Community Final
Anthrax and smallpox used as terrorists weapons H1N1 virus transmitted through droplets, Zika transmitted by mosquitoes, Lyme disease transmitted by ticks
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Culture refers to the beliefs, values and behaviors that are shared by members of a society and provide a template or road map for women. Culture tells people what is acceptable or unacceptable in a given situation and culture dictates what to, do, say or believe. Culture is learned and can change within a lifespan
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Home well water is from the ground water source. Wells can become contaminated and private owners should test them. EPA does not regulate well water
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In a group, rejecting suggestion/ ideas before it is discussed can result in others not wanting to participate or cooperate to reach the goals of the group. It is a problem in group functioning
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In the U.S. we are favorable compared to other countries include: CANCER and STROKE mortality, control of BLOOD PRESSURE and cholesterol levels and SUICIDE and ELDERLY SURVIVAL BUT BURN INJURIES AND TUBERCULOSIS we are NOT FAVORABLE
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Mesothelioma causes lung disease people who work with it can get lung disease Lead poisoning is associated with neuro system function Pesticides contribute neurological problems Solvents/ painters risk for reproductive issues
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Most children have acquired AIDS though their HIV positive mothers. MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IS A KEY FOCUS AREA EARLY ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT is important for mothers in order for them not to pass HIV to their baby
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Primary prevention when it comes to homelessness: refer someone with mental Illness for therapy to prevent incidence before it occurs Secondary prevention- reduce impact of disease that has already occurred such as assisting homeless clients to shelters Tertiary prevention- soften impact of illness
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Secondary prevention- providing Pap smear testing Primary- encouraging the use of condoms, administering HPV vaccine Tertiary- providing emotional support after surgical treatment
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A community health nurse is applying to behavior model for honorable populations when evaluating a local community. Which of the following with the nurse include as an enabling factor? A. Insurance B. Acculuration C. Knowledge of disease D. Marital status
A
A community health nurse is engaged in the process aspect of quality management when the nurse taking which action? A. Contribute to the revision of standards B. Ensure an adequate amount of resources C. Determine additional sources of funding D. Reviewing services provided for client needs
A
A community health nurse is meeting with a group of individuals who have been diagnosed with a serious mental illness. The nurse interprets this to mean which of the following? A. The clients have impaired level of functioning and quality of life. B. The clients' disorder is chronic and persistent. C. The clients have issues of impaired control and dependency. D. The clients have a significant behavior syndrome with present distress.
A
A community health nurse is working to support programs to encourage preschool immunizations. The nurse is integrating which ethical principle in his or her practice? A. Beneficence B. Autonomy C. Nonmaleficence D. Justice
A
A community health nurse is working with urban populations. Which behavior demonstrates that the nurse integrating the concept of social justice into practice? A. Impartiality B. Paternalism C. Self-interest D. Inflexibility
A
After teaching a group of students about the various types of epidemiologic research studies that can be done, the instructor determines that the teaching was effective when the students describe a community trial as which of the following? A. a type of experimental study conducted at the community level. B. An inexpensive type of analytic research study. C. A study that gathers volunteers for the experimental group. D. A way to location health problems in a variety of
A
As part of a community-wide program addressing the needs of seniors in the county, the nurse engages the seniors as well as their families in the program. The nurse is demonstrating which principle for effecting positive change? A. Participation B. Proper timing C. Resistance to change D. Interdependence
A
Community health nurse is providing care to several cultural groups in the community. When providing transcultural Nursing, which of the following would be a priority? A. examining one's own culture carefully and recognizing that alternative your points are possible. B. Recognizing that cultural values, beliefs, and practices influence peoples health and lifestyle. C. Obtaining health related information about a cultural group concerning their values beliefs and practices. D. Actively and attentively listening to demonstrate respect while learning about other cultures.
