Rec and Leisure

The special attitude definition of leisure has led to opportunities for comparing leisure expression in different cultures.

False

According to the writings of Bregha, freedom in leisure requires

the possession of personal knowledge ; the financial means ; permission

Symbolic interactionism

Describes how people interact with each other via symbols *

According to the World Health Organization, health is the absence of disease or infirmity.

False

Being a part of a well-defined friendship group is developmentally important at only the young adult stage of life.

False

Determining people's lifestyle types has been rejected by marketing strategies as too weak a predictor of people's behavior.

False

During the Renaissance period leisure was banned in favor of a work ethic.

False

In contemporary societies, we no longer value the leisure quality of relaxation, but rather feel we must be active and productive in leisure.

False

Leisure contributes to positive emotional health, and not to the development of negative emotions.

False

Leisure is declining as a consideration when choosing where we will live.

False

Reversal theory explains leisure behavior similarly to Wilensky's compensation theory ideas.

False

Teddy Roosevelt was the "father of the American playground movement."

False

The concept of communitas means perceived freedom.

False

Self-as-entertainment theory

Focuses on personality as a basis for leisure choices ; Reflects the capacity of people to fill their free time with activities that are personally satisfying ; Describes people who are never bored

Demography

Includes such information as age, gender, ethnicity, race, and income ; Mixes together within the concept of lifestyle

The theory of anti-structure

Is based on the idea of rituals in people's lives ; Says that leisure is outside of the everyday norm ; Comes from the field of anthropology

The spillover explanation of leisure behavior

Maintains that if work is enjoyable, leisure will become an extension of it *

The compensation explanation of leisure behavior

None of the above

According to Wilensky, leisure interests and choices are either a continuation of, or a contrast to, work interests and choices.

True

According to leisure scholar Doug Kleiber, leisure is simply being appreciative, contemplative, and peaceful - a faithful openness to immediate reality.

True

Along with make-believe and daydreaming, humor, and laughter are types of daily leisure.

True

Csikszentmihalyi's autotelic concept means intrinsic motivation.

True

Even under extreme circumstances of brain dysfunction, leisure continues to be important in maintaining health.

True

Examples of demographic factors that explain leisure behavior include age and gender.

True

For the oldest adults, leisure is often the sole connection to the social world.

True

From the perspective of the leisure quality of solitude, leisure can be considered a form of narcissism.

True

Games represent a synthetic counterpart to real life.

True

In much of history leisure was differently experienced according to social class.

True

In spite of changes in the nature and types of family today, the family remains the most common leisure companion throughout the life span.

True

Intrinsic meaning is the reason for doing something is the satisfaction gained from doing it.

True

Jane Addams is known for the establishment of the Hull House Settlement in Chicago.

True

Leisure can perhaps be best understood through the ideas portrayed in a story, a song, and a painting.

True

Life's longevity is helped by an active and meaningful lifestyle in adulthood.

True

Ludi to ancient Romans meant public games.

True

Mannell's self-as-entertainment theory is based on individual personality differences in the ability to fill free time meaningfully.

True

Over the past two decades, children in North American have significantly decreased physical play and replaced it with increased amounts of passive play.

True

The ancient Greek idea of hedonism holds that pleasure is the highest goal of life.

True

The free time definition of leisure has led to opportunities for comparing leisure expression in different cultures.

True

Infants' play is characterized as

focused on mastering his/her own body ; individualistic

Impressionism in art

is a painting style presenting an immediate impression of an object or event ; includes such painters as Mary Cassatt and Claude Monet ; for artists in Paris in the late 1800s depicted everyday life - particularly pastimes

The idea of freedom "to"

is the most descriptive of the freedom quality in leisure ; suggests that leisure offers fulfilling possibilities

Autonomy

is typically developed in teens through social leisure experiences

When leisure is defined as recreational activity

it is how we use our free time in nonwork actions ; it can be counted and compared across different population groups

The harsh conditions for many workers during the Industrial Revolution

led to a concern for social reform; were in part the result of a more lock-step pace to work brought about by the demands of machines

In ancient Greece, the "leisure ideal" meant

leisure can ignoble us by way of making right choices; schole

According to Neulinger's ideas about leisure, "pure" leisure

none of the above *

The famous psychologist Piaget discovered

play was important to the intellectual development of children *

5. The type(s) of pleasure found in leisure are

sensory ; expressive ; intellectual

A long-term commitment to developing a recreation skill, a high standard of performance for a recreational pursuit, and self-definition through a recreation pursuit is a leisure concept called:

serious leisure *

The Middle Ages

set the stage for the birth of a "work ethic" *

The concept of "core plus balance" suggests

there is both a persistent core and a balancing variety in our pastimes across the life span *

According to a study of before-and-after retirement leisure behavior reported in Table 4.2, after retirement leisure

a. is often about engagement and connection b. is enhanced by technology

The deliberate use of risk is

an important benefit of leisure ; a natural human desire that cannot be eliminated

. The type of play required in a game may be

competition ; mimicry ; make-believe

Research has indicated that gender identity is formed in part during leisure via gender messages conveyed by

a. parents b. peers c. institutions d. mass media

Keeping mentally sharp can be aided by

a. playing board and card games b. joining book clubs c. learning new hobbies d. being physically active

Broadly defined, "well-being" is the dynamic process that ensures people

a. possess a sense of individual vitality b. are able to undertake activities that are meaningful, engaging, and which make them feel competent and autonomous c. have a stock of resources to help them be resilient to changes and circumstances not under their immediate control d. have lives that incorporate leisure in the development and maintenance of health across the life span

Leisure defined as a psychological condition means:

an opportunity for achieving fulfillment in life *

Mixes together within the concept of lifestyle

are multidisciplinary in nature ; still do not explain all leisure behavior ; continue to be tested and revised

To Aristotle, eudaimonia described happiness as

based on doing moral activities *

Leisure meanings in the humanities

can be found in art, music, and literature