quiz 5 study set: chap 16,18,2,

You are assisting a patient with her metered-dose inhaler (MDI). In an effort to determine the exact name of the medication, it would be best for the EMT to: A. ask the patient the name of the medication. B. find the medication name on the label on the metered-dose inhaler. C. look up the medication using the Physician's Desk Reference (PDR). D. contact and describe the MDI to the medical direction.

B. find the medication name on the label on the metered-dose inhaler

The sympathetic nervous response causes which of the following to occur?

Breathe faster and deeper, blood vessels to constrict, heart to beat stronger and faster, skin to sweat, pupils to dilate, and skin to become pale

What are the names given to each medication listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia? A. Trade, brand, and generic B. Manufacturers, general, and governmental C. Trade, chemical, and generic D. Official, chemical, and generic

C trade, chemical, and generic

Why should EMTs study pharmacology? A. An EMT must know the sources, characteristics, and effects of each medication that the physician may prescribe. B. As an EMT, you will be trusted to administer medications in emergency situations, although many of these may do nothing but give the patient false hope. C. As an EMT, you will be trusted to administer medications in emergency situations; many of these may be lifesaving, but there is potential to do harm. D. An EMT must know the manufacturer, sources, characteristics, and effects of every medication that has been prescribed to the patient.

C. As an EMT, you will be trusted to administer medications in emergency situations; many of these may be lifesaving, but there is potential to do harm

Which of the following is a potential side effect of​ nitroglycerin? A. Difficulty breathing B. Sudden decrease in heart rate C. Decreased blood pressure D. Dilation of blood vessels

C. Decreased blood pressure

A common side effect of nitroglycerin reported by patients is a pounding headache. How does nitroglycerin cause a headache while simultaneously reducing chest pain? A. Nitroglycerin vasoconstricts blood vessels, forcing more oxygen-rich blood into the heart, while also increasing the pressure in the cerebral arteries. B. Nitroglycerin vasoconstricts blood vessels, pushing painful toxins out of the heart while at the same time reducing blood flow to the brain. C. Nitroglycerin dilates the blood vessels, increasing blood flow to the heart, and increases the pressure in the cerebral vessels. D. Nitroglycerin dilates the blood vessels, flushing out toxins that then go to the brain.

C. nitroglycerin dilates the blodd vessels, increasing blood flow to the heart, and increases the pressure in the cerebral vessels

After administering oral glucose to a patient with altered mental status, which one of the following best indicates a positive therapeutic effect or response to the medication? A. Blood pressure decrease from 156/90 to 120/80 mmHg B. Pulse oximeter reading of 99% without supplemental oxygen C. No signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction D. Mental status that is now alert and oriented

D. Mental status that is now alert and oriented

You are on the scene of a 44-year-old female patient who has attempted suicide by taking all 30 pills of her antidepressant medication at once. You are ordered by medical control to administer activated charcoal. How will activated charcoal reduce the effects of the medication? A. Activated charcoal will coat the intestines, preventing absorption. B. Activated charcoal will inactivate the patient's stomach acid. C. Activated charcoal will cause the patient to vomit the medication. D. Activated charcoal will bind to the medication, reducing absorption.

D. activated charcoal will bind to the medication, reducing absorption

You are called to a bus stop where a 45-year-old homeless man is "ill." Your partner states, "It's just Bill. He's not sick, just dehydrated. Let's stop and get something to drink before we go see Bill...again." This statement causes you to take offense; you recognize this as a violation of the ________. Fair Treatment Act EMT Code of Ethics Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act scope of practice

EMT Code of Ethics

You have moved to another state and wish to work as an EMT. In your previous state of employment, EMTs were allowed to administer a select number of drugs. To determine if EMTs can administer drugs in your new state of residence, you should check the: State Emergency Medical Technicians Scope of Practice. National Highway and Transpiration Safety Agency: National Curriculum Standards. Emergency Medical Technician-Basic: National Standard Curriculum. Emergency Medical Services Act of 1973.

State Emergency Medical Technicians Scope of Practice

An off-duty EMT is driving down the road when she sees a major vehicle accident. There are no Emergency Medical Responders on the scene yet. There are only Good Samaritans. The EMT is late for a doctor's appointment so she decides that she will not stop and help. The driver of the vehicle dies before help arrives. One of the Good Samaritans notices her EMT license plates and writes them down as she passes by. The Good Samaritan is angry that the EMT did not stop and help and tries to get the EMT fired for not helping. Which of the following statements is true? The EMT is negligent for not stopping and helping. The EMT is not negligent because she did not have a duty to act. The EMT is negligent because the patient died. The EMT is not negligent because she had a doctor's appointm

The EMT is not negligent because she did not have a duty to act

You have been called for a 96-year-old female with altered mental status. On scene the patient is unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. Family provides you with a valid DNR order. Which of the following signs would you document as a presumptive sign of her death? Closed eyes Dilated pupils Poor or weak reflexes Absent blood pressure

absent blood pressure

You are dispatched to a single-vehicle accident. Upon your arrival, you see a vehicle that apparently ran off the road and across a ditch and struck a tree. The patient is having obvious breathing difficulties. His skin is flushed with hives. You notice a MedicAlert bracelet that states he has a severe allergy to bees, wasps, etc. Which of the following would be the most appropriate next step? Perform a focused physical exam. Search the patient for an epinephrine auto-injector. Administer high-flow, high-concentration oxygen. Perform rapid extrication.

administer high-flow, high concentration oxygen

On arrival at a vehicle collision, you observe a small fire in the engine compartment. A bystander is attempting to smother the fire with a jacket as you approach with an A-B-C extinguisher from your ambulance. Which of the following is the BEST method of extinguishing the fire? Aim at the base of the fire and use short bursts until the fire is out. Aim the nozzle to the side of the fire and, with a sweeping motion, push the fire at its base. Close the hood to contain the fire within the engine compartment. Sweep the nozzle of the extinguisher left and right using short bursts until you are out of extinguishing agent.

