Public Speaking Chp. 8

Factual examples will give very strong support for your ideas because they involve things that actually did happen - so they validate and authenticate the point you are trying to make. A. False B. True

B. True

Even more than examples and other types of supporting materials, narratives are good for describing _____. A. what an authority or expert said B. a sequence of actions over time C. a significant numerical measurement D. a trend in public opinion

B. a sequence of actions over time

Disinformation refers to any type of communication that _____. A. exaggerates a situation for emphasis B. distorts information to advance a hidden agenda C. uses concrete language to illustrate an abstract concept D. is inaccurately copied or quoted

B. distorts information to advance a hidden agenda

A speaker begins with these words: "If you were young in the 1980s, chances are you had a Cabbage Patch doll or knew someone who did." What is the principal type of supporting material that she is using here? A. statistics B. example C. narrative D. testimony

B. example

A speaker must decide whether the general way or the precise way of expressing facts will work best for the speech. If uncertain, the text advises that it is best to err on the side of generalization. A. False B. True

A. False

In public speaking, a story that illustrates an idea, establishes a mood, or conveys the theme of a speech is referred to as an example. A. False B. True

A. False

A dynamic speaker uses actual testimony that is based on reality, but he twists quotations so that they no longer reflect the original intent of their authors. He is _____. A. using hyperbole for emphasis B. relying on the context of interpretation C. creating a hypothetical example D. quoting out of context

D. quoting out of context

A speaker has found such fascinating stuff while doing research that she throws in a couple extra facts that have nothing to do with her precise topic or her main points, saying, "By the way, did you know that ??" She has forgotten to test her materials for their _____. A. representativeness B. reliability C. recency D. relevance

D. relevance

A fact-based interpretation is much more useful and adds far more value to a speech than an opinion, because it has authoritative support - though someone could still argue with it. A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following is TRUE concerning the use of facts and statistics in your speeches? A. Your honest opinions and personal convictions are fine to express, but should be justified with facts. B. Your opinions are actually fact-based interpretations. C. You should always present your facts in precise rather than general terms. D. The more facts and statistics you give, the stronger your speech will be.

A. Your honest opinions and personal convictions are fine to express, but should be justified with facts.

Gallup International's "The Voice of the People" gathers and disseminates the viewpoints of the public. This is just one of many popular opinion polls representing the feelings and beliefs of ordinary citizens, creating a collective form of _____ testimony. A. lay B. reluctant C. prestige D. expert

A. lay

A civic leader is asked to give a ceremonial speech at the dedication of the new city park. Which type of testimony would act as a source of inspiration in such ceremonial speaking, lending a heightened sense of elegance and wisdom to her dedication speech? A. prestige testimony B. expert testimony C. reluctant testimony D. lay testimony

A. prestige testimony

When using hypothetical examples, you must be sure that they are A. representative of actual people, situations, or events B. are quoted accurately C. contain enough detail to be interesting D. true

A. representative of actual people, situations, or events

If your ideas seem too distant or abstract, the text suggests you add which two types of supporting materials? A. expert testimony and statistics B. examples and narratives C. facts and prestige testimony D. opinions and claims

B. examples and narratives

Statistics are defined by the text as ________. A. statements that can be verified as true or false B. facts that can be measured mathematically C. the opposite of opinions D. examples that involve numerical information

B. facts that can be measured mathematically

In preparing a speech on high blood pressure, Grace found a quote from a drug company executive admitting that research shows a healthy diet, exercise, and relaxation are just as effective in lowering blood pressure as his company's popular medication. This statement is an example of _____. A. prestige testimony B. reluctant testimony C. misdirection D. disinformation

B. reluctant testimony

A narrative is A. a part of a book B. a weaving together of statistics and examples C. A story that conveys an idea or establishes a mood D. a quote from a gifted speaker

C. A story that conveys an idea or establishes a mood

Generally, what is the most authoritative and qualified way to use testimony for establishing the validity of your assertions, particularly when the subject is controversial, complicated, or unfamiliar to listeners? A. quoting a popular personality who will be known to the audience B. showing how your strongly held opinions came from personal experience C. citing sources your audience will recognize as experts on the topic D. sharing the insightful words or views of everyday people

C. citing sources your audience will recognize as experts on the topic

If your topic is controversial, you should rely primarily on A. census data, prestige testimony, and narratives B. hypothetical examples, lay testimony, and facts C. facts, statistics, factual examples, and expert testimony D. lay testimony, narratives, and statistics

C. facts, statistics, factual examples, and expert testimony

What types of supporting materials are combined in this speech excerpt? "Mayor Jane Blake recently stated that our city has seen a drastic rise in unemployment. At this time last year we had an unemployment rate of 9 percent. Now it is 11.5 percent." A. brief examples and narratives B. narratives and prestige testimony C. statistics and expert testimony D. statistics and hypothetical examples

C. statistics and expert testimony