between the fulcrum to the point where a motive force is applied is the force arm
True
T/F The head of the humerus is convex
True
T/F The medial collateral ligament at the elbow protects the elbow from a valgus/medially applied force
True
T/F The palmar radiocarpal ligament is the thickest ligament of the wrist
True
T/F The perimysium is the connective tissue that bundles fascicles; it also supports nerves and blood vessells.
True
T/F The posterior ventral rami innervate all the deep muscles of the back and skin
True
T/F The wrist extensors position and stabilize the wrist for activites involving the fingers
True
T/F Torque may be increases by increasing the moment arm
True
T/F When a concave joint surface moves about a stationary convex joint surface, the roll and slide occur in the same direction
True
T/F a therapist performing a ventral glide is moving in an anterior direction
True
T/F a trochanter is a large prominence for muscle attachment
True
The slightly concave anterior aspect of the scapula is called the A. Subscapular fossa B. Glenoid fossa C. Humerus D. Glenohumeral Joint
A
The ulnar nerve may be compromised in the hand by the following structure? A. tunnel of guyon B. transverse carpal ligament C. Cubital tunnell D. Arcade of frohse
A
The skull, hyoid bone, ribs, and vertebral column form the A. Axial skeleton B. Core Skeleton C. Peripheral Skeleton D. Appendicular skeleton
A
An injury to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus will affect muscles that create A. Wrist extension B. Wrist flexion C.Elbow flexion D. Forearm pronation
A
An injury to the ulnar nerve root above the wrist will cause a patient to have difficulty performing which of the following motions? A. Thumb adduction B. Thumb abduction C. Thumb opposition D. Thumb extension
A
Holding objects away from the body A. Increases torque and increases stress on joints B. Decreases torque and decreases stress on joints C. Increases torque and decreases stress on joints D. Decreases torque and increases stress on joints
A
Mechanical advantage is: A. Fa/Ra B. IMA x EMA C. EMA/IMA D. Fa x Ra
A
The _______ is located in the direct pathway of forces crossing the wrist and is fractured more frequently than any other carpal bone A. Scaphoid B. Lunate C. Capitate D. Trapezium
A
The ________ is located in the direct pathway of forces crossing the wrist is fractured more frequentely than any other carpal bone A. Scaphoid B. Lunate C. Capitate D. Trapezium
A
The ___________ joint provides the only direct bony attachments of the UE to the axial skeleton A. Sternoclavicular B. Scapulothoracic C. Acromioclavicular D. Glenohumeral
A
The amount of _______ generated across a joint depends on the amount of force exerted and the distance between the force and axis of rotation A. torque B. Lever strength C. Slide D. Closed- Chain motion
A
The diaphysis is: A. The central shaft of a bone B. The expanded portion of bone that arises from the shaft C. The lining of the articular surface of each epiphysis D. Thin, tough membrane securing attachments of muscle to bone
A
The dorsal radiocarpal ligament limits A. Wrist flexion B. Wrist extension C. Wrist ulnar deviation D. Wrist radial deviation
A
The glenohumeral joint must __________ during overhead motions in order to permit full ROM without impingement of structures within the shoulder A. Externally rotate B. Internally rotate C. Circumduct D. distract
A
The nerve often compromised by pressure from casts, splints, and improper use of crutches is A. Axillary B. Median C. Musculocutaneous D. Radial E. Ulnar
A
The plane dividing the body into front and back A. Frontal plane B. Horizontal Plane C. Sagittal plane D. Transverse plane
A
A muscle that courses anterior to the medial-lateral axis of rotation of the knee is able to perform A. Knee Flexion B. Knee extension C. Knee internal rotation D. Knee external rotation
B
A patient has limited elbow flexion. What portion of the joint capsule needs to be stretched? A. Anterior portion B. Posterior portion C. Lateral portion D. Medial portion
B
An injury to which of the following ligaments will compromise the stability of the articulation between the head of the radius and unlna A. Radiocarpal ligament B. annular ligament C. Medial collateral ligament D. Lateral collateral ligament
B
During extension of teh thumb, the base of the first metacarpal moves on the trapezium in a _________ direction A. Ulnar/Medial B. Radial/Lateral C. Posterior/ Dorsal D. Anterior/ Volar
B
Impingement can best be described as A. The combined actions of scapular depression and glenohumeral protraction B. a superior migration of the humerus resulting in the humeral head colliding with the acromion C. Reduced activation of the internal rotators of the shoulder D. Complete rupture of the acromiclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments
B
Neurological testing of a patient reveals no cutaneous sensation on the tip of the index finger. This would result injury to a portion of what nerve? A. Axillary B. Median C. Musculocutaneous D. Radial E. Ulnar
B
The ________ attachment of a muscle refers to the point of attachment that is closest to the midline, or core, of the body when in the anatomic position A. Distal B. Proximal C. Insertional D. Medial
B
The ________ is a fibrocartilagenous ring encircling the rim of the glenoid fossa and serving to deepen the socket of the glenohumeral joint A. Glenohumeral joint capsule B. Glenoid Labrum C. Coracohumeral ligament D. Long head of the biceps
B