aim at the base of the fire and use short bursts until the fire is out

Stabilizing a vehicle is unnecessary when a vehicle is on its roof with: the front edge of the hood in contact with the ground. all roof supports collapsed. the trunk lid in contact with the ground. the vehicle horizontal and resting entirely on the roof.

all roof supports collapsed

When interviewing the elderly patient, the EMT can increase the accuracy of the information he or she gains by: having his or her partner assist with asking questions. allowing sufficient time for the patient to answer. asking multiple questions at the same time. spe

allowing sufficient time for the patient to answer

Which patient would most likely benefit from the administration of activated charcoal? An alert 16-year-old female who overdosed on Tylenol® A 28-year-old male who is suffering from food poisoning after eating eggs contaminated with salmonella A 48-year-old man who attempted suicide by drinking Drano® An unresponsive 28-year-old female who overdosed on sleeping pills

an alert 16-year-old female who overdosed on tylenol

commotio cordis

an often lethal disruption of heart rhythm that occurs as a result of a blow to the area directly over the heart at a critical time during the cycle of the heart beat causing cardiac arrest

According to coworkers, your 25-year-old female patient suddenly began acting aggressively and being verbally abusive. She tells you she is "starving" and you notice that she is pale and diaphoretic. Which of the following would be an appropriate general impression? An underlying physical illness Sudden onset of schizophrenia Alcoholic intoxication None of the above

an underlying physical illness

You have responded to a park where you find a 23-year-old female sitting on a bench near a running trail. She states that she has been running for the past 30 minutes, and all of a sudden she can't catch her breath. She states that this has never happened before and she usually runs 5 miles a day. Your assessment reveals that she is flushed, her pulse is fast and weak, her respirations are fast and she is wheezing, and she has hives on her arms and chest. She is most likely suffering from which of the following? Hyperventilation syndrome Allergic reaction Heat stroke Anaphylaxis

anaphylaxis

Your patient is a 60-year-old male who is complaining of severe chest pain and difficulty breathing. He is pale, sweaty, and pleads with you, "Don't let me die, I think I'm going to die." Which of the following measures is NOT part of your initial treatment of this patient? Determining whether you should assist the patient in taking nitroglycerin Giving 15 lpm of oxygen by nonrebreather mask Applying the defibrillator pads to his chest Placing the patient in a position of comfort

applying the defibrillator pads to his chest

which of the following vessels has the thickest muscular walls that allow constriction and dilation arteries lymphatic vessels capillaries veins

arteries

What selection illustrates a generic drug name? Acetylsalicylic acid Advil Albuterol Aspirin

aspirin

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of chest pain in the elderly? Asthma Aneurysm Pneumonia Angina

asthma

You are assessing a patient who is not oriented to person, place, and time. The most important treatment you can provide this patient is ________. assisting with administration of the patient's nitroglycerin assisting ventilations with a bag-valve-mask device avoiding delay in transporting to the hospital conducting a detailed neurological exam

avoiding delay in transporting to the hospital

You have started treatment on a middle-aged patient in cardiac arrest. While performing a rapid assessment, you notice a medical alert bracelet that states the patient is an organ donor. You should ________. delay CPR, advise medical direction, and transport to the hospital begin CPR, advise medical direction, and await the coroner begin CPR, advise medical direction, and transport to the hospital delay CPR, advise medical direction, and await the coroner

begin CPR, advise medical direction, and transport to the hospital

A patient is very dizzy and altered in mental status. Vital signs are: pulse 84, respiration 16, blood pressure 74/32, and SpO2 93%. Medical direction has ordered the paramedic to start and IV infusion of a medication that causes vasoconstriction. You would recognize that the medication is benefiting the patient when you observe: Blood pressure 110/64. Heart rate 92. SpO2 94%. Respirations 24

blood/ pressure 110/64

Which of the following patients should have an automated external defibrillator applied? A 6-month-old suspected of having SIDS A 19-year-old college athlete who collapsed during football practice and is pulseless and apneic A 40-year-old female in cardiac arrest due to chest injuries sustained in a motor vehicle crash A 67-year-old man with severe, crushing chest pain that is not relieved by nitroglycerin

A 19-year-old college athlete who collapsed during football practice and is pulseless and apneic

Which one of the following is the primary difference between an anaphylactic reaction and an anaphylactoid reaction? Anaphylactoid reactions are commonly caused by environmental substances; anaphylactic reactions are most commonly caused by foods. Epinephrine is contraindicated in anaphylactoid reactions, but not in anaphylactic reactions. Anaphylactoid reactions are less severe than anaphylactic reactions. An anaphylactoid reaction may occur without prior sensitization to the antigen; anaphylaxis requires prior sensitization.

An anaphylactoid reaction may occur without prior sensitization to the antigen; anaphylaxis requires prior sensitization.

The pathophysiology of ________ is one in which the pericardial sac fills with blood to the point where the chambers of the heart no longer fill adequately, usually secondary to trauma. cardiac tamponade hemopneumothorax pericardial effusion commotio cordis

cardiac tamponade

The primary function of the heart is to: store blood. oxygenate blood. produce blood. circulate blood.

circulate blood

describe compartment syndrome

compartment syndrome is a serious condition caused by the bleeding and swelling for a fracture or crush injury that becomes so strong that the body can no longer perfuse the tissues against that pressure

You respond to the scene of a 56-year-old obese female complaining of respiratory distress. She states that she has been feeling weak and a "little sick" for the past two days but the respiratory distress has been getting progressively worse for the past several hours. She states she has "heart problems," suffers from high blood pressure, and takes a "water pill." She is afebrile and has coarse crackles (rales) bilaterally. What is most likely the cause of her respiratory distress? Congestive heart failure Pneumonia Aortic aneurysm Influenza

congestive heart failure (pulmonary edema (coarse crackles/ wet lung sounds) is the hallmark of congestive heart failure)

