quiz 11

Lumbar facet pathology may involve:

-Facet joint syndrome -subluxation or dislocation of the facet -disgeneration of the facet

red flags warranting immobilization and immediate referral to physician

-pain radiating into the extremities -severe pain, point tenderness, or deformity along vertebral column -diminished or absent reflexes

causes of lower back pain

-sciatica -muscle strains and sprains -disk space infections -protude or herniated disk

A patient presents with the signs and symptoms of a L4-L5 disk herniation. Which of the following neurologic assessments will aid the athletic trainer in the confirmation of the diagnosis?

-weakness during big toe extension -paresthesia at the dorsal of the foot

how many pairs of the spinal nerves extend from the sides of the spinal cord

31 pairs

hip flexion tests which nerve root myotome segment

L1-L2

he top of the iliac crest is the land mark for which vertebra

L4

if an athlete has a diminished patellar reflex and weak ankle dorsiflexion, which nerve root is injured

L4

True or False? An individual with lumbar spinal stenosis develops back and leg pain after walking a limited distance, which concomitantly increases as distance increases.

TRUE

True or False? During the straight leg raising test, pain that occurs opposite the leg lifted indicates a herniated disk.

TRUE

spondylolisthesis

The anterior slippage of a vertebrae resulting from complete bilateral fracture of the pars interarticularis.

Hard disk disease is associated with

a diminished disk height and the formation of marginal osteopytes

l4

ankle dorsiflexion

When the body is an upright position, the line of gravity passes where in relation to the spinal column

anterior to the spinal column

during spondylolisis and spondyloisthesis, muscles spasms often occur in the

erector spinae and hamstrings

When disk nuclear material moves into the spinal canal and impinges on adjacent nerve roots it is called a(n)

extruded disk

True or False? A lumbar fracture at the L5 level could be catastrophic if a bony fragment pierces the spinal cord and could result in total nerve disruption distal to that site.

false

True or False? Approximately 70% to 90% of all cases of scoliosis can be directly linked to overdevelopment of muscles on the dominant side of the thorax or to a leg length discrepancy.

false

True or False? Because the spinal cord ends at about L1 or L2 level, fractures of the lumbar vertebrae below this point do not pose a serious threat but should be handled with care to minimize potential nerve damage to the cauda equina.

false

True or False? Large compressive loads, such as those sustained during weight lifting, can cause fractures of the vertebral end plates, leading to a wedge fracture in the cervical area.

false

True or False? To reduce some compressive loading on lumbar region, runners should run with a slight forward lean and avoid overstriding to increase speed.

false

true or false? the most commonly herniated disks are the lower lumbar disks, with ruptured occurring on the anterior or anterolateral aspect of the disk

false

true or false? weak ankle plantar flexion and a reduced achilles tendon reflex indicate and L5 nerve root injury

false

l1-l2

hip flexion

A person with sciatica, with sensory and reflex changes, muscle weakness, and normal bowel and bladder function, may return to sports participation

in 12 to 24 week

13

knee extension

s2

knee flexion

which of the following is not a characteristic of facet joint pathology

pain that radiates into the posterior lower leg

s1

plantar flexion, foot eversion, hip extension

a patient with sciatica caused by annular tear will report

radiating leg pain is greater than back pain

which of the following signs and symptoms is not related to neurological deficits or damage

referred pain

the development of one of more wedge-shaped vertebra in the thoracic or lumbar regions through abnormal epiphyseal plate behavior is called

scheurmann disease

ipsilateral pain during the first 70 degrees of a straight leg raising test indicates a possible

sciatica

when viewing an athlete from a posterior view, the spine is found to be curved. the condition is known as

scoliosis

Compression loads on the lumbar spine are greatest during

sitting in a slouched position

A loss of ceretrospinal fluid around the spinal cord because of deformation of the spinal cord or a narrowing of the neural canal is called

spinal stenosis

spondylolisthesis is considered to be a complication of which of the following

spondylolysis

a fracture of the pars interarticularis is termed

spondylosis

a bilateral seperation in the pars interaticularis that leads to anterior displacement of a vertebra is

spondylosisthesis

spondylolysis

stress fracture of the pars interarticularis

lordosis is often associated with

strong abdominal muscles and a forward pelvic tilt

runners are often at risk for low back pain due to

tight hip flexors and hamstrings muscles

If nerve root L5 is irritated or damaged, myotome weakness will be found in

toe extension

l5

toe extension

True or False? A positive Babinski reflex suggests an upper motor neuron lesion and is demonstrated by extension of the big toe and abduction (splaying) of the other toes.

true

True or False? The sciatic nerve can be palpated midway between the ischial tuberosity and the greater trochanter.

true

True or False? When lifting a heavy weight, it is important to inhale deeply as the lift is initiated and exhale forcefully throughout the lift until the end.

true

true or false? The sacral curve is convex posteriorly

true

true or false?low back pain is common in runners who have muscle tightness in the hip flexors and hamstrings

true