RAD111 Exam 1 + 2

Because the speed of light is constant, an increase in frequency results in

a decrease in wavelength

One kilovolt is equal to ____________ V.

1,000

Which of the following radiations would not penetrate the skin?

Alpha Particles

The unit of electric current is the

Ampere

A changing magnetic field produces

An Electric Field

What types of material would be the best insulator?

Glass

Who was the first person to design a stationary x-ray grid?

Gustav Bucky

The length of time for a given amount of a radionuclide to decrease to one half its initial amount by radioactive decay is termed radioactive

Half-life

Anna Bertha Roentgen's _____________ was the first radiographic image of human anatomy.

Hand

What is the major difference between x-rays and gamma rays?

Site of origin

When a charged particle is put in motion

a magnetic field is created

According to Ohm's law increasing the resistance in a circuit results in a(an)

decrease in current

Which of the following is inversely proportional to the resistance in a circuit?

diameter of the conductor

A solenoid with an iron core in its center is called a/an

electromagnet

X-radiation is part of the

electromagnetic

Hertz is a measure of the

number of cycles per second

The frequency of an electromagnetic wave is measured in the

number of cycles per second

The field lines of a magnet flow

perpendicular to the magnetic

The Bohr model of the atom consists of a dense

positive nucleus surrounded by electrons in a definite shell

The nucleus of an atom contains which of the following

protons and neutrons

The atomic number is the number of

protons in the nucleus

Place the following electromagnetic waves in order of lowest to the highest energy.

radio waves, microwaves, visible light, x-rays

The electron binding energy is the energy required to

remove an electron from its orbital shell

Beta particles can penetrate through

several millimeters of tissue

Radioactivity can be defined as

spontaneous transformation of one element into another

The inverse square law states the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the

square of the distance

In an induction motor, which components are primarily responsible for making the anode spin?

stators and rotor

A ferromagnetic material is

strongly influenced by a magnetic field

Voltage can be induced in a wire by

moving a magnet near the wire

When a circuit has 110 V and 9 Ω, what is the amperage flowing through the circuit?

12.2 A

How much power was used in a mobile radiographic unit with 220 V and 0.8 A?

176 W

What is the resistance in a circuit with 12,000 V and 65 A?

185 ohms

X-rays were discovered in what year?

1895

In which year were the adverse effects of exposure to large doses of x-radiation first identified?

1898

In which year did Roentgen receive the Nobel Prize for Physics?

1901

What is the power rating of a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V?

240 W

Which equation can be used to calculate the maximum number of electrons in a given shell of an atom?

2n2

A circuit has a potential difference of 78 V and a current of 20 A. What is the resistance in the circuit?

3.9 Ohms

If the original exposure rate to a technologist is 8 mR/h at a distance of 4 meters, moving to a distance of 2 meters results in a new exposure rate of

32 mR/h

If a current of 0.5 A flows through a conductor and has a resistance of 6 ohms, the voltage is

3V

A current through a 5 ohm resistor connected to a 220 volt outlet is

44 amperes

Calculate the total number of electrons present in an atom when there are five orbital shells.

50

In a 60-cycle alternating current, how many complete cycles are produced every second?

60

The binding energy of a K-shell electron in a tungsten atom is

69.5 keV

The maximum number of electrons that the P orbital shell can theoretically hold is

72

The atomic mass number of an element is designated by which letter?

A

Amperage is used to define

coulomb of charge passing a given point in one second

Which of the following situations would serve to increase the resistance of a wire?

Doubling the length

A beta particle is most similar to which particle listed below?

Electron

According to the laws of electrostatics, charge is transferred by the movement of

Electrons

Electromagnetic radiation travels in packets of energy called

Photons

An excessive amount of electrons at one end of a conductor and a deficiency at the other end is known as

Potential Difference

What type of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy and frequency but the longest wavelength?

Radio Waves

Which form of electromagnetic radiation is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?

Radio Waves

The core of an electromagnet should be made of

Iron

The periodic table of elements lists the elements in order of increasing

Atomic Number

The chemical symbol for the element, barium, is

Ba

Thomas Edison's assistant, ______________, was documented as the first x-ray fatality?

Clarence Dally

In order to maintain its superconductivity a superconductor must be

Cooled

In 1948 a device called the _______________ was invented that brightened the fluoroscopic image.

Image Intensifier

The wavelength and frequency of x-rays are _________ related.

Inversely

Which of these material is ferromagnetic?

Iron

Atoms of the same element but different mass numbers are called

Isotopes

Which electron shell has the highest binding energy?

K-Shell

All electromagnetic waves have what characteristics in common?

Same Speed

A group of atoms with their dipoles lined up in the same direction is termed

Magnetic Domain

The letter designation for the fourth shell out from the nucleus is

N

In an electric circuit, electrons move from

Negative to positive

The general term for the two subatomic particles that occupy the massive, central structure of the atom is

Nucleons

The equation, V = IR, is used to express

Ohm's law

Alternating current is required for any device that operates on the basis of electromagnetic induction. True of False?

True

Planck discovered that as the wavelength becomes shorter the energy increased. True of False?

True

The force needed to pass a current of one ampere through a resistance of 1 ohm is the definition for the

Volt

The unit of electrical potential is the

Volt

The unit of electrical power is the

Watt

The distance between the same portions of adjacent waves is the

Wavelength

X-rays have a dual nature, which means that they behave like both

Waves and Particles.

What best describes a proton?

a subatomic particle with a mass of 1 amu and a positive charge

William Rollins used _____________ plates to filter the x-ray beam.

aluminum

The variation between zero and maximum height of the wave is the

amplitude

If one electron is taken away from a helium atom, the result is

an Ion

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and energy?

as energy increases, wavelength decreases and frequency increases

Two magnets with the same poles facing each other will

be repelled

Which types of particulate radiation are given off when a radioisotope decays?

beta and alpha

What type of tube was used in the discovery of X-rays?

cathode ray tubes

What happens in a parallel circuit if one of four branches fails?

circuit remains closed and electrons flow through the remaining branches

A simple DC generator is similar to an AC generator except that a DC generator is constructed with

commutator

The four types of electrical materials are

conductors, insulators, semiconductors, and superconductors

Which of the following are classified as diamagnetic materials?

copper and beryllium

X-rays were discovered when they caused a paper coated with barium platinocyanide to

fluoresce

Place the following electromagnetic waves in order of shortest to longest wavelength.

gamma rays, visible light, infrared, radio waves

Ionizing radiation is radiation that

has enough energy to remove an electron from its orbital shell

What type of x-ray tube was patented by William Coolidge in 1913?

hot cathode x-ray tube with a tungsten filament

Electric insulators

inhibit the movement of electric charge

When there is an increase in distance from the source, how is the intensity of radiation changed?

intensity is decreased

Radiation that has enough energy to eject electrons from their orbital shells is called

ionizing radiation

Wavelength is represented by which Greek letter?

lambda

Roentgen discovered that ____________ projected a solid shadow when exposed to x-rays.

lead

With regard to the structure of the atom, it contains

mostly empty space

Faraday's law states that electrical current will flow through a conductor when it is placed in a

moving magnetic field