After assisting a patient with the use of an epinephrine auto-injector, you note that the patient's blood pressure has improved. As a knowledgeable EMT, you realize that this to epinephrine's ability to: constrict blood vessels. increase the number of circulating red blood cells. relax the smooth muscle of the blood vessels. increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells.

constrict blood vessels

Which of the following is a desired action of epinephrine delivered by auto-injector? Decrease in blood pressure Constriction of blood vessels Constriction of coronary arteries Dilation of coronary arteries

constriction of blood vessels

Five minutes after administering oral glucose to a confused diabetic patient, you do not see any improvement in her mental status. Which one of the following actions should you take? Recheck the expiration date on the oral glucose. Continue to monitor the patient. Administer a second dose of oral glucose. Contact medical direction for further orders.

continue to monitor the patient

A 44-year-old male who works at a petroleum-refining plant inhaled a significant amount of hydrocarbon fumes and now is complaining of a headache with associated dizziness and nausea, as well as mild shortness of breath. He is alert and oriented and there are no life threats to his airway, breathing, or circulation. Which of the following would be most appropriate in his care? Aspirin for the headache Head to toe decontamination Evaluation of his blood sugar Continuous SpO2 monitoring

continuous spo2 monitoring

A patient who was transported by EMS for a laceration on her arm is suing the service and the hospital because her laceration became infected, resulting in loss of the extremity. However, it becomes known that the patient was appropriately treated by EMS and the emergency department, but failed to seek follow-up medical care at a health clinic and did not take the antibiotics that were prescribed to her. Which one of the following would most likely be used by the medical community as a defense in this case? Intentional tort Contributory negligence Res ipsa loquitor Proximate cause

contributory negligence

Which of the following is the name of the condition in which fatty deposits form in the inner lining of the arteries? Aneurysm Arteriosclerosis Coronary artery disease Coronary thrombosis

coronary artery disease

What sign or symptom would the EMT typically associate with congestive heart failure? Edema to the left arm Crackles in both lungs Rhonchi to both lungs that is cleared by a cough Feeling of palpitations

crackles in both lungs

You are part of a tactical rescue squad responding to a crash scene involving a large motor home that ran off the road and is perched on an unstable mound of dirt. Your superior instructs you to place cribbing under either side of the vehicle to stabilize it. Which most accurately describes cribbing? Cribbing is a square or curved block that is placed behind a vehicle's wheels. Cribbing is a stacked wooden structure used to support heavy objects. Cribbing is a rubber or synthetic bag that is filled with air to stabilize or lift heavy objects. Cribbing is an industrial-strength fabric net used to secure unstable objects.

cribbing is an industrial-strength fabric net used to secure unstable objects

You are called to the school where a 16-year-old female has trouble breathing from a possible allergic reaction. You arrive and find the patient wheezing, with cool clammy skin, and holding an epinephrine auto-injector. After you assess the patient and contact medical control, you are advised to give the medication. When you give the patient the epinephrine auto-injector she develops symptoms of anxiety: dizziness, headache, nausea, nervousness, paleness, sweating, tremors, vomiting, and weakness. These symptoms are considered: a. contraindications. b. untoward effects. c. indications. d. side effects.

d. side effects

Within the human body, insulin works to: free stored glucose from the liver. turn carbohydrates into glucose. carry glucose into the cells. decrease the level of glucose.

decrease the level of glucose

While in a study session, you and your classmates are discussing the role the thyroid gland plays in body processes. A decrease in the function of the thyroid gland is likely to produce which of the following in an elderly patient? Difficulty chewing and swallowing Thin, dry, wrinkled skin Decreased tolerance of heat and cold Increased toxicity of medications

decreased tolerance of heat and cold

which of the following is a potential complication of hyperventilating a patient with a brain injury? decreasing the patients bp decreasing blood flow to the brain increasing the amount of co2 in the blood increasing blood flow to the brain

decreasing blood flow to the brain

_________ blood returns to the right side of the heart. red anemic deoxygenated oxygenated

deoxygenated

a list of potential diagnoses compiled early in the patient's assessment is known as which of the following? traditional diagnosis differential diagnosis assessment-based diagnosis emergency medical diagnosis

differential diagnosis

Atrovent, if prescribed to the patient, is indicated for which one of the following conditions? Nausea or vomiting Headache Difficulty breathing Chest discomfort

difficulty breathing

which of the following is the underlying cause of neurogenic shock? blood loss from damaged spinal blood vessels dilation of blood vessels failure of the heart to adequately pump blood extreme emotional response to paralysis

dilation of blood vessels

If the steering wheel must be displaced during extrication and the air bag has not deployed, which of the following actions is recommended by air bag manufacturers? No action is required; only frontal impact will deploy air bags. Disconnect the battery cables. Secure a long backboard across the steering wheel to deflect the air bag from the patient should it deploy. Firmly strike the hub of the steering wheel with a mallet to deactivate the air bag before displacing the steering wheel.

disconnect the battery cables

In order for a negligence lawsuit to stand up in court, which four elements must be present? Injury, duty to care, failure to care, damages Failure to act, damages, injury, causation Duty to act, breach of duty, damages, causation Duty to act, negligence, damages, causation

duty to act, breach of duty, damages, causation

Although other age groups are as likely to attempt suicide, which of the following groups is most likely to be successful? Teenagers Middle-aged men Elderly men Young woman

elderly men

You have responded to a call about a "psychiatric patient" to find a 24-year-old woman talking to herself in her home. She is rocking back and forth and you can see from a distance that she is perspiring profusely. You also see an empty medication bottle on the floor. She does not acknowledge your presence. When you attempt to speak to her, she continues to talk to herself as if you were not there. Which of the following should be included in your actions at the scene? Ensure that law enforcement is responding and wait for its arrival. Look through the house with your partner to try to find some clues to the patient's problem. Shake the patient's shoulder to check for responsiveness to physical stimuli. Distract her so your partner can look around the house

ensure that law enforcement is responding and wair for its arrival

The highest priority for the EMT working on a patient at the scene of a crime is: preserving potential evidence. administering quality patient care. providing medical information to law enforcement. ensuring personal safety.

