Recreational water operations: Swimming pools
chlorine gas room
Cans of chlorine gas need to be in a separate in closed room room needs to be above ground. needs natural ventilation or a spark proof ventilation system. floor should be non slip doors should have a window for inside ventalation switch needs to be outside.
Water quality requirments
Clarity- must be free suspended matter chemical balence - alminum sulfate to get rid of suspended solids. when the chemical bonds to them it comes to the surface where a filter sucks them up
filtration
Commonly used filters are; sand, diatomaceous earth/ diatomite, cartridge filters.
NAVFACENGCOM
Design, construction drawing and specifications construction, major repairs, and the maintenance standards for pools and bathing places
Chlorine disinfection
Gas chlorination- you want hypochlorous acid to sanitize the water. You can add soda ash to the water to lower the ph level free available chlorine - good to have a certain level Cyanurates- used in outdoor pools to stabalize the chlorine so it doesnt rapidly dissapear because of the suns ultravioliot rays
control of algae
Growth of algae is promoted by; sunlight, increased tempertures, insufficient chlorine, excessive ammonia the best way to keep it undercontrol is to make sure your risidual count is in check
Routine
Inspected by installation medical athority. DA 7267-R, During periods of heavy use,
Health considerations
Intestinal diseases Respiratory diseases diseases of the ears eyes nose and throat (EENT) infections of the skin
Hardness
It is a measure of mineral content in the water
materials
Non toxic inert and impervious. needs to be able to withstand designed stress earth and sand not allowed pools should be painted or tiled with light colors concrete is allowed
Safety regulations
Proper pool design, maitenance, supervision, clear cut posted regulations
bath houses
Should have bathrooms and showers and changing rooms floors slope to the drain floors should be clean should also have ventalation no footbaths for army or navy
Disinfection
The types of disinfectants are; bromine, ozone - sometimes used, chlorine and chloring compounds- used alot, easy to measure, easy to handle, and cheap
Health hazzards
Transmission of water borne diseases
General
Use the HPC method to get the plate count for bacteria used to make sure the chemcals are doing their job
buffer
a chemical compound that resists changes in the acidity/ alkalinity of pool water by neutralizing acids and bases
sodium bisulfate
a chemical which produces a mild acid solution used in swimming pool water to lower the ph
cyanuric acid
a compound added to pool water to reduce the decompositions of chlorine residuals by the ultraviolet rays of sunlight
slurry feeder
a device designed to introduce or feed a slurry of chemicals into the pool without clogging
skimmer
a device other than a gutter that is an integral component of the recirculation system
hair strainer
a device placed ahead of the pump to prevent hair, lint and paper debris from clogging the pump mechanism
alum
a fine white powdered aluminum sulfate compound which when added to water produces a flocculate of settable particles which can be removed by filtration
anthracite
a hard finely ground coal used as a swimming pool filter medium
backwash
a procedure for cleaning swimming pool filters by reversing the flow of water through the filter which removes the traped solid matter from the filter medium
diatomaceous earth
a white powder composed of fossilized skeletons of one celled diatoms and used as a filter medium in some swimming pools
markings
all changes of depth need to be marked main drains need to be marked lanes need to be marked also
precipitate
an insoluble compound formed by the chemical action between two or more normally soluble compounds in solution
cross connection
any actual or potential connection between the public water supply and a source of contamination or pollution
annual
applies to all swimming facilites, 30 days before opening, inspected by the installation medical athoritiy.
wading pools
artifical pool with maximum depth of 24 inches intended for childrens use
turbidity
degree to which suspended particles of pool water obscure visibiility usually a clody or hazy apperance in pool watr is caused by finely divided particles suspeneded in water
soda ash
dry compund used to increase the ph and total alkalinity in pool water. it neutralizes hudrochloic acid produced from chlorination and results in an increase in ph
appurtenances
equipment components of the plumbing circulation system of a swimming pool
flow through pool
exchanges water by allowing source water to flow through the pool basin has no satisfactory method of treatment not normally authorized; construction and use needs specific written approval from BUMED and NAVFACENGCOM
Ladders and hand rails
ladders should be provided at the shallow end of the pool and on each side at the deep end of the pool treads need to be non slip
pool location
located to prevent storm and other surface drainage from entering pool well above ground level, trees need to be away from the pool, gates should be locked when pool is not in use. pools with out bathhouses should be provided with outside showers where swimmers will be required to shower before entering the pool area
size and depth
must be built to be able to withstand full and empty conditions the minium water depth needs to be 3 ft
decks and adjacent area
need to have deck drains will be smooth with a nonslip surface
practices of swimmers- violations
over exertion, swimming with phycial impairment, under medication that makes swimming difficult, over exposuer of sun wind and water. swimming during thunderstorms, swimming too soon after eating, rough play, and swimming beyond limits
Chemical standards
pH testing needs to be done when ever there is bacterioligical testing is done. water is stabalized with Cyanuric acid ( it lowes chlorine count)
Fill and draw pools
pool water is exchanged by emptiying and refilling has no satisfactory method of treatment and is authorized only with specific approval from NAVFACENGCOM
splash pads
same thing as wading pools just with less hazard
diving boards and area
should be strongly built and made of non slip surface the sides of the diving area need to be 12 ft distance inbetween the diving boards needs to be 10 to 12 ft
Mechanical hazzards
slippery surfaces, projecting objects, floading or underwater obstructions, inadequate depth for diving, sudden changes in depth, improper depth markings, insufficient lighting, turbid water.
Alkalinity
the amount of alkaline compounds present in the pool water for the purpose of functioning as a buffer
turn over
the number of times per day the water capacity of the pool is circulated through the filter.
The factors of disinfecting with chlorine
the ph needs to be inbetween a certain level - 7.2 and 8.0
muratic acid
this chemical is used to reduce excess alkalinity in the pool water
algea control
too much algea could cause bacteria growth. got to have enough free avaialble chlorine to keep the algea level down.
surge tank
used to collect overflow water from the pool which can be used to add "make up" water to the pool
waste disposal
waste water or liquid waste from the bathhouse or related facilities will be discharged to the base or municipal sewage system.
recirculated pool
water is continuously withdrawn, filtered, disinfected, and returned to the pool to provide safe water quality. have acceptable methods fro disinfection. only type of pool normally approved for new construction
electrical hazards
wiring lights and appliances are particularly dangerous near water
Bacteriological standards
...
Building standards
...
Inspections
...
Treatment characterictics
...
pool types and characteristics
...
Bather load
1 swimmer per 15 sqft of shallow 1 swimmer per 25 sqft of deep swimming area 1 swimmer per a diving area
New constructions
30 days before opening, inspected by installation medical athority. it will not open intell all deficinties are corrected