Radiography Review:Dental

The focal trough is an imaginary 3-D curved area or space, shaped like a ________.

horseshoe

The term ________ is used to describe the pictures that are produced with digital radiography.

image

The most critical component in film processing quality control is __________.

maintaining the freshness of the processing solutions

For the patient with a hypersensitive gag reflex, the _______ should be exposed last.

maxillary molars

The exposure sequence for the posterior teeth should begin with the ___________.

maxillary right premolar film

The exposure controls allow the ____________ to be adjusted on the panoramic x-ray unit, to accommodate patients of different sizes.

milliamperage and kilovoltage

The correct position of the Frankfort plane for a diagnostically correct panoramic radiograph is __________.

parallel to the floor

In order for a film to be properly processed, it should be left in a fixer solution, at full strengthm for how long? (THINK: 2-4-6)

2 minutes

In adults, a # ____ size intraoral film is used for the occlusal technique. (THINK: Child= Cut in 1/2)

4

One of the rules of radiation protection is to never stand closer than ___________ feet from the x-ray unit during an exposure unless you are behind a barrier.

6

The uses of dental radiographs include the detection of_______.

Bone loss in its early stages

The dentist who is credited with the first practical use of radiographs in dentistry in 1896 is _______________.

C. Edmund Kells

Radiographs are the property of the ________.

Dentist

Who is responsible for the overall quality assurance in a dental practice?

Dentist

____________ imaging is a wireless method. (TRUE)

Digital storage phosphor

The process of imforming the patient about the nature and purpose of dental radiographs is termed __________.

Disclosure

What size films are used for the anterior region of the mouth?

Either size #1 (narrow anterior) or size #2 (adult)

What is the orbital path of an electron around the nucleus called?

Electron Shell

Which film holder can aid in positioning the film during an endodontic procedure, because it fits around the dam clamp and the endodontic instruments?

EndoRay

Which component of the x-ray machine functions in positioning the tubehead?

Extension Arm

___-speed film is the newest and fastest film currently available.

F (Insight)

_______ hardens the film emulsion during film processing.

Fixing

A film cassette made of plastic or metal is used to hold and protect the extraoral film. During exposure, the ______ side of the cassette must always face the patient.

Front

The radiographic image is located within the _________ of the radiographic film.

Gelatin that suspends the emulsion

A(n) _______ is a device that intensifies or increases the effect of the radiation and decreases the amount of exposure time needed when exposing an extraoral radiograph.

Intensifying Screen

Automatic film processing requires _______ than manual film processing.

Less equipment

Anything that occupies space and has form or shape is _______.

Matter

What will appear radiopaque on dental x-ray film?

Metal Restorations

Which statement is true regarding Federal and State regulations on the use of dental radiograph equipment?

Most states have laws that require inspections of dental x-ray equipment on a regular basis.

A lead apron and thyroid collar _____________.

Must be used on all patients for all exposures

Exposure to radiation _____________.

No matter how small, has the potential to cause harmfull biologic changes.

Incorrect horizontal angulation of the PID results in ________.

Overlapped contact areas

Which is an extraoral film that is placed outside the mouth during x-ray exposure?

Panoramic

The Guidlines for Prescribing Denal Radiographs issued by the American Dental Association and the FDA recommend what radiographic procedure for a pregnant patient?

Radiographic procedures do not need to be altered because of pregnancy.

The term ___________ is used to describe areas that appear dark on the radiograph;__________ is the term used to describe areas that appear white or light gray.

Radiolucent; Radiopaque

What is secondary radiation?

Refers to x-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter.

In dentistry, the ___________ the wavelengths of the x-rays, the greater their energy and their usefulness.

Shorter

The most commonly used film size for adult intraoral dentistry is ________.

Size #2

Which of the following tissues has the highest radiation sensitivity?

Small Lymphocytes (located in the neck)

_________ will improve the sharpness of a radiographic image.

Smaller film crystal size

What time and temperature errors will result in reticulation of the film emulsion?

Sudden temperature change between developer and water bath

The x-ray was discovered on November 8, 1895, by ______________.

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

The heart of the x-ray generating system is the ________.

X-ray Tube

Dental film holders, used to position and hold the dental x-ray film in the patient's mouth, include which of the following?

XCP and disposable block

The American Dental Association recommends that films be mounted _________.

according to the labial mounting method

Digital radiography uses ________ to create a digital image.

an intraoral sensor and computer

The dental assistant exposing periapical films using the paralleling technique should always start with the...

anterior teeth

The _________ technique may be used in some situations such as a small mouth, shallow palate, or the presence of tori.

bisecting

A periapical radiograph shows the tooth from the occlusal surface or incisal edge to the ________________.

bone about 2 to 3 mm beyond the apex

Damage caused by ionizing x-radiation to genetic cells _______________.

can affect future generations.

According to the test for x-ray film freshness, of the processed film appears ____________, the film is fresh and has been properly stored and handled.

clean with a slight blue tint

In order to minimize image distortion, the ________.

film must be positioned parallel to the long axis of the tooth

Because of the curvature of the arch, a total of _______ bite-wing films are taken on an adult patient.

four

When using size #1 film for the anterior film placements using the paralleling technique, _______ maxillary and ______ mandibular films are exposed.

four; three

The ________technique is recommended by the American Academy or Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and the American Association of Dental Schools, becuase it provides the most accurate image with the least amount of radiation exposure to the patient.

paralleling

According to the CDC guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings- 2003, digital radiography sensors _______.

should use FDA-cleared barriers

When using #2 film for anterior film placements using the paralleing technique, there are _______ anterior film placements,

six

Developer cut-off will result in a ______border.

straight white

According to the guidlines for film placement, ________.

the identification dot on the film is always placed in the slot of the film holder

The degree of density or blackness on a radiograph is controlled by __________.

the milliampere-seconds *

Anterior teeth that appear fat are caused by ____________.

the patient's teeth positioned too far back in the bite block

The safelight in the darkroom can be tested by ____________.

using the coin test

After removing each exposed film from the patient's mouth, _____________.

wipe saliva from the film packet using 2x2 gauze sponge or paper towel

Quality assurance is a way of ensuring that everything possible is being done to produce high-quality disgnostic radiographs and includes.

- Quality administration procedures - Quality control tests

The bite-wing radiograph is used for ________________.

-Detecting periodontal disease -Detecting interproximal decay

Incorrect vertical angulation can result in an image that is _______.

-Elongated -Foreshortened

Radiographs on an edentulous patient might be required for ________.

-Indentifying objects embedded in the bone -Detecting retained root tips, impaced teeth, and lesions

The Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act is a federal law that_________.

-Requires all persons who take dental radiographs to be properly trained -Requires all persons who take dental radiographs to be certified

The bite-wing film shows _________.

-The crowns and interproximal areas of the maxillary and mandibular teeth. -The crestal bone

Developer strength can be checked by __________.

-using a reference radiograph -using a stepwedge radiograph

An intraoral full-mouth survey (FMX) on an adult consists of ____________.

18 to 20 films

Angulation of the PID is critical to ensure that the central ray is perpendicular to the bisector line in which of the following techniques?

Bisecting

The range of shades of gray between black and white on a radiograph is called _______________.

Contrast