ensuring personal safety

Heat stroke is caused by which of the following mechanisms? Heat-induced swelling of brain tissue Extreme dilation of all the blood vessels Failure of temperature regulation mechanisms Blockage of blood flow to the brai

failure of temperature regulation mechanisms

Which class of drugs breaks down blood clots that have formed in the arteries of the heart? Interferons Radiologic adjuncts Fibrinolytics Aminosalicylates

fibrinolytics

Which of the following is the BEST protection for an EMT's upper body during an extrication operation? Nylon jacket with asbestos lining A thick wool coat A thick fireproof blanket draped around the shoulders Firefighting turnout coat

firefighting turnout coat

A man comes into your station and tells you that he was just diagnosed by his physician as having a syncopal episode the previous week. More specifically, he asks you to explain why he fainted. Which one of the statements that follow would be your best response? "A small clot formed in a blood vessel in your brain, but was quickly broken down by the body." "A syncopal episode is a small seizure that runs its course very quickly." "For some reason, there was a temporary decrease in the flow of blood to your brain." "Your blood sugar most likely dropped very quickly, causing you to faint."

for some reason there was a temporary decrease in the flow of blood to your brain

You are on the scene with a 72-year-old male patient with chest pain. The patient is complaining of shortness of breath but also refuses to go to the hospital, even after multiple attempts urging him to go. Which of the following should you do next? Stay with the patient until he loses consciousness. Inform the patient that he is having a "heart attack" and must be taken to the hospital for evaluation. Fully inform the patient about his situation and the implications of refusing care. Contact medical direction for orders to restrain the patient.

fully inform the patient about his situation and the implications of refusing care

Your patient is a 15-year-old female who has been diagnosed with a personality disorder. She has no history of violent behavior. The staff at her residential care facility wants her to be transported for evaluation of a possible urinary tract infection. Which of the following is the BEST way to handle this situation? Ask that the patient be given a tranquilizer injection prior to transport. Transport the patient, but do not speak to her or perform an assessment. Have a female EMT attend to the patient. Refuse to transport the patient without a police escort.

have a female EMT attend to the patient

Your patient is a 3-year-old male with a stoma who has swallowed a household cleaner. Medical direction gives you an order for milk to dilute the stomach contents. Which of the following is the correct way of carrying out this order? Refuse the order and explain why. Administer one glass of milk through the stoma. Have the patient drink one glass of milk. Have the patient drink a glass of milk while you plug the stoma to prevent leakage.

have the patient drink one glass of milk

The three primary components of the cardiovascular system are best described as: heart, blood vessels, and brainstem. heart, blood vessels, and blood. arteries, veins, and capillaries. heart, lungs, and blood vessels.

heart, blood vessels, and blood

You are on the scene of a motor vehicle collision involving two cars. To remove the driver of the first car, rescuers must break the windshield and roll back the roof. While he is assisting in this operation, which of the following pieces of personal protective equipment will afford him the best protection? Helmet, goggles, turnout gear, leather gloves, and steel-toed boots Goggles, latex exam gloves, steel-toed boots, and fluorescent vest Sunglasses, steel-toed boots, and fluorescent identification vest Latex exam gloves, fluorescent identification vest, and helmet

helmet, goggles turnout gear, leather , gloves, and steel-toed boots

A patient informs you that she takes Januvia pills for her diabetes. Which one of the following statements about this patient and her diabetes is true? The pills decrease her craving for sugary foods. Glucose is needed by her body and is provided by the pills. The pills contain insulin for use by the body. Her pancreas still produces some insulin.

her pancreas still produces some insulin

A patient experiencing command hallucinations would most likely tell you: his arm must be amputated so he will not die. his arm smells like rotten meat and is dead. his arm is stiff and cannot be bent. his arm is infected with worms and parasites.

his arm must be amputated so he will not die

Regarding the pathophysiology underlying anaphylaxis, which of the following is true? Histamine causes the capillaries to become leaky. Smooth muscle dilation on the lungs impairs the exchange of oxygen. High blood pressure forces blood from the blood vessels. IgE immunoglobulins make antibodies that cause bronchoconstriction.

histamine causes the capillaries to leak

Upon arriving at an extended care facility, you find an elderly patient in cardiac arrest. No one is performing CPR. Shortly after your arrival, a staff member comes into the room stating that the patient has a valid DNR and presents you with a copy. You should ________. begin resuscitation attempts because an EMT cannot honor DNRs in an extended-care facility begin resuscitation attempts and contact medical direction remove the patient from the extended-care facility. You can perform CPR in your ambulance regardless of the availability of a DNR honor the DNR and follow protocols for an out-of-hospital death

honor the DNR and follow protocols for an out-of-hospital death

Your patient is a 28-year-old male who was ejected from his motorcycle after striking a parked vehicle. He has multiple deformities to his upper and lower extremities on both sides. Which of the following would be the BEST way to immobilize this patient's extremities prior to transport? Use traction splints for the lower extremities and allow the upper extremities to be immobilized by the long backboard. Use moldable splints for the upper and lower extremities, padding any voids to fully stabilize the fractures. Immobilize the patient to a long backboard without splinting the extremities individually. Use padded board splints for the upper extremities and PASG for the lower extremities.

immobilize the patient to a long backboard without splinting the extremities individually

