Quizzes

infinite creativity

Ava, a four-year-old girl, combines words to form her own sentences. In this scenario, Ava is demonstrating _____.

repression

In Freud's psychodynamic theory,__________is the ejection of anxiety-evoking ideas from conscious awareness.

Franz Mesmer

Modern hypnosis evolves from the ideas of _____.

conform

People are said to__________when they change their behavior to adhere to social norms.

learn more slowly.

People deprived of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep:

illness anxiety disorder

People with__________insist that they are suffering from a serious physical malady, even though no medical evidence of it can be found.

leukocytes

The immune system is able to eradicate foreign substances like pathogens because of the functioning of white blood cells called__________.

synapse

a neuron relays its message to another neuron across a junction called a

true

in the context of psychological researches, debriefing is the process of explaining the purposes and methods of a completed procedure to a participant

to confine epileptic seizures to one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex

what is the purpose of a split brain operation?

housing people with psychological disorders.

Asylums were intended primarily for:

generalization

Bethany taught her dog to jump every time she raises her right hand. Later, the dog started jumping even if she raised her left hand. In this scenario, the dog's action of jumping as a response to a similar stimulus is due to a tendency called _____.

phallic stage

Freud believed that the Oedipus complex develops in the__________of psychosexual development.

true

Gestalt therapy assumes that people disown parts of themselves that might meet with social disapproval or rejection.

true

Hippocrates suggested that psychological disorders are caused by brain abnormalities.

generalization

In Pavlov's experiment, he conditioned his dog to salivate when it was shown a circle. Later, the dog salivated when it was shown other closed geometric figures including squares. Through his experiment, Pavlov demonstrated _____.

Rebound anxiety

Ryan, a psychiatrist, has recommended that his patient, who suffers from generalized anxiety, stop the use of antianxiety drugs. After two weeks, the patient complains that her anxiety symptoms have become worse. Ryan tells the patient that her feelings are an expected response to stopping antianxiety medication. What is the patient experiencing?

germinal stage

The__________is the first stage of prenatal development, during which the dividing mass of cells has not been implanted in the uterine wall.

it transmits messages about sights, sounds, smells, temperature, body positions, and so on, to the central nervous system

what role does the somatic nervous system play?

Pain is usually sharpest where nerve endings are densely packed.

In the context of pain, which of the following statements is true?

umami

Which of the following is a new basic taste that was recently added to the primary taste qualities?

120

Jane is a ten-year-old girl with a mental age (MA) of twelve. Jane's intelligence quotient (IQ) calculated using Wilhelm Stern's formula is _____.

selective attention

Jenny is preparing for an English test, and her brother is playing music loudly in the next room. She focuses on reading her English text books and ignores the music. In this scenario, Jenny is using _____.

testosterone

During puberty,__________stokes the growth of muscle and bone and the development of primary and secondary sex characteristics in a male body.

spontaneous recovery

In the context of classical conditioning, _____ helps organisms adapt to situations that recur from time to time.

Antonio Egas Moniz

Prefrontal lobotomy was pioneered by__________.

ego identity

Tom, a high school senior, is very clear that he wants to study medicine. He spends his summer volunteering at hospitals and studies very hard for all his tests. He subscribes to medical journals so that he does not miss out on developments in the medical field. Tom is determined to study at Harvard Medical School. According to Erickson's theory of psychosocial development, Tom is demonstrating _____.

flashbacks

Some lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) users have__________, which are distorted perceptions or hallucinations that mimic the LSD "trip" but occur days, weeks, or longer after usage.

Babies' babbling frequently combines consonants and vowels.

Which of the following statements is true of prelinguistic vocalizations?

People need more sleep when they are under stress.

Which of the following statements is true of sleep?

It is brief but grammatically correct.

