Relias Quiz Questions ~ BCBA Test Prep
What can supervisors do in an effort to minimize supervisee stress? Provide as many rules as you can think of and hold supervisees accountable. Allow supervisees to navigate issues on their own with minimal guidance. Be supportive as you guide them through tough ethical issues. Make sure they get frequent pay raises.
Be supportive as you guide them through tough ethical issues.
In trial-based functional analysis, control conditions are usually provided:
Before the test conditions
Data collected during naturalistic teaching should always include information about:
Target behaviors, prompt levels needed, and activities
Which of the following statements best describes the difficulty of defining culture? The definition depends on your area of study, the region of the world you are in, and your personal perspective. The definition is fairly static. However, because many people do not agree with it, it is not accepted. The definition of culture shifts with time, so attempts to define it are not worth the effort. There is a widely agreed-upon definition of culture by many individuals but policymakers do not agree.
The definition depends on your area of study, the region of the world you are in, and your personal perspective.
The "a" in BCaBA stands for?
assistant
Which of the following is a source of assistance for complex ethical issues in addition to the ethics code? Contacting practitioners in related professions . Discussing the situation among supervisees Contacting the ABA Ethics Hotline Reading the vast body of research literature on ABA and ethics
Contacting the ABA Ethics Hotline
Which of the following is likely to happen if staff feel overworked and overwhelmed? Implementation can slip Implementation is ensured Implementation will not occur Implementation is likely
Implementation can slip
Which education legislation requires that functional assessment be conducted for students whose behavior interferes with learning? Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
In studies that support the efficacy of risperidone and aripiprazole, decreased levels of irritability were measured by: Informant measures of behavior. Functional analyses of behavior. Brief functional analyses. Interview informed functional analyses.
Informant measures of behavior.
The Interview Informed Synthesized Contingency Analysis (IISCA) uses:
Information from open-ended interviews to determine which experimental conditions to use in a functional analysis
Medications approved by the FDA for individuals with autism are designed to target: Irritability Spinning objects Concrete thinking Restrictive interests
Irritability
While stimulants have been effective in improving attention, impulse control, and hyperactivity in children with autism, there have been reports of: Dangerously low blood pressure. Involuntary motor movements. Irritability and sleep disturbance. Gynecomastia and increased prolactin.
Irritability and sleep disturbance.
One of the biggest drawbacks of the workshop format is:
It is often difficult to coordinate schedules for the time needed
Lack of access to ABA services and the appropriate amount of services has led to: Less medication being prescribed. More referrals to inpatient programs. More medication being prescribed More services demanded by teachers.
More medication being prescribed
Many staff engage in expected behaviors to avoid punishing circumstances. This is an example of: Negative punishment Positive punishment Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
According to Leaf et al. (2018), rates of learning on labeling tasks after receiving reinforcement from paired-stimulus preference assessment vs. an in-the-moment analysis of reinforcers were:
No different between the two methods for assessing preferences
Supportive supervision has been shown to: Increase stress levels in supervisees Have no effect on supervisees Prevent stress in supervisees Reduce stress for supervisees
Reduce stress for supervisees
To ensure ethical standards when designing and implementing ABA interventions are met, which of the following should behavior analysts do? Incorporate input from all interested parties on school-based intervention teams into intervention plans Incorporate the wishes of family members although they might suggest using unproven interventions Rely on gut instinct and the opinions of those who know the individual when designing intervention plans Rely on the science of human behavior when designing and implementing ABA intervention plans
Rely on the science of human behavior when designing and implementing ABA intervention plans
Which of the following issues did the Blue Ribbon Panel find when investigating at Sunland Miami? Residents were treated with dignity and respect under most circumstances. Residents were subjected to lengthy educational sessions and taught to be self-sufficient. Staff were frustrated with the lack of training they received before starting to work with residents. Residents were subjected to harsh and disturbing behavior modification programs
Residents were subjected to harsh and disturbing behavior modification programs
Finding a way to honor family wishes and requests while continuing to provide evidence-based interventions is an example of which of the 5Rs of cultural humility? Resiliency Respect Recognition Rehearsal
Respect
Which of the following is true regarding supervisors and diversity? Because supervisors must adhere to BACB ethical guidelines, they do not need training on diversity. Because most supervisors have received extensive training on diversity, they do not need more. Supervisors need training on how one's own culture impacts their feelings about service delivery. Supervisors need training on how one's own culture impacts decision-making and service delivery.
Supervisors need training on how one's own culture impacts decision-making and service delivery.
What must be constructed in order to turn on functional performance and turn off dysfunctional performance? Systems of rewards and punishers Systems, policies, and procedures Motivational structures and bonuses Management and supervision procedures
Systems, policies, and procedures
Which of the following is a consequence intervention involving punishment?
Taking away a token
Which of the following should be recorded on a naturalistic intervention data collection sheet?
Target behavior, prompt level, activity, materials, and number of times the target behavior was addressed
Which of the following could be a replacement behavior for cutting in line?