Your patient is a 40-year-old known diabetic who was found unconscious at work by a coworker. What type of consent allows you to treat this patient? Implied consent Expressed consent Consent for treatment of minor emergencies Consent for mentally incompetent adults

implied consent

Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of a continuous quality improvement program for AED? Taking disciplinary action for patient care errors Eliminating the need for medical direction Improving patient outcomes in the community Replacing continuing education

improving patient outcomes in the community

You respond to a middle school for a 12-year-old male patient who has been hit by a car. You get consent to treat the patient from the school principal. What concept allows the principal to speak for the parents? Informed consent Healthcare proxy Res ipsa loquitur In loco parentis

in loco parentis

A paramedic administers a medication to decrease the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the heart. As a result, the EMT would expect which of the following? Decreased blood pressure Increase in heart rate Decrease in heart rate Increase in respirations

increase in heart rate

Which of the following is NOT an indication that epinephrine is helping the anaphylaxis patient's condition? Increased blood pressure Increased dyspnea Increased heart rate Both B and C

increased dyspnea

venturi masks are designed to mix oxygen with

inhaled air

You have been called to a party by friends of a 14-year-old female with a decreased level of consciousness. On scene, the partygoers state that they were "huffing" when she suddenly complained of a headache and then passed out. In reference to the term "huffing," you would recognize this as: smoking methamphetamine. sampling multiple prescription drugs. inhaling fumes or vapors. injecting drugs intravenously.

inhaling fumes or vapors

You have responded to a local pool for a drowning patient. Lifeguards have pulled the patient out of the pool prior to your arrival. You find the 16-year-old patient unresponsive with agonal respirations and a weak carotid pulse. What is your first action? Insert a Combitube. Apply high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask. Insert an oropharyngeal airway. Apply high-concentration oxygen by bag-valve mask.

insert an oropharyngeal airway

You have been called to a residence for a cognitively challenged 32-year-old female who drank from a bottle of floor cleaner. She is conscious, but having a difficult time breathing due to swelling from burns in her mouth, with mild stridor on inspiration. Which of the following would be your initial action in caring for this patient? Suction the airway. Insert a nasal airway. Contact poison control. Place an oral airway.

insert nasal airway

Where in the body would you find radial arteries? Anterior groin area Wrists Side of the neck Inside of each arm

inside of each arm

which one of the following is one advantage of using heuristics

it speeds up the process of diagnosis

Bronchodilator inhalers have several common side effects, which include: A. decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate. B. bronchodilation and increased heart rate. C. jitteriness and increased heart rate. D. vasoconstriction and increased heart rate.

jitteriness and increased heart rate

which of the following structures is (are) located in the retroperitoneal space? Kidneys stomach spleen liver

kidneys

Which portion of the heart, when weakened by a heart attack, is responsible for causing fluid to back up into and engorge the lung tissue? Right atrium Right ventricle Pulmonary vein Left ventricle

left ventricle

While documenting a call, you add that a false statement was made about a local doctor. This could constitute which of the following? HIPAA violation Slander Degradation of character Libel

libel

Which of the following is a vascular organ in the abdomen that can produce blood loss quickly enough to result in life-threatening hemorrhage following high mechanism of injury blunt trauma? Kidneys Intestines Liver Pancreas

liver

A glucometer reads 50 mg/dL. The EMT would recognize this as: high. normal. low. average.

low

You have just administered nitroglycerin to a 68-year-old patient. Within a few minutes, she complains of feeling faint and lightheaded, but states that she is still having some chest pain. Which of the following would be the BEST sequence of actions? Lower the head of the stretcher and take the patient's blood pressure. Administer activated charcoal to prevent further absorption of the nitroglycerin and closely monitor the patient's blood pressure. Increase the amount of oxygen you are giving to the patient before administering a second dose of nitroglycerin. Advise the patient that this is a normal occurrence and administer a second dose of nitroglycerin.

lower the head of the stretcher and take the patients bp

A 64-year-old male presents with a blood pressure of 210/132 mmHg. What patient statement would you recognize as most concerning and most likely associated with the elevated blood pressure? I feel very thirsty right now. I have this bruising on my arms and legs. My ears are continually ringing. My hair has become very brittle.

my ears are continually ringing

Which of the following is an unsafe behavior that contributes to most injuries at the scene of vehicle collisions? Not wearing proper protective gear Unknowingly walking into hazardous materials situations Using improvised tools Antagonizing bystanders

not wearing proper protective gear

On arrival to a parking lot tailgate, you observe a crowd around a young man who is seizing. As you get equipment from the ambulance and make your way to the patient, his friends tell you that the patient has been up all night "partying" by drinking alcohol and smoking "crack" cocaine. At the patient's side, you note that he is no longer seizing, but he is unresponsive and has snoring respirations. His respirations are labored at 16 per minute and his radial pulse is strong. His skin is cool and diaphoretic. Friends also inform you that he is a diabetic and about an hour ago they heard him say that he thought his blood sugar was going low. Which of the following interventions would be included in your care? Open the airway, provide oxygen, and give rapid transport to the hospital. Insert an oral airway, provide positive pressure ventilation, and administer oral glucose. Open the airway, check the blood glucose level, and administer oral glucose. Open the airway, provide oxygen, and administer oral glucose.

open the airway, provide oxygen, and give rapid transport to the hospital

You are at the scene where a 19-year-old female college student has been drinking large quantities of alcohol throughout the evening. On your arrival, the patient is lying on her back with no signs of trauma, has vomited, and has slow, wet sounding respirations. Which of the following should you do next? Open the patient's airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver. Determine the respiratory rate. Assist respirations with a bag-valve-mask device. Check for carotid and radial pulses.

open the patient's airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver

You arrive on-scene of a 60-year-old female patient in cardiac arrest. What is the BEST airway that you, as an EMT, can provide for the patient? Airway screw Nasal airway Endotracheal airway Oral airway

oral airway

You arrive on-scene of a 56-year-old female patient in cardiac arrest. What is the first airway you should administer? Combitube Nasopharyngeal airway Pharyngeal-Tracheal Lumen airway Oropharyngeal airway

oropharyngeal airway

Which of the following is the EMT's key role at the scene of an auto extrication? Incident commander Patient advocate Rescue technician Safety officer

patient advocate

You have been called to a nursing home for a 48-year-old male with a history of schizophrenia. On scene you find the patient to be highly agitated and clutching his left hand while complaining that there are bugs in it. After performing the primary assessment and finding no life threats, you should: reassure the patient that he is safe, and then transport to the hospital. ask the patient to describe the bugs. physically and thoroughly assess his left hand. determine if the patient is compliant with his medications.

