RAD111 Exam 1 + 2
Because the speed of light is constant, an increase in frequency results in
a decrease in wavelength
One kilovolt is equal to ____________ V.
1,000
Which of the following radiations would not penetrate the skin?
Alpha Particles
The unit of electric current is the
Ampere
A changing magnetic field produces
An Electric Field
What types of material would be the best insulator?
Glass
Who was the first person to design a stationary x-ray grid?
Gustav Bucky
The length of time for a given amount of a radionuclide to decrease to one half its initial amount by radioactive decay is termed radioactive
Half-life
Anna Bertha Roentgen's _____________ was the first radiographic image of human anatomy.
Hand
What is the major difference between x-rays and gamma rays?
Site of origin
When a charged particle is put in motion
a magnetic field is created
According to Ohm's law increasing the resistance in a circuit results in a(an)
decrease in current
Which of the following is inversely proportional to the resistance in a circuit?
diameter of the conductor
A solenoid with an iron core in its center is called a/an
electromagnet
X-radiation is part of the
electromagnetic
Hertz is a measure of the
number of cycles per second
The frequency of an electromagnetic wave is measured in the
number of cycles per second
The field lines of a magnet flow
perpendicular to the magnetic
The Bohr model of the atom consists of a dense
positive nucleus surrounded by electrons in a definite shell
The nucleus of an atom contains which of the following
protons and neutrons
The atomic number is the number of
protons in the nucleus
Place the following electromagnetic waves in order of lowest to the highest energy.
radio waves, microwaves, visible light, x-rays
The electron binding energy is the energy required to
remove an electron from its orbital shell
Beta particles can penetrate through
several millimeters of tissue
Radioactivity can be defined as
spontaneous transformation of one element into another
The inverse square law states the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the
square of the distance
In an induction motor, which components are primarily responsible for making the anode spin?
stators and rotor
A ferromagnetic material is
strongly influenced by a magnetic field
Voltage can be induced in a wire by
moving a magnet near the wire
When a circuit has 110 V and 9 Ω, what is the amperage flowing through the circuit?
12.2 A
How much power was used in a mobile radiographic unit with 220 V and 0.8 A?
176 W
What is the resistance in a circuit with 12,000 V and 65 A?
185 ohms
X-rays were discovered in what year?
1895
In which year were the adverse effects of exposure to large doses of x-radiation first identified?
1898
In which year did Roentgen receive the Nobel Prize for Physics?
1901
What is the power rating of a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V?
240 W
Which equation can be used to calculate the maximum number of electrons in a given shell of an atom?
2n2
A circuit has a potential difference of 78 V and a current of 20 A. What is the resistance in the circuit?
3.9 Ohms
If the original exposure rate to a technologist is 8 mR/h at a distance of 4 meters, moving to a distance of 2 meters results in a new exposure rate of
32 mR/h
If a current of 0.5 A flows through a conductor and has a resistance of 6 ohms, the voltage is
3V
A current through a 5 ohm resistor connected to a 220 volt outlet is
44 amperes
Calculate the total number of electrons present in an atom when there are five orbital shells.
50
In a 60-cycle alternating current, how many complete cycles are produced every second?
60
The binding energy of a K-shell electron in a tungsten atom is
69.5 keV
The maximum number of electrons that the P orbital shell can theoretically hold is
72
The atomic mass number of an element is designated by which letter?
A
Amperage is used to define
coulomb of charge passing a given point in one second
Which of the following situations would serve to increase the resistance of a wire?
Doubling the length
A beta particle is most similar to which particle listed below?
Electron
According to the laws of electrostatics, charge is transferred by the movement of
Electrons
Electromagnetic radiation travels in packets of energy called
Photons
An excessive amount of electrons at one end of a conductor and a deficiency at the other end is known as
Potential Difference
What type of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy and frequency but the longest wavelength?
Radio Waves
Which form of electromagnetic radiation is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?
Radio Waves
The core of an electromagnet should be made of
Iron
The periodic table of elements lists the elements in order of increasing
Atomic Number
The chemical symbol for the element, barium, is
Ba
Thomas Edison's assistant, ______________, was documented as the first x-ray fatality?
Clarence Dally
In order to maintain its superconductivity a superconductor must be
Cooled
In 1948 a device called the _______________ was invented that brightened the fluoroscopic image.
Image Intensifier
The wavelength and frequency of x-rays are _________ related.
Inversely
Which of these material is ferromagnetic?
Iron
Atoms of the same element but different mass numbers are called
Isotopes
Which electron shell has the highest binding energy?
K-Shell
All electromagnetic waves have what characteristics in common?
Same Speed
A group of atoms with their dipoles lined up in the same direction is termed
Magnetic Domain
The letter designation for the fourth shell out from the nucleus is
N
In an electric circuit, electrons move from
Negative to positive
The general term for the two subatomic particles that occupy the massive, central structure of the atom is
Nucleons
The equation, V = IR, is used to express
Ohm's law
Alternating current is required for any device that operates on the basis of electromagnetic induction. True of False?
True
Planck discovered that as the wavelength becomes shorter the energy increased. True of False?
True
The force needed to pass a current of one ampere through a resistance of 1 ohm is the definition for the
Volt
The unit of electrical potential is the
Volt
The unit of electrical power is the
Watt
The distance between the same portions of adjacent waves is the
Wavelength
X-rays have a dual nature, which means that they behave like both
Waves and Particles.
What best describes a proton?
a subatomic particle with a mass of 1 amu and a positive charge
William Rollins used _____________ plates to filter the x-ray beam.
aluminum
The variation between zero and maximum height of the wave is the
amplitude
If one electron is taken away from a helium atom, the result is
an Ion
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and energy?
as energy increases, wavelength decreases and frequency increases
Two magnets with the same poles facing each other will
be repelled
Which types of particulate radiation are given off when a radioisotope decays?
beta and alpha
What type of tube was used in the discovery of X-rays?
cathode ray tubes
What happens in a parallel circuit if one of four branches fails?
circuit remains closed and electrons flow through the remaining branches
A simple DC generator is similar to an AC generator except that a DC generator is constructed with
commutator
The four types of electrical materials are
conductors, insulators, semiconductors, and superconductors
Which of the following are classified as diamagnetic materials?
copper and beryllium
X-rays were discovered when they caused a paper coated with barium platinocyanide to
fluoresce
Place the following electromagnetic waves in order of shortest to longest wavelength.
gamma rays, visible light, infrared, radio waves
Ionizing radiation is radiation that
has enough energy to remove an electron from its orbital shell
What type of x-ray tube was patented by William Coolidge in 1913?
hot cathode x-ray tube with a tungsten filament
Electric insulators
inhibit the movement of electric charge
When there is an increase in distance from the source, how is the intensity of radiation changed?
intensity is decreased
Radiation that has enough energy to eject electrons from their orbital shells is called
ionizing radiation
Wavelength is represented by which Greek letter?
lambda
Roentgen discovered that ____________ projected a solid shadow when exposed to x-rays.
lead
With regard to the structure of the atom, it contains
mostly empty space
Faraday's law states that electrical current will flow through a conductor when it is placed in a
moving magnetic field