Which of the following statements is true of telegraphic speech?

false

With age, there are very large declines in memory function, and these changes can never be reversed.

neurons

_________ are specialized cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit messages

acetylcholine (ACh)

_________ is a neurotransmitter that controls muscle contractions

behaviorists define psychology as the scientific study of behavior, not of behavior and mental processes

which of the following is true of behaviorism?

emotions

Feeling states with physiological, cognitive, and behavioral components are defined as _____.

sleep paralysis

In _____, a person cannot move during the transition from consciousness to sleep, and hallucinations occur.

true

sacs called synaptic vesicles in the axon terminals contain neurotransmitters

true

As opposed to the dependent variable, an independent variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined

true

In the Milgram studies on obedience, lack of social comparison was a factor contributing to why people complied to perform immoral tasks.

false

In contrast to algorithms, heuristics guarantee a correct solution.

false

In sensory memory, the memory traces of visual stimuli last many times longer than the traces of auditory stimuli.

false

Genetic components do not contribute to an individual's sensitivity to basic tastes.

paranoid personality disorder

Lisa, a high school student, is suspicious of her classmates. She does not trust them and keeps a distance from everyone at school. Lisa is most likely suffering from__________.

false

The method of savings is a measure of time taken for short-term memory to become long term.

acts as a medium for the passage of nutrients from the mother to the embryo.

The placenta:

serial position effect

The series of eye fixations that we perceive as visual sensations seem continuous, or stream like, because of _____.

autonomic nervous system

The__________is the division of the peripheral nervous system that regulates glands and activities such as heartbeat and respiration.

resolution phase

The__________is the final phase of the sexual response cycle.

health psychologist

a ________ is trying to determine the correlation between workplace stress and cancer

correlation coefficient

expresses the strength and direction (positive or negative) of the relationship between two variables

emotions

According to James and Lange,__________are the cognitive representations of automatic physiological and behavioral responses.

hippocampus

Alicia was recently in a car accident. Since then, she cannot retain memories of events that occurred after the accident. However, she can recall events that took place before the accident. She recognizes her family and friends and important dates, such as her birthday and her marriage anniversary, but has to be constantly reintroduced to the new people in her life. Alicia has most likely sustained damage to her _____.

true

Carl Rogers believed that we all have unique frames of reference.

False

Unhealthy stress is referred to as eustress.

Assimilation

A two-year-old child has a pet dog named Sophie. The child visits her neighbor and sees the neighbor's pet dog. Even though the neighbor's dog is larger and of a different color, the child points to it and calls it a dog. Which of Piaget's cognitive processes is the child demonstrating?

avoidant attachment

According to Ainsworth, infants who show__________are least distressed by their mother's departure, play by themselves without fuss, and ignore their mothers when they return.

autonomy versus shame and doubt

According to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, toddlers through about the age of three are said to be in the stage of:

use more dopamine than most people do

According to the dopamine theory, people with schizophrenia _____.

alarm reaction

According to the general adaptation syndrome, the__________is first triggered by perception of a stressor.

flooding

Asha has a fear of darkness. To extinguish this fear, she is placed in a dark room ensuring that she suffers no harm in the process. In this scenario, which of the following techniques is being used to reduce Asha's fear of the dark?

eidetic imagery

At a painting exhibition, Martha admired a painting that depicted a farm. Half an hour later, when she was having lunch with a friend, Martha was able to recall several details depicted in the painting. She remembered correctly the colors that were used, the animals that were drawn, and even the number of trees in the painting. Martha's ability to remember these details is known as _____.

aim to foster self-insight, but they mainly aim to help make people more aware of their current cognitions.

Cognitive therapists, like psychoanalytic and humanistic therapists:

tolerance

Darryl has been a cocaine addict for over 3 years. He is a regular user of the drug. His body is now habituated to the drug, and hence he requires twice as much cocaine as he did initially to achieve similar effects. In this scenario, Darryl is displaying__________.

psychosocial development theory

During Brian's infancy, his mother suffered from alcoholism and abused drugs. She was never emotionally available to him. As a result, he now has difficulty in his relationships with others and cannot trust people easily. This situation supports the views of the _____.

false

If you destroy the lateral hypothalamus of a rat, the rat may become hyperphagic.

false

Immediate reinforcers are less effective than delayed reinforcers.

conditioned response

In the context of classical conditioning, a learned reaction to a learned stimulus is known as a(n)__________.

true

In the context of classical conditioning, the cognitive focus is on the information learned by the organism.

the correlations in intelligence between dizygotic twins were the same as those between other siblings.

In the context of genetic influences on intelligence, a classic study in Louisville, Kentucky, found that:

False

In the context of stereotyping, attractive children and adults are judged and treated more negatively than their unattractive peers.

They are developed through experience.