physically and thoroughly assess his left hand

A patient with a headache informs you that his physician has diagnosed him with cluster headaches. He states that the pain feels just like the last cluster headache that he suffered. The primary assessment reveals no life threats. His vital signs are: pulse 104, respirations 16, blood pressure 124/68 mmHg, and SpO2 at 98%. You note no neurological deficits. Based on this information, which one of the following is indicated in the treatment of this patient? Immediately transport the patient to the hospital for possible stroke. Massage the neck and obtain a refusal for transport if the pain is alleviated. Place the patient on the cot and allow him to assume a position of comfort. Administer supplemental oxygen at 15 liters per minute.

place the patient on the cot and allow him to assume a position of comfort

Your patient is a 7-year-old girl who was prescribed an antibiotic for an ear infection. After 4 days on the antibiotic, the patient is experiencing hives and itching on her face, throat, and neck. Which of the following should you do? Immediately administer Epi-Pen Jr.® Advise the parents that these symptoms are related to the ear infection and the antibiotic will take care of these symptoms if taken as directed. Advise the parents to call the pediatrician for a different antibiotic. Provide supportive care and monitor the patient's condition during transport to the hospital.

provide supportive care and monitor the patient's condition during transport to the hospital

While touring the local 911 center, you learn that all of the following are the responsibility of the emergency medical dispatcher EXCEPT ________. providing emergency instructions to the caller prioritizing calls that come in coordinating with other public safety agencies providing medical direction to the responding units

providing medical direction to the responding units

Defibrillation is indicated for which of the following situations? Pulseless electrical activity Pulseless bradycardia Asystole Pulseless ventricular tachycardia

pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Defibrillation is indicated for which of the following situations? Pulseless ventricular tachycardia Pulseless electrical activity Pulseless bradycardia Asystole

pulseless ventricular tachycardia

You are assisting a paramedic who is administering glucagon to a patient. Based on your understanding of how glucagon works in the human body, which one of the following is the therapeutic goal of administering it? Rapidly decreases a high amount of circulating glucose Raises the amount of circulating blood glucose Increases insulin release from the liver Helps red blood cells carry the glucose

raises the amount of circulating blood glucose

You are transporting a patient who overdosed on medications from a community emergency department (ED) to a large medical center for continued care. In the ED, the patient received two doses of activated charcoal. When performing your reassessment of the patient, which of the following findings would be most concerning? Nausea Red colored stool Dark black stool Diarrhea

red-colored stool

You suspect that an unresponsive female may be diabetic. To help confirm this suspicion, where would you send your partner to look for vials of insulin? Refrigerator Bedside table Nightstand Bathroom

refrigerator

what are the 5 rights?

right patient; right time; right drug; right dose; right route

As you interview your patient, he informs you that there are vigilantes out to get him and his family. You recognize this as possible ________. acute alcohol intoxication schizophrenia anxiety bipolar disorder

schizophrenia

Which one of the following statements about seizures is true? "All seizures are caused by some form of brain injury." "If the cause of a seizure is unknown, it is classified as status epilepticus." "Seizures may be caused by a variety of medical conditions." "Patients who have seizures are at increased risk for stroke."

seizures may be caused by a variety of medical conditions

Care for a patient who is suffering from a panic attack and is hyperventilating includes ________. law enforcement backup high-flow oxygen sitting with the patient and having him take slow deep breaths rapid transport

sitting with the patient and having him take slow deep breaths

A local politician has been involved in a motor vehicle collision. Witnesses state that they saw the man leave a bar. Then, just two miles down the road, he struck a utility pole head on. On scene and throughout transport, the patient is confused and combative. When leaving the hospital, a reporter asks you what happened and you state that it looks as though the politician may be drunk, but you are not sure. Your statement is printed in the newspaper. Later, it is determined that the man was not drunk, but rather he was a diabetic and his blood sugar was low. What charge could the politician levy against you? Litigation Battery Assault Slander

slander

which of the following organs may be seriously damaged by sickle cell anemia, and often subsequently leads to severe infections? liver kidneys lungs spleen

spleen

A female patient in her forties has overdosed and is lying at the bottom of some stairs. As you arrive, her husband informs you that she is addicted to pain medications and was chewing a fentanyl (narcotic pain reliever) patch this evening. He states that she was having difficulty standing up and fell down the stairs. He is so frustrated with her that he immediately leaves the scene. The patient has snoring respiration and is incontinent of urine. You first step in caring for this patient would be to: take manual in-line spinal stabilization. apply supplemental oxygen. check her pupils for signs of a narcotic overdose. open the airway with a head-tilt, chin-lift.

take manual in-line spinal stabilization

A 77-year-old male got out of bed, became dizzy, and fell onto the floor, hitting the right side of his face. You find him sitting on the floor with his wife next to him. His wife states that he did not lose consciousness and that this has happened several times over the past few days, ever since the doctor put him on a new blood pressure medication. Presently, the patient is alert and oriented and complaining of dizziness and a headache. He has a history of coronary artery disease, emphysema, and hypertension. Which one of the following should you do first? Take manual in-line spinal stabilization and begin assessment. Check the patient's airway, breathing, and circulatory status. Position the patient supine with his feet elevated and get vital signs. Provide supplemental oxygen to maintain a SpO2 of 94% or greater.

take manual in-line stabilization and begin assessment

A rescuer trained to recognize a hazard, use equipment, and supervise a technical rescue is trained at the ________. technical level supervisory level awareness level operational level

technical level

You have been asked to review a legal case in which a patient intentionally overdosed on heroin and then died after EMS arrived because they did not have a bag-valve mask to ventilate the nonbreathing patient. The evidence indicates that the EMT and paramedics both signed their morning equipment check indicating that they had inspected the ambulance and had all the necessary equipment to do their job. In this case, you would realize: the EMT and paramedic were negligent in caring for the patient. the EMT and paramedic are not responsible since the patient intentionally overdosed. the EMT and paramedic can seek protection under the Good Samaritan Act. the EMT and paramedic will most likely be charged with contributory negligence.