A
Contracting would be effective to use with client groups based on the understanding that this method is beneficial for which of the following? A. Encouraging client participation in the decision making process B. Contributing to a trusting nurse client relationship C. Decreasing client stress during home visits D. Reducing client visit time by over 50%
A
When applying the Universal Imperative of Care, which of the following would be priority? A. Mortality B. Daily functioning C. Decision making D. Cost
A
When describing managed competition as a potential solution to resolve the health care crisis, which of the following would be included? Managed competition would A. promote coast containment and universal access to health care B. eliminate burdesome gov't regulations C. Reduce state and federal control over health care delivery D. discourage consumers from making responsible
A
When reviewing the trends in communicable diseases for a county, the community health nursing notes that there was an increased incidence of limes disease. The nurse develops a plan for prevention and control integrating the understanding that that this disease is most likely transmitted by which mode? A. Vector B. Airborne C. vehicle-borne D. direct
A
When the nurse and client enter a contract in community health nursing and the nurse and client share participation and agreement between them, which characteristic of contracting is being enacted? A. Partnership and mutuality B. Commitment C. Format D. Negotiation
A
When visiting a local senior center, a community health nurse engages several of the older adults in the discussion about immunizations. Which statement best reflects the importance of older adult immunizations? A. "We are at greater risk of dying from the flu or pneumonia." B. "You don't get the flu from the flu shot" C. "the doctor told us that we should get it" D. "many of us get the shot here at the center for free"
A
Which description of culture being tacit indicates that the teaching a successful? A. culture is mostly unexpressed B. cultures do not remain static C. culture is a functional and integrated whole D. patterns of cultural behaviors are acquired
A
Which of the following would the community health nurse identify as an act of sexual exploitation of a child? A. Child pornography B. Child molestation C. Fondling of child's genitals D. Vaginal penetration with an object
A
Which one of the following groups of actions fulfills the three core public functions in their proper order? A. counting the number of kindergarten students who are fully immunized, encouraging the school officials to exclude children who are not fully immunized, and offering immunization clinics at the school. B. identifying a source of pollution in the community, educating local residence about precautions that should be taken when the pollution exceeded minimum standard, and asking legislators to apply sanctions to the responsible party of the source for pollution C. Providing prenatal care for pregnant adolescence, determining how many pregnant adolescence currently attend the school, and encouraging school officials to provide an alternative school setting for the pregnant adolescents. D. lobbying for a citywide ban on smoking in public, providing smoking cessation services in the community, and reviewing mortality Data to determine the number of people in the community who die each year from lung cancer
A
Which one of the following statements about assessment (one of the core public health functions) and how it can be applied to environmental health is most accurate? A. Assessment includes the investigation of health hazards, surveillance of health issues, examining causes, and assessing needs. B. Assessment is least valuable when related to where the person attends school. C. It is not necessary for nurses to have a background in the environmental health sciences. D. Assessment should be limited to the general population and should not include the increased vulnerability of certain groups.
A
Which of the following statements about competent communities are accurate? Select all that apply. A. A competent community is able to collaborate effectively identifying community needs and problems. B. A competent community is able to achieve a working consensus on goals and priorities. C. A competent community is able to agree on ways and means to implement the agreed-upon goals. D. A competent community has no problems. E. A competent community is able to collaborate effectively to take the required actions.
A, B, C, E
Which of the following are key issues related to health literacy? SATA A. Health literacy is characterized as critical to health promotion and disease prevention B. Limited health literacy only affects those who have low educational levels C. Poor health literacy skills can contribute to increased healthcare costs D. Health literacy involves the ability to read understand an act on health information E. Health literacy goes beyond the basic definition of literacy
A, C, D, E
A community health nurse determines that it is time for teaching a family about health promotion activities when they say which of the following? A. "Is there a place we can go for the medicine?" B. "It's time we do something about eating right." C. "When are you coming back to visit?" D. "Our grandchildren visit every summer."