In the context of the drive-reduction theory, which of the following is true of acquired drives?

emotional intelligence

In the context of the theories of intelligence,__________resembles two of Howard Gardner's "intelligences"—intrapersonal skills and interpersonal skills.

active touching

Lisa is a fabric specialist. Recently, she was invited to an exhibition of Persian silks. Being an expert on fabrics, Lisa continuously moved her hand along the surfaces of different pieces of fabric to get the feel of them. This action is referred to as _____.

false

Mindfulness meditation (MM) provides clients with techniques they can use to attain spiritual enlightenment.

schizotypal personality disorder

People describe Sarah as peculiar. She mixes up random words from different languages and strings them together in rambling sentences. She plays out her fantasy of living in a world made of cotton candy all day. However, she does not suffer from hallucinations or delusions. Sarah is displaying symptoms of _____.

unconscious

The__________mind contains primitive instincts such as sex and aggression.

are less ambitious and less impatient.

Unlike Type A people, Type B people:

central route

When ads focus on the quality of the product, they persuade people to change attitudes through__________.

Although apes do not speak, they have been taught to use American Sign Language.

Which of the following statements is true of communication by nonhumans?

It is determined by exposing individuals to progressively stronger stimuli until the minimum stimuli the person can detect is found.

Which of the following statements is true of the absolute threshold?

mutation

___________ is best defined as a sudden variation in an inheritable characteristic, as distinguished from a variation that results from generations of gradual selection

. Children need to develop feelings of self-control over physical functions.

According to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which of the following is a characteristic of children in the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt?

learning

According to cognitive theorists, _____ is the process by which organisms make relatively permanent changes in the way they represent the environment because of experience.

false

According to the law of similarity, we perceive different objects as belonging together.

continuity

According to the law of__________, there is a tendency to perceive a series of points or lines as having unity.

the populations of events that they appear to depict.

According to the representativeness heuristic, people make judgments about events according to:

variable interval schedule

Ahoma Inc. hands out its best performer award on a weekly, monthly, or quarterly basis. The employees consistently work hard as they are unaware of when the award will be handed out. In this scenario, Ahoma Inc. reinforces its employees' performance based on a _____.

the role of feelings of inferiority and the creative self in the formation of personality.

Alfred Adler's individual psychology focuses on:

false

An anagram is a partial similarity among things that are different in other ways.

false

An emotion cannot be a goal in itself.

infantile amnesia

Dana always hears stories about how extravagantly her first birthday was celebrated, but she is unable to recall the events of that day. Dana's inability to recall the events of her first birthday is known as _____.

Anorexia nervosa

Daniella thinks that she is extremely overweight despite having a normal body weight. She avoids eating food and has recently lost a lot of weight. Despite this, she continues to think that she is overweight. Which eating disorder is Daniella most likely suffers from?

retroactive interference

Joy speaks Spanish as she had learnt the language when she was in school. She is now learning to speak French. She often notices that when speaking in Spanish, French words come to mind. This is an example of _____.

implicit

Katie is a very skilled in-line skater and a tap dancer. Her skills are a part of her _____.

climacteric phase

Ophelia is 51 years old. She has begun to experience hot flashes and finds it difficult to sleep at night. More often than not, she finds herself feeling pessimistic and unmotivated. She also has a certain amount of anxiety. Ophelia is most likely experiencing the _____ of middle adulthood.

nociceptors

Pain results when neurons called__________in the skin are stimulated.

biofeedback training

People learning to emit alpha waves through feedback from an electroencephalograph is an example of__________.

plateau phase

The _____ is the second phase of the sexual response cycle.

fovea

The cones are most densely packed in a small spot at the center of the retina called the__________.

suppression

The term _____ refers to the deliberate placing of certain ideas, impulses, or images out of awareness.

false

The term preconscious is descriptive of bodily processes of which we cannot become conscious.

context-dependent memory

When Claire was baking an apple pie, the odor of the pie triggered some memories of her childhood. She remembered playing with her brother in the living room while her mother baked apple pies. Her memory is an example of a(n) _____.

They combat allergic reactions.

Which of the following is true of corticosteroids?

true

direct artificial stimulation of the occipital lobe also produces visual sensations

The greater the number of cycles per second (Hz), the higher the pitch of the sound.

In the context of sound, which of the following is true?

by instinct

In the context of theories of motivation, birds build nests__________.

It stimulates the growth of tissue in the hips.

Which of the following is true of estrogen production in females?

Electrical stimulation of part of the hypothalamus triggers stereotypical aggressive behaviors in many lower animals.

Which of the following statements is true of aggression?