the EMT and paramedic were negligent in caring for the patient

Regarding a generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizure, which statement is true regarding the different stages? The aura comes before a loss of consciousness. The patient becomes postictal just before the hypertonic phase. A loss of consciousness occurs after the clonic (convulsion) phase. The patient is postictal prior to convulsion activity.

the aura comes before a loss of consciousness

You respond to the scene of a motor vehicle collision involving a small pickup truck that struck the rear of a moving tractor-trailer. The driver of the tractor-trailer is walking around and complains of neck pain. The driver of the pickup truck is conscious, but cannot exit the vehicle because the door is stuck and the steering wheel is displaced onto his lap. The passenger of the pickup truck is sitting upright in the passenger seat, is unconscious, but has radial pulses. Access to the passenger is not obstructed. A fourth patient, who was sitting in the pickup truck bed, is found about ten feet away and responds to commands appropriately. Assuming your ambulance is the only emergency vehicle on the scene currently, which of the following patients should be packaged for transport first by the next arriving ambulance? The passenger in the pickup truck's front seat The passenger ejected from the pickup truck bed The pickup truck driver The tractor trailer driver

the passenger in the pickup truck's front seat

Status epilepticus is a condition when: the patient has two or more convulsive seizures lasting 5 to 10 minutes or more without regaining full consciousness. the patient has three or more convulsive seizures lasting 5 to 10 minutes or more without regaining full consciousness. the patient has two or more convulsive seizures lasting 5 to 10 minutes or more but regains full consciousness between them. the patient has two or more convulsive seizures lasting 2 to 3 minutes or more without regaining full consciousness.

the patient has two or more convulsive seizures lasting 2 to 3 minutes or more without regaining full consciousness

A 92-year-old male states that he "passed out" and fell down. He regained consciousness a few moments later, but had shortness of breath and sharp chest pain. Which one of the following in the patient's history is of greatest concern? The patient states his left calf is tender and painful. The patient injured his wrist when he fell. The patient took nitroglycerin and now has a headache. He had hip surgery two years ago.

the patient states his left calf is tender and painful

Capillaries are

thin-walled vessels that are very small in diameter; red blood cells must pass through them in single file. (without muscles)

You are called to a local restaurant. Upon arrival you find an anxious female patient who says she thinks she accidentally ate shellfish. She has a history of allergic reactions to shellfish. The patient is presenting with no signs and symptoms of distress but is concerned nonetheless. Which of the following actions is most appropriate? Transport the patient rapidly before the onset of anaphylaxis. Try to find out if her meal contained, or came into contact with, shellfish. Assist her with the administration of her epinephrine auto-injector. Advise the patient that she does not require treatment at this time.

try to find out if her meal contained, or came into contact with, shellfish

A 20-year-old patient is unresponsive with snoring respirations. She is in a public restroom with no family or friends with her. After addressing the airway, breathing, and circulation, you begin the secondary assessment. Which one of the following signs best indicates the patient experienced a seizure? Urinary incontinence Constricted pupils Altered mental status Snoring respirations

urinary incontinence

which of the following is required in the management of all open soft-tissue injuries? cervical spine precautions application of a disinfectant solution use of standard precautions by the EMT Provision of high-concentration oxygen

use of standard precautions by the EMT

Which of the following is an action caused by epinephrine in anaphylaxis? Vasoconstriction Decreased heart rate Bronchoconstriction All of the above

vasoconstriction

As you prepare to administer epinephrine to your patient in anaphylaxis, your partner quizzes you on the mechanisms of action. You reply that epinephrine is used in anaphylaxis for all of the following effects EXCEPT ________. increased blood pressure vasodilation increased heart rate bronchodilation

vasodilation

Rough handling of a patient with severe hypothermia may result in which of the following? Ventricular fibrillation Seizures Heart attack Rewarming shock

ventricular fibrillation

The set of flight rules that allows most EMS aircraft to fly as long as conditions are free of clouds or fog is ________. instrument flight rules good-skies flight rules daytime flight rules visual flight rules

visual flight rules

Which of the following would you expect to hear when auscultating the lungs of a patient having an anaphylactic reaction? Wheezing Coarse-sounding rhonchi Fine, wet crackles or rales Clear, adequate air movement

wheezing

Which of the following represents the greatest risk related to the ingestion of cyanide? Gastrointestinal damage High fever Lung damage Widespread hypoxia

widespread hypoxia

A patient with severe chest pain hands you a bottle of nitroglycerin. After reading the label, you determine that the medication expired two months ago. You should: a. withhold the medication and transport. b. administer the nitroglycerin orally. c. administer two of the nitroglycerin tablets. d. place one tablet under the patient's tongue.

withhold the medication and transport.

A diabetic patient has an elevated blood sugar (545 mg/dL) and requires an injection of insulin. Your EMT partner is also a diabetic and administers insulin injections to himself throughout the day as needed. Although the Scope of Practice lists nothing about EMTs giving insulin, your partner administers the insulin injection to the patient. The patient's blood sugar comes down and her condition improves. Which of the following is true? Since the patient benefited from the insulin, your partner acted appropriately. It was permissible for your partner to give the insulin since he is diabetic and knows how. Because your partner used the patient's insulin rather than his own, he cannot be reprimanded. Your partner violated the Scope of Practice and may have his certification revoked.

your partner violated the scope of practice and may have his certification revoked

you are loading a 24-year-old male for transport to the hospital after he stated that he wanted to kill himself. The patient's father pulls you aside and tells you that his son repeatedly has been in the hospital for suicidal statements but is then released and comes home and the whole cycle repeats itself. He is worried that one day his son will actually commit suicide and wonders if there is anything he can do to decrease the chance of this happening. In regards to the most common means by which people commit suicide, you should respond by saying: "It would be best to get rid of all the beer, wine, and alcohol in the house." "I would suggest gathering up all guns and removing them from the house." "The chance of him committing suicide is low since he has never actually attempted it." "Lock up all of the household cleaning products since these are commonly ingested."