The ________ is shaped like a wide disk on the proximal end of the radius whose superior surface articulates with the capitulum of the humerus A. Styloid process B. Radial head C. Ulnar notch D. Ulnar head
B
Which of the following lever systems always provides good leverage, allowing an external load to be lifted with comparatively less muscular force? A. First class B. Second Class C. Third Class
B
Which of the following statements is true? A. with the hand free, supination/pronation of the forearm result from the ulna rotating about the radius B. when pushing down on the hand, most of the compressive force is transmitted directly to radius C. The pronator quadratus attaches to the distal humerus D. the long head of the triceps is an effective pronator of the forearm
B
Which of the following structures connect bone to bone and function primarily to resist internal and external forces? A. Tendons B. Ligaments C. Articular cartilage D. Bursae
B
You are palpating the LUE lumbricals on your patient. The lumbricals have split innervations and originate from A. Adjacent metacarpal bones B. Flexor digitorum profundus tendons C. Flexor pollicis longus D. Extensor digitorum tendons
B
Your patient has cutaneous loss to the R posterior arm and posterior forearm with weakness in the triceps, what peripheral nerve is most likely injured? A. Ulnar B. Radial C. Axillary D. Median E. Musculocutaneous
B
Your patient has cutaneous loss to the anterior and medial thigh, medial leg and foot. Active hip flexion strength is weak; what peripheral nerve is most likely injured A. Sciatic B. Femoral C. Tibial D. Obturator E. L2 dermatome
B
Arthrokinematics is: A. Tension generated from ligamentous elongation B. Motion relative to the axis C. Motion occurring between the articular surfaces of joints D. The length between the axis of rotation and the perpendicular intersection of the force
C
Contraction of the biceps is an example of A. First class B. Second class lever C. third class lever
C
Motions involving the proximal radioulnar articulation include A. Flexion/ Extension B. Abduction/Adduction C. Pronation/Supination D. Internal/ External rotation
C
Movement of the distal segment of bone about a relatively fixed proximal segment is often referred to as ____________. A. Closed-chain movement B. Arthrokinematic loop C. Open-chain motion D. Convex articulation
C
The _____ joints are formed by the articulations between the heads of the proximal phalanges and the bases of the middle phalanges and flex about 100-120 degrees A. Distal interphalangeal B. Radial Collateral C. Proximal interphalangeal D. Palmar extension
C
The __________ joint is a gliding joint, created by the articulation between the lateral aspect of the clavical and the acromion process of the scapula A. Sternoclavicular B. Scapulothoracic C. Acromioclavicular D. Glenohumeral
C
The ball shaped _________ articulates with the head of the radius to form the humeroradial joint A. Medial epicondyle B. Lateral epicondyle C. Capitulum D. Lateral supracondylar ridge
C
The intervertebral discs of the spine are primarily composed of which type of connective tissue? A. dense, irregular connective tissue B. articular cartilage C. fibrocartilage D. Bone
C
The large jaw-like curvature of the proximal ulna that in part forms the humeroulnar joint is known as the: A. Styloid process B. Radial head C. Trochlear notch D. Bicipital tuberosity
C
The inferior trunk of the brachial plexus consists of which spinal nerve roots?
C8 and T1
During abduction of the MCP joint of finger #2, what are the arthrokinematics that occur between the convex metacarpal head and concave proximal phalange?
Concave proximal phalange rolls and slides radially on convex metacarpal head
The ligament that suspends the scapula from the clavicle and prevents dislocation is
Coracoclavicular
A patient has fractured their humerus just proximal to the elbow. The patient is experiencing weakness during forearm supination, wrist extension, and finger extension. What nerve may be damaged A. Musculocutaneous B. Median C. Ulnar D. Radial
D
Muscles with expanisve proximal attachements converging to small distal attachments are known as: A. Fusiform B. Rhomboidal C. Pennate D. Triangular
D
The PT sucpects a nerve root lesion due to presentation of cutaneous loss about the medial forearm. hand/ fingers are intact examination of this dermatome would indicate a nerve root lesion at A. C6 B. C7 C. C8 D. T1
D
The ________ is the prominent projection of bone on the medial side of the distal humerus A. Coracoid process B. Trochlea C. Coronoid Fossa D. Medial epicondyle
D
The distal tendon of the _________ contains the pisiform bone that improves leverage during the combined action of wrist flexion and ulnar deviation A. Palmaris longus B. Flexor carpi radialis C. Digitorum superficialis D. Flexor carpi radialis
D
What shoulder girdle muscle may be affected by a fracture of the occipital bone of the skull? A. Rhomboids B. Teres major C. Levator Scapulae D. Upper trapezius
D
Which of the following is not a bony feature of the scapula important to elbow muscles? A. Coracoid process B. Supraglenoid tubercle C. Infraglenoid tubercle D. Trochlea
D
Which of the following joints are most proximal within the hand? A. MCP joints B. DIP joints C. PIP joints D. CMC joints
D
You now want to have your patient to perform a three-jaw chuck grip; which activity would you choose for this? A. Placing a coin in a vending machine B. Holding a sewing needle C. Turning a key to unlock a door D. Writing with a pencil
D
Abduction of the glenohumeral joint is created by a force couple involving what two muscles?
Deltoid and supraspinatus
