Quiz 1

Synodic month which is period of time from new moon to new moon takes about

29.5 days

The distance from earth to sun is called an

Astronomical unit

The geocentric hypthesis is a theory that places the Earth as the center of the Universe

True

The time period from one new moon to the next new moon is called

synodic month

The inner core is?

the solid, dense center of our planet that extends from the bottom of the outer core to the center of the Earth

The mean distance from sun to earth is approximately

1 astronomical unit

Approximately how old is the universe

14 billion years

How many planets are in our solar system?

8

Meteoroid

A chunk of rock or dust in space

meteorite

A meteoroid that has hit earth's surface.

meteor

A streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteoroid in Earth's atmosphere.

What is the accepted theory about the origin of the moon

A very large object hit Earth, and the Moon was formed from ejected material.

The brightness of a star at a defined standard distance is

Absolute magnitude

Which of the following colors from starlight is from the hottest star?

Blue-white

The lithosphere includes

Crust and uppermost, rigid mantle

Galileo used a telescope to observe the phases of Jupiter.

False

The earth is largely protected from the solar winds by its gravitational force.

False

Which of the following hypothesis better explain the Earth-Sun-Planets in our solar system

Heliocentric Orbit Hypothesis

Which of the following is mostly likely found in Jupiter?

Hydrogen

What is the largest planet in the solar system?

Jupiter

The following planets are all made up of gas:

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune

After first quarter, moon moved to its full phase then to the

Last quarter

Of the planets, Jupiter's size is most closest to

Saturn

Mantle made of?

Silicon, oxygen, Iron-Magnesium

Neptune's size is most closest to

Uranus

Of the inner planets of the solar system, Earth's size is most similar to:

Venus

The belt of asteroids between Mars and Jupiter is probably

clumps of matter that condensed from the accretion disk but never got together as a planet

Geologists believe the source of the earth's magnetic field may be in the

core

Crust is made of

granite and basalt

A galaxy is held together by

gravitational attraction

The two most abundant elements in the sun are

hydrogen and helium

Core is made of

iron and nickel

Meteorites are classified into three categories:

irons, stones, and stony-irons

Which zone of the earth is made up of liquid iron?

outer core

What color is the coolest star?

red

The spinning of a planet on its axis is called

rotation

The consistent tilt and the orientation of its axis as earth moves around its orbit is responsible for

seasons

As moon moved from the new phase in its orbit around earth, we will see half the lighted surface

First quarter

When moon is on the dark side of earth, we see entire illuminated half of the moon

Full moon (full phase)

The solar system is held together by

Gravitational attraction

Meteorites are classified into all of the following groups except:

Lead

When did the last magnetic reversal occur?

Less than 1 million years ago

Which is the best explanation of magnetic force?

Magnetism is the force exerted by an electric current

Of the planets, Mercury's size is most closest to

Mars

What is the closest planet to the sun?

Mercury

What is the smallest planet in the solar system?

Mercury

These three planets are made up of rock:

Mercury, Venus, and Mars

Remnants of comets and asteroids found in space are called

Meteroids

Furthest planet from the sun is?

Neptune

What is the outermost planet

Neptune

A total solar eclipse can only occur only during the moon phase of

New moon

The moon is positioned between Earth and the Sun. This phase is the

New moon

The scientists who first proposed that the sun was at the center of the planetary system was

Nicolaus Copernicus

Last magnetic reversal

Occurred 780,000 years ago

Galileo's greatest contribution to the new science was

The confirmation of Copernican theory

What is the moon formation theory?

The giant impact hypothesis or the Big Splash

The higher the brightness

The he higher the luminosity

According to the data shown in the figure, what was Earth's magnetic polarity like 5 million years ago?

The reverse of today

What is the heliocentric theory?

The sun is the center of the solar system

A geomagnetic reversal is a change in Earth's magnetic field such that the positions of magnetic north and magnetic south are interchanged

True

What did Galileo use a telescope to observe the phases of?

Venus

In the Southern Hemisphere, the South Pole points toward the Sun during the

Winter solstice

A compass reads the Earth's magnetic field. Does a compass function the same when south of the earth's equator as when north of the equator?

Yes, it will always point to magnetic south.

The outer core is?

liquid or molten

The total amount of energy radiated from the surface of a star into space each second is

luminosity

A small body from space that falls on the surface of Earth is a

meteorite