Qué or Cuál?

What is Qué es...? asking for?

A definition and nothing else.

Is Qué + noun general or specific?

General

Is Cuál es...? asking for a definition?

No, everything but a definition.

What is the difference between Qué deseas? and Cuál deseas?

Qué deseas? means What do you wish for? (general) and the Cuál deseas? means Which do you desire? (specific)

Is Cuál + noun general or specific?

Specific

What does Qué + verb sound like in English?

What + verb

Qué estas haciendo? means what...

What are you doing? (present ongoing action)

Qué dijiste? means what...

What did you say? (in the recent past)

What does Qué quieres? mean?

What do you want? (general, rude)

Cuál es la fecha de hoy? means what...

What is the date today? (out of the class of dates to choose from)

What does Cuál + verb sound like in English?

Which + verb

What does Cuál quieres? mean?

Which do you want? (specific)

Does ser and estar affect the meaning of Qué and Cuál?

Yes