Recreational water operations: Swimming pools

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chlorine gas room

Cans of chlorine gas need to be in a separate in closed room room needs to be above ground. needs natural ventilation or a spark proof ventilation system. floor should be non slip doors should have a window for inside ventalation switch needs to be outside.

Water quality requirments

Clarity- must be free suspended matter chemical balence - alminum sulfate to get rid of suspended solids. when the chemical bonds to them it comes to the surface where a filter sucks them up

filtration

Commonly used filters are; sand, diatomaceous earth/ diatomite, cartridge filters.

NAVFACENGCOM

Design, construction drawing and specifications construction, major repairs, and the maintenance standards for pools and bathing places

Chlorine disinfection

Gas chlorination- you want hypochlorous acid to sanitize the water. You can add soda ash to the water to lower the ph level free available chlorine - good to have a certain level Cyanurates- used in outdoor pools to stabalize the chlorine so it doesnt rapidly dissapear because of the suns ultravioliot rays

control of algae

Growth of algae is promoted by; sunlight, increased tempertures, insufficient chlorine, excessive ammonia the best way to keep it undercontrol is to make sure your risidual count is in check

Routine

Inspected by installation medical athority. DA 7267-R, During periods of heavy use,

Health considerations

Intestinal diseases Respiratory diseases diseases of the ears eyes nose and throat (EENT) infections of the skin

Hardness

It is a measure of mineral content in the water

materials

Non toxic inert and impervious. needs to be able to withstand designed stress earth and sand not allowed pools should be painted or tiled with light colors concrete is allowed

Safety regulations

Proper pool design, maitenance, supervision, clear cut posted regulations

bath houses

Should have bathrooms and showers and changing rooms floors slope to the drain floors should be clean should also have ventalation no footbaths for army or navy

Disinfection

The types of disinfectants are; bromine, ozone - sometimes used, chlorine and chloring compounds- used alot, easy to measure, easy to handle, and cheap

Health hazzards

Transmission of water borne diseases

General

Use the HPC method to get the plate count for bacteria used to make sure the chemcals are doing their job

buffer

a chemical compound that resists changes in the acidity/ alkalinity of pool water by neutralizing acids and bases

sodium bisulfate

a chemical which produces a mild acid solution used in swimming pool water to lower the ph

cyanuric acid

a compound added to pool water to reduce the decompositions of chlorine residuals by the ultraviolet rays of sunlight

slurry feeder

a device designed to introduce or feed a slurry of chemicals into the pool without clogging

skimmer

a device other than a gutter that is an integral component of the recirculation system

hair strainer

a device placed ahead of the pump to prevent hair, lint and paper debris from clogging the pump mechanism

alum

a fine white powdered aluminum sulfate compound which when added to water produces a flocculate of settable particles which can be removed by filtration

anthracite

a hard finely ground coal used as a swimming pool filter medium

backwash

a procedure for cleaning swimming pool filters by reversing the flow of water through the filter which removes the traped solid matter from the filter medium

diatomaceous earth

a white powder composed of fossilized skeletons of one celled diatoms and used as a filter medium in some swimming pools

markings

all changes of depth need to be marked main drains need to be marked lanes need to be marked also

precipitate

an insoluble compound formed by the chemical action between two or more normally soluble compounds in solution

cross connection

any actual or potential connection between the public water supply and a source of contamination or pollution

annual

applies to all swimming facilites, 30 days before opening, inspected by the installation medical athoritiy.

wading pools

artifical pool with maximum depth of 24 inches intended for childrens use

turbidity

degree to which suspended particles of pool water obscure visibiility usually a clody or hazy apperance in pool watr is caused by finely divided particles suspeneded in water

soda ash

dry compund used to increase the ph and total alkalinity in pool water. it neutralizes hudrochloic acid produced from chlorination and results in an increase in ph

appurtenances

equipment components of the plumbing circulation system of a swimming pool

flow through pool

exchanges water by allowing source water to flow through the pool basin has no satisfactory method of treatment not normally authorized; construction and use needs specific written approval from BUMED and NAVFACENGCOM

Ladders and hand rails

ladders should be provided at the shallow end of the pool and on each side at the deep end of the pool treads need to be non slip

pool location

located to prevent storm and other surface drainage from entering pool well above ground level, trees need to be away from the pool, gates should be locked when pool is not in use. pools with out bathhouses should be provided with outside showers where swimmers will be required to shower before entering the pool area

size and depth

must be built to be able to withstand full and empty conditions the minium water depth needs to be 3 ft

decks and adjacent area

need to have deck drains will be smooth with a nonslip surface

practices of swimmers- violations

over exertion, swimming with phycial impairment, under medication that makes swimming difficult, over exposuer of sun wind and water. swimming during thunderstorms, swimming too soon after eating, rough play, and swimming beyond limits

Chemical standards

pH testing needs to be done when ever there is bacterioligical testing is done. water is stabalized with Cyanuric acid ( it lowes chlorine count)

Fill and draw pools

pool water is exchanged by emptiying and refilling has no satisfactory method of treatment and is authorized only with specific approval from NAVFACENGCOM

splash pads

same thing as wading pools just with less hazard

diving boards and area

should be strongly built and made of non slip surface the sides of the diving area need to be 12 ft distance inbetween the diving boards needs to be 10 to 12 ft

Mechanical hazzards

slippery surfaces, projecting objects, floading or underwater obstructions, inadequate depth for diving, sudden changes in depth, improper depth markings, insufficient lighting, turbid water.

Alkalinity

the amount of alkaline compounds present in the pool water for the purpose of functioning as a buffer

turn over

the number of times per day the water capacity of the pool is circulated through the filter.

The factors of disinfecting with chlorine

the ph needs to be inbetween a certain level - 7.2 and 8.0

muratic acid

this chemical is used to reduce excess alkalinity in the pool water

algea control

too much algea could cause bacteria growth. got to have enough free avaialble chlorine to keep the algea level down.

surge tank

used to collect overflow water from the pool which can be used to add "make up" water to the pool

waste disposal

waste water or liquid waste from the bathhouse or related facilities will be discharged to the base or municipal sewage system.

recirculated pool

water is continuously withdrawn, filtered, disinfected, and returned to the pool to provide safe water quality. have acceptable methods fro disinfection. only type of pool normally approved for new construction

electrical hazards

wiring lights and appliances are particularly dangerous near water

Bacteriological standards

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Building standards

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Inspections

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Treatment characterictics

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pool types and characteristics

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Bather load

1 swimmer per 15 sqft of shallow 1 swimmer per 25 sqft of deep swimming area 1 swimmer per a diving area

New constructions

30 days before opening, inspected by installation medical athority. it will not open intell all deficinties are corrected


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