I would suggest gathering up all guns and removing them from the house.

Which one of the following seizure patients is most at risk for problems to the airway and breathing? 23-year-old female with a history of seizures and has been seizing for 14 minutes 76-year-old female who takes anticonvulsant medications and just began seizing 11-year-old postictal boy with no history of seizures but is mentally retarded 32-year-old male who has stopped taking his seizure medications and suffered a seizure

23-year-old female with a history of seizures and ahs been seizing for 14 minutes

A heavy dresser fell onto a 76-year-old's foot as he attempted to move it across his bedroom floor. His right foot and ankle are bruised, but he is refusing treatment or transport since it does not hurt. Which of the following statements made by the patient would be most concerning and warrant contact with medical command for further advisement? "I have a history of congestive heart failure." "I have been told I have peripheral neuropathy." "I was recently diagnosed with cataracts." "I fell and broke my left ankle last year."

"i have been told i have peripheral neuropathy"

The purpose for continuous quality improvement in AED programs is to ________. improve patient outcomes within the community take disciplinary action for patient care errors replace continuing education eliminate the need for medical direction

"improve patient outcomes within the community"

You have been called for an 84-year-old female who fell and hit her head. The patient is confused and has a laceration on her forehead. When getting the history from family members, which statement suggests that the patient is suffering from delirium? "Her memory has been fading over the last two years." "She could not remember her name yesterday." "She only wants to eat junk food anymore." "She has a history of progressive dementia."

"she could not remember her name yesterday"

The EMT understands diastolic blood pressure when he describes it as which of the following? "The pressure needed to move blood through the cardiovascular system" "The pressure in the arteries after cardiac contraction" "The pressure in the arterial system when the heart contracts" "The pressure in the venous system when the heart is at rest"

"the pressure in the arteries after cardiac contraction"

cardiac tamponade

(occurs when an injury to the heart causes blood to flow into the surrounding pericardial sac) the heart's unyielding (?) sac fills with blood and compresses the chambers of the heart to a point where they will no longer adequately fill, backing up blood into the veins

After assisting a patient using his metered-dose inhaler, the patient's son asks why his father cannot take the medication in the form of a pill. Which one of the following responses is most appropriate? A. "By giving the medication directly to the lungs, the effect is more immediate." B. "Your father could take this medication by spraying it under his tongue. Check with his doctor." C. "It would be best if you asked the doctor because I cannot legally answer that question." D. "There are only a few medications that come in pill form, and this is not one of them."

"By giving the medication directly to the lungs, the effect is more immediate"

A woman calls the station and asks if you transported a patient named Patricia Gardner earlier in the day. She says that she is her friend and wants to know if she is okay. An appropriate response would be: "I cannot tell you that, but her family is at home and they can give you more information." "I do not doubt that you are her friend, but I cannot release that information." "She was treated for chest pain, but I cannot release her diagnosis for admission." "I can tell you that she was transported to the hospital, but I cannot tell you why."

"I do not doubt that you are her friend, but i cannot release that information."

While transporting a patient with schizophrenia, he suddenly screams, "Do you see that snake? It is right next to you! Kill it!" How should you respond to this patient? "There is not a snake in the ambulance. They could not live in here because there is no food." "Where do you see the snake? Can you describe its color? Do you see more than one?" "What do you mean a snake? This is a new ambulance. I hope that it did not come with a snake!" "I do not see a snake; I see a stethoscope. I do not doubt that you see a snake

"I do not see a snake; I see a stethoscope. I do not doubt that you see a snake."

Which one of the following statements made by another EMT, regarding chest pain and acute coronary syndrome, should you agree with? "If the patient experiences chest pain that radiates into the left arm, it is most likely a heart attack. If the pain radiates anywhere else, it is most likely not cardiac in origin." "If the chest pain started during activity, it is most likely cardiac. If the pain started while the patient was at rest, it is most likely not cardiac." "Many patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome do not have actual chest pain; rather, they experience a sensation of discomfort or pressure." "If the patient's chest pain does not go away with nitroglycerin, the EMT should assume that the medication is expired and ineffective."

"Many patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome do not have actual chest pain; rather, they experience a sensation of discomfort or pressure."

Which one of the following patient statements should make an EMT suspect primary hypertension? "My high blood pressure caused my heart to go bad." "I have to take two blood pressure medications at the same time to get my pressure down." "The doctor said that my blood pressure is high because my kidneys are bad." "The doctor does not know what is causing my blood pressure to be high."

"The Doctor does not know what is causing my blood pressure to be high"

While treating a cardiac arrest patient with an AED, you shout, "Clear." Which of the team members is allowed to continue providing patient care? No one is allowed to continue patient care. Anyone in contact with the patient below the level of the patient's knees. The EMT performing bag-valve-mask ventilations. The provider who is ventilating the patient, as long as the patient has been intubated by a paramedic so the provider does not directly touch the patient.

No one is allowed to continue patient care.

You are providing bag-valve-mask ventilations to a patient in anaphylactic shock. There is increasing resistance to ventilation, despite using proper technique. Which of the following is the best way to address this situation? Turn the patient to her side and apply manual pressure over the epigastrium. Occlude the pop-off valve on the bag-valve mask and continue ventilations. Increase both the ventilatory rate and force of ventilation. Stop ventilations and administer an albuterol metered-dose inhale

Occlude the pop-off valve on the bag-valve mask and continue ventilations

As you arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle collision, you find the driver lying on the shoulder of the roadway. He has a large wound on his leg. A bystander is controlling bleeding from the wound. Legal protection for this bystander would fall under the ________. EMS scope of practice laws medical practice laws Good Samaritan laws motor vehicle laws

Good Samaritan Laws

Which of the following requires training, policies, and procedures related to storing, accessing, and sharing patient information? EMTALA COBRA HIPAA HIAPA

HIPAA