B
A community health nurse is dealing with a in family crisis. The nurse remains clam and firmly reassuring when communicating with them. This nurse is avoiding which barrier to communication? A. Filtering information B. Emotional influence C. Language barrier D. Selective perception
B
A community health nurse is working with the local health departments to educate the citizens about the effects of radon exposure and its link to possible illness. Which of the following would the nurse identify as being a major health concern associated with radon? A. Skin cancer B. Lung cancer C. Diarrhea D. Cardiovascular disease
B
A community health nurse working with a group of families who come to local community healthcare centers tells them that she is going to be setting up childcare so that the families can participate in the various classes being offered by the center. Three months have passed, and the nurse still has not instituted the child care program. The nurse has violated which ethical principle? A. veracity B. fidelity C. justice D. respect
B
A community health nurse working with a group of vulnerable clients is focusing on empowering them. Which of the following would be most effective? A. Keeping the clients to a firm schedule of visits B. Viewing the clients as active partners in the process C. Having the clients cut through bureaucratic red tape D. Focusing on the clients' limitations
B
A public health nurse who uses the upstream approach would likely focus on which one of the following contributors to unhealthy diets in the community? A. Consumer preference for sweet, greasy, and salty foods B. Marketing strategies of fast food businesses C. Busy lifestyles within the community D. Individual acceptance of obesity
B
After class describing the contributions of Florence Nightingale to epidemiology the instructor determines that the class needs additional instructions when they state which of the following is associated with a nightingale? A. establishment of the needs for clean environment B. sophisticated coding system for medical conditions C. Proper one cleansing and bandaging techniques D. separation of infected individuals from those injured
B
After teaching a class about family and domestic violence directed towards children as a community health problem, which of the following is stated by the class indicates to the instructor that the teaching was effective? A. Family violence is new and occurs as a result of our fast-paced technological society. B. Family violence has occurred in most countries for centuries as children have been thought of as the property of their parents. C. Family violence occurs mostly in the urbanized area of the United States mostly in the urbanized areas where exposure to crime is most prevalent. D. Family violence is decreasing in industrialized countries in the world as a result of more public awareness.
B
For which reason are homeless youth at higher risk for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections? A. They are not likely to receive treatment for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections. B. They lack education or job training skills and may resort to prostitution or survival sex, which increases their risk for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted infections. C. Homeless adolescents may have difficulty accessing emergency shelter because of shelter policies that prohibit older youth from the facility. D. It is not uncommon for homeless youth to be arrested for running away, breaking curfews, or being without supervision.
B
Of all the nursing roles assumed by community health nurses, which role must be assumed in every situation? A. Researcher B. Manager C. Leader D. Clinician
B
To ensure learning in the psycho motor domain, which of the following would be most important for the nurse unsure about the learner? A. has a sensory image of how to do the skill B. has the ability to perform the necessary skill C. is willing to listen to the information about the skill D. can continue to practice the skill independently
B
When applying the principles of transcultural nursing, which of the following must a nurse do first? A. cultivate cultural sensitivity. B. Develop cultural awareness. C. Learn the clients group culture. D. Demonstrate respect for culture.
B
When assessing a group of migrant farmworkers, the community health nurse notes that the group leaves their home base for part of the year to travel to the same place along a route during the agricultural season, usually returning on yearly basis. The community health nurse identifies this as which of the following? A. Restricted circuit migration B. Point-to-point migration C. Nomadic migration D. Migrant stream migration
B
When describing primary prevention activities that would occur in the preparedness phase of a terrorist attack involving biological weapons like smallpox or anthrax to a local community group, which of the following with the nurse include? A. investigating outbreaks to determine source. B. Administering vaccines. C. Screening suspected cases. D. Treating persons who have been infected.
B
When the community health nurse encourages the group members of a collaborative partnership of interdisciplinary teams to effectively share ideas and frustrations on an equal, reciprocal basis, the community health nurse is focusing on which of the five characteristics of collaboration in community health? A. Maximized use of resources B. Clear responsibilities C. Shared goals D. Mutual participation
B
Which of the following statements about an upstream focus is the most accurate? A. the upstream approach does not focus on socioeconomic factors in the environmental origins of disease and health problems. B. the focus of an upstream approach is the institution and system level. C. The upstream approach pertains to the purity of water supplies. D. The focus of an upstream approach is healthy lifestyle issues
B
Which of the following statements best describe the difference between public health nursing in community health nursing? a. Public health nursing is focus on the private aspect of health and community health nursing is focused on the public aspect of health b. In our textbook the term community health practice refers to focus on specific designated communities in as part of the large public health effort. c. Public health nurse in community health and nursing relate to the very same type of services and perspectives d. Both public health nurse in community health nursing and practice exclusively with institutions
B
Which of the following statements is most accurate one differentiating hospice from Palliative care? A. both palliative care and hospice focus on cure; however, hospice focuses on terminal illnesses, and palliative care focuses on disease that are more chronic in nature. B. palliative care consist of comfort and symptom management and is often a part of hospice care C. Hospice is more of a specific place than a concept of care, whereas palliative care is more of a concept of care D. hospice is intended for people who have a projected life expectancy of six months or more in palliative care is intended for people who are actively dying
B
Which of the following would be the most likely source of funding for services provided in a comprehensive primary care center? A. Government grants B. Medical insurance plans C. Another nurse-managed care center D. Private contracts
B
Which one of the following Medicare policies prevent people who could benefit from hospice services from receiving those services, even when it would be most cost-effective for the client to receive hospice rather than inpatient interventions? A. Controlled cost at the expense of assuring quality of life and comfort B. That a person must discontinue treatment in order to receive hospice service. C. Education and support for clients and family caregivers D. Refusing to pay for homemaking and personal care that might keep a person at home as long as possible
B
Which one of the following statements regarding mental illness and homelessness is most accurate? A. 75% of the sheltered homeless report a severe mental illness. B. Deinstitutionalization or being released from institutions into the community contributes to the number of persons who have a severe mental illness who are homeless. C. Mental illness only contributes to homelessness because poor mental health adversely affects an individual's ability to make sound judgments, solve problems, and make wise decisions. D. Mental illness and substance abuse are not often comorbid conditions that contribute to homelessness.
