Quiz 6 Med-Surg, Shock-Chapter 19 questions from text book and study guide plus important facts from powerpoint
Fluid replacement continues until:
a mean arterial pressure of 60 mm Hg or greater is attained and evidence of adequate tissue perfusion
Ischemia
an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.
Shock uses what kind of metabolism?
anaerobic metabolism
A person has a severe allergic reaction that results in bronchoconstriction and increased capillary permeability. This type of shock is:
anaphylactic
Which type of shock occurs suddenly following exposure to a substance for which the patient had already developed antibodies?
anaphylactic
The body of a patient with neurogenic shock is unable to compensate with vasoconstriction because:
the vasomotor center is incapacitated
Is change in the level of consciousness the best indicator for cerebral perfusion?
yes
Which are compensatory mechanisms in shock related to the sympathetic nervous system response? select all that apply
1) decreased blood flow to the kidneys 2) Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activated
causes of obstructive shock are: select all that apply
1) tension pneumothorax 2) pericardial tamponade 3) pulmonary embolus 4) superior vena cava syndrome 5) abnormal compartment syndrome
Which are three types of distributive shock? Select all that apply
1)Anaphylactic 2) Septic 3) Neurogenic
Which descriptions relate to distributive shock? Select all that apply.
1)Fluid pools in dependent areas of the body2)Problem is with excessive dilation of blood vessels
4 types of shock-
1. Hypovolemic 2. Cardiogenic 3. Distributive 4. Obstructive
Subtypes of vasogenic shock
1.Anaphylactic shock 2. Septic shock 3. Neurogenic shock
Which descriptions are related to hypovolemic shock? Select all that applay.
1.Caused by rapid blood loss, dehydration, hemorrhage, severe diarrhea or vomiting, and excessive perspiration 2. Occurs when the circulating blood volume is inadequate to maintain supply of oxygen and nutrients to tissue
patient with vasopressors should have their vital signs monitored every :
15 minutes
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
A condition in which the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick.
mechanical obstruction to blood flow and a resultant reduction in cardiac output occur
Obstructive shock
Occurs when the heart fails to pump
Cardiogenic shock
myocardial contractility
Cardiogenic shock
widespread vasodilation
Distributive
blood volume loss
Hypovolemic
Circulating blood volume is inadequate to maintain supply of oxygen and nutrients to body tissues
Hypovolemic shock
Peritonitis, diarrhea, vomiting, hemorrhage lead to :
Hypovolemic shock
Once sufficient fluids have been administered a ____________ agent may be ordered to increase myocardial contractility
Inotropic agent
Deprived of adequate oxygen, cells resort to anaerobic metabolism, which produces lactic acid and results in:
Metabolic acidosis
Spinal cord injury may lead to:
Neurogenic shock
disruption in the nervous system affects the vasomotor center in the medulla
Neurogenic shock
Tension pneumothorax,pericardial tamponade, superior vena cava may lead to:
Obstructive shock
impaired circulatory blood flow
Obstructive shock
What is disrupted in neurogenic shock ?
Sympathetic
What makes anaphylactic, septic, and neurogenic shock falls under the sames category of shock?
Vasodilation
Excessive dilation of the blood vessels or decreased vascular resistance
Vasogenic
Common cause of Cardiogenic shock:
When heart fails to pump
Edema in anaphylactic shock is caused by :
fluid leaking out of the capillaries into the tissues
A woman experiences burns over 80% of her body. The nurse suspects she has:
hypovolemic shock
Following an automobile accident, a 35-year old man experienced severe hemorrhage. This type of shock is classified as:
hypovolemic shock
myocarditis
inflammation of the heart muscle
Why should a cardiogenic patient not receive large volumes of fluid through IV?
large volumes of fluid may further compromise a failing heart
Crystalloids provide what?
replacement water and electrolytes for all fluid compartments
inadequate tissue perfusion resulting in impaired cellular metabolism :
shock
The adrenal cortex secretes aldosterone to promote :
sodium retention