Quiz#2-Geology lecture

Minerals are all naturally occurring solid substances with a definable chemical composition. They must also possess ________.

a fixed crystalline structure (spatial arrangement of atoms and ions

What is the name given to an atom that gains or loses electrons in a chemical reaction?

ion

Which group of minerals are the most abundant in the Earth's crust?

silicates

All silicate minerals contain which two elements?

silicon and oxygen

An atom's mass number is 13 and its atomic number is 6. How many neutrons are in its nucleus

7

Which of the following is NOT true about minerals?

All minerals are compounds of more than one element.

Which of the following is an accurate description of ionic bonding?

Atoms of different elements, having gained or lost electrons, form negative and positive ions that are bonded together by attractive forces between ions with opposite charges.

Which of the following best defines a mineral and a rock?

In a mineral the constituent atoms are bonded in a regular, repetitive, internal structure; a rock is a lithified or consolidated aggregate of different mineral grains.

Which of the following is correct for isotopes of the same element?

The atoms have different numbers of neutrons and the same number of protons.

Which one of the following is not true for minerals?

They can be a liquid, solid, or gas.

In which type of chemical bonding are electrons shared between adjacent atoms?

covalent

Natural glass is NOT considered a mineral because it ________.

does not have a fixed crystalline structure

When two different minerals have the same chemical formula but different crystal structures, they are said to be ________.

polymorphs

When a solution becomes oversaturated, new solid particles are said to ________.

precipitate from the solution

Which the following denotes the massive, positively charged, nuclear particles?

protons