B
Which time after the disaster would be the ideal time for this to occur? A. Within 18 hours B. 1 to 3 days C. 4 to 6 days D. 7 to 10 dats
B
A school nurse is reviewing the population of school age children for chronic conditions. Which of the following would the school nurse expect to find most often? Select all that apply A. Rheumatoid arthritis B. Asthma C. Diabetes D. HIV/AIDS E. Tuberculosis F. Seizures
B, C, F
A community health nurse has collected data for several months on the birth weights of newborn mothers who smoke throughout the pregnancy. This nurse is acting in which role? A. Collaborator B. Manager C. Researcher D. Clinician
C
A community health nurse is contracting with a client receiving services in the home. The nurse and client are negotiating the activities for which each will be responsible. This activity would correlate to which phase of the nursing process? A. Assessment B. Nursing Diagnosis C. Planning D. Evaluation
C
A community health nurse is preparing a presentation about drug use and abuse for a group of adults. Which of the following with the nurse include as the one of the fastest growing forms of drug abuse? A. cocaine B. alcohol C. prescription drugs D. heroin
C
A group of nursing students are studying for a test on Child health statistics. The students demonstrate that they are prepared for the test when they identify which of the following as a major cause of death in the 1 to 4-year-old population? A. pneumonia B. poverty C. unintentional injuries and homicide D. heart disease
C
After teaching a class about commonly used illicit substances, instructor determines that teaching a successful when the class identifies which of the following is the most frequently reported illicit drug? A. Heroin B. Methamphetamines C. Marijuana D. Cocaine
C
After teaching a group of older adult women about preventing osteoporosis, which of the following if stated by the group indicates the need for additional teaching? A. "We should eat foods that are high in calcium and vitamin D." B. "We need to get bone density screenings regularly." C. "We should avoid activities that involve weight bearing." D. "We need to make sure that maintain a healthy weight."
C
After teaching a group of students about hospice and its view of end-of-life care, which statement by the students indicates a need for additional teaching A. Care should attend to the body, mind, and spirit. B. Death is not considered a taboo topic. C. Medical technology should be used widely. D. Clients have a right to truthful discussion.
C
After teaching a group of students about leading health risks, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as the #1 leading health risk? A. Unsafe sex B. High blood pressure C. Underweight D. Tobacco consumption
C
The community health nurse is identifying factors that would influence behavior change. Which of the following would the nurse identify as enabling factors? A. Attitudes of the target population B. Knowledge of the family of the target population C. Availability of resources D. Values of the authority figures
C
The community health nurse is presenting sexuality education to a group of six grade students. The community health nurse tells the students that they must never have unprotected sexual intercourse or they will die from an STD and displays pictures of people dying from AIDS. The nurse is using which change strategy? A. normative re-educative B. rational empiric C. power coercive D. planned change
C
The core public health function of policy development related to environmental health includes which one of the following? A. Policy development is best left to legislators. B. To be an effective advocate for change, it is only necessary that the nurse speak out. C. There are many ways for public health nurses to participate in policy development related to environmental health. D. Public health nurses are public servants and therefore cannot advocate for public policy.
C
The instructor determines that the class needs additional instruction when they identify which of the following as an ethical principal? A. respect B. autonomy C. morality D. justice
C
The nurse educator knows that the nursing student understands the contributions that Lillian Wald made to home care when the nursing student makes which one of the following statements? A. "Lillian Wald made the earliest known effort to care for the sick poor at home." B. "Lillian Wald trained nurses so that wealthy women would hire them as visiting nurses." C. "Lillian Wald began home visiting in New York City and is famed for professionalizing visiting nurses." D. "Lillian Wald approached congress with the idea of Medicare Home Health Benefit."
C
When assessing a population for health disparities which of the following would the nurse least likely evaluate? A. race B. education C. age D. sexual orientation
C
When developing community health programs target to adult men, which of the following would the nurse need to integrate into the plan? A. Improved quality of education programs available for men. B. Increased access of health services by men as compared to women. C. Limited male gender specific research. D. Increased awareness of men's health issues.
C
Which of the following statements about evidence based practice has been identified by multiple reports over the past decade, such as To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (2000), Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st century (2001), and Priority Areas for National Action: Transforming Health Care Quality (2003)? A. we must continue to cling to "the way we've always done it" B. we have spent billions of dollars each year researching new treatments and have translated that knowledge into clinical practice. C. We are not translating the knowledge that we are gaining into clinical practice. D. We have continued to spend more than $1 trillion a year providing care and do translate that capacity into improved clinical practice
C
Which one of the following statement about health literacy and health outcomes is most accurate for clients who have low literacy? A. It is important to make the message as basic and simple as possible because the client likely has low intelligence. B. It is best to use written materials for clients who have low literacy. C. It is very important for clients who have low literacy to have ample opportunity to provide feedback. D. Health literacy is not a very important factor in mortality and morbidity.
C
A community health nurse implement a plan of care that combines aromatherapy and acupuncture for the medication therapy and surgery. The nurse is applying which of the following? A. holistic healthcare B. Folk medicine care C. Herbalistic healthcare D. Integrated healthcare.
D
A community health nurse works to ensure the greatest good for the greatest number of people by applying which of the following? A. secondary prevention activities B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Utilitarianism.
D
After teaching a group of students about the concept of social justice, which of the following if stated by the group as a component indicates effective teaching? A. Decreased burden borne by all B. Increased benefits obtained for all C. Narrow isolated view of health D. Diversity viewed as a strength
D
Several community health agencies are collaborating on health promotion strategies. The community health nurse observes that the team is working on assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The nurse correctly conclude that A. The team is made up solely of nurses B. The team is in the beginning phase C. The team is determining the goals they will work toward D. The team is working together to accomplish desired goals
D
When assessing a vulnerable population's relative risk, which of the following would the community health nurse identify most likely as contributing to this risk? A. Well-balanced diet B. Up-to-date immunizations C. Enabling factors D. Exposure to abuse
D
When participating in quality improvement activities, in which would the community health nurse would be least likely to engage? A. Daily prioritizing of care needs for a caseload of clients B. Completing necessary documentation efficiently C. Seeking supervision for a difficult client case D. Reviewing organizational personnel
D
Which of the following statements about filtering messages is most accurate? A. Filtering is always intentional B. Filtering is never intentional C. Only clients use filtering D. Filtering leads to miscommunication and misinterpretation
D
Which one of the following statements is true about the consequence of biologic terrorism with anthrax and smallpox? A. Anthrax is not usually spread by person to person contact and so is not a good agent of biological terrorism. B. Smallpox is globally eradicated and therefore does not present a problem. C. Most adults are immune to smallpox due to routine immunization. D. As many as one in five persons who become ill with cutaneous anthrax die and inhalation anthrax can cause death in 3 to 5 days.
D
Reflects the communities ability to function effectively
Donabedian Theory
Upstream approach
Food pantries
Information such as the properties of each chemical; the physical, health, and environmental health hazards; protective measures; and safety precautions for handling, storing, and transporting the chemical.
MSDS
Right to know legislation and use of safety data sheets provide with insurance and teaches employees about the chemicals that they may be exposed to
Nurses working in an institution
NP Movement made in 1965 emphasized what?
Primary healthcare to rural underserved populations
Increased risk of fetal death due to macrosomia/ large for gestational age, birth INJURY such as broken shoulder, breathing problems and high blood sugars at birth
Results of gestational diabetes
Created the 1st national vital statistics system. Compiling vital statistics data on an annual basis which included an analysis on the causes of death and assessments of mortality rates by occupation
William Farr
Predisposing factor for behavioral model for vulnerable populations ..
marital status