Teaching to stand in line and wait
Which of the following conditions must be present when making an allegation of ethical misconduct to the BACB? The violation occurred at any time prior to the allegation being made. The allegation can be against anyone who claims to be implementing ABA-based interventions. The allegation is made against a person holding a BACB credential or a credential candidate. The allegation involves only accusations of compromise of the health and safety of clients.
The allegation is made against a person holding a BACB credential or a credential candidate.
Which of the following has made it necessary for schools to seriously consider providing ABA services for children with autism in schools? Parents resist pull-out services in the early grades for their children with autism The effectiveness of ABA interventions in-home- and community-based programs ABA services delivered in homes and community settings has proven to be largely ineffective The courts have mandated that ABA services be provided for every student who has an autism diagnosis
The effectiveness of ABA interventions in-home- and community-based programs
What must be understood in order to improve human performance? The complete learning histories of all individuals Only the reinforcers that drive an individualÂ's behavior What punishers are available for dysfunctional behavior The environmental variables that impact the behavior of individuals
The environmental variables that impact the behavior of individuals
Which of the following terms best describes the guidance from the ABA literature and professional organizations on addressing challenging staff behavior? Abundant Sparse Prescriptive Incorrect
Sparse
Which of the following issues might require intervention at the tertiary level? Staff being the target of several instances of loud complaints from unhappy family members Staff staying late one time to discuss how a therapy session went Staff expressing high levels of pride in their work when discussing a client's progress with colleagues A staff member calling in sick for the first time
Staff being the target of several instances of loud complaints from unhappy family members
When implementing behavior interventions in schools, supervisors should advise supervisees to: Stick to the plan as written Alter the plan as they see fit Alter the plan at the request of teachers Offer alternatives to the plan
Stick to the plan as written
Which of the following 2 assessments are often used in conjunction to provide an overall picture of an individual's receptive and expressive labeling abilities?
The expressive vocabulary test and the peabody picture vocabulary test
What is the main purpose behind interviews during an IISCA:
To gain information about the behavior, precursors, and what happens afterward
What is the overall intent for delivering a discriminative stimulus?
To get an individual to engage in a particular behavior
Which is the best reason to define expected staff behavior? To prevent challenging staff behavior So staff will understand there are negative consequences So client families will know that the organization is healthy To prevent backlash from staff later when they are reprimanded
To prevent challenging staff behavior
Which of the following is a reason why human rights review panels were established in governmental and higher education facilities? To employ regulatory staff in governmental agencies to meet quotas To ensure regulations were followed to protect vulnerable populations and investigators To prevent exploitation or harm during the course of investigations or interventions To prevent the public from knowing what occurs during interventions and investigations
To prevent exploitation or harm during the course of investigations or interventions
Which of the following BEST categorizes the work of behavior analyst supervisors in schools? To provide support for behavior plan creation, implementation, and direct services To provide support for implementing direct intervention and completing paperwork To provide support for convincing staff that ABA interventions are worthwhile To provide support for navigating interactions with teachers and other staff
To provide support for behavior plan creation, implementation, and direct services
which of the following should be done prior to the start of supervision to ensure continuity of telehealth supervision in the event of internet connection issues?
make sure both supervisor and supervisee have a phone to call each other in case the connection drops
What should a supervisor do if they find telehealth supervision is ineffective?
make alternative supervision arrangements
in addition to supervisee type, which of the following is a priority when providing telehealth supervision?
needs of clients
Which example has the best combination of consequence variables?
opening Facebook when you want to see whats going on with your friends.
Active listening involves:
paraphrasing and reflecting back what the other person said
Which of the following is the biggest benefit of mentoring new professions into the field?
provides mentees an opportunity to discuss unique situations with an experienced and caring mentor
BCaBAs require a supervision contract?
2 times per month
What is the estimated percentage of self-injurious behaviors that have automatic reinforcement as the function according to Hagopian et al. (2015)?
25%
What percentage of hours of supervision time should BCaBA and BCBA trainees receive during independent fieldwork?
5%
How many years should supervision records be kept for BCBA trainees, BCaBA trainees, and BCaBAs?
7
Which of the following is an example of cultural humility? A BCBA incorporating a family's religious traditions in their child's discrete trial program A BCBA designing a verbal behavior program for a child from a non-English speaking family in English only An RBT who refuses to incorporate specific toileting practices related to a child's religion during training An RBT who ignores a family's wish for them to not wear shoes inside their h
A BCBA incorporating a family's religious traditions in their child's discrete trial program
A trend that ascends from left to right means:
A behavior is increasing
Which of the following situations illustrates a risk of establishing a multiple relationship as defined by the BACB? A client's mother throwing a surprise birthday party for an RBT who works with her son Discussing the preliminary effects of a new behavior intervention with a parent Providing a parent with data collection sheets to use during the bedtime routine for the child. A staff member taking a check from a parent for an insurance co-payment back to the office
A client's mother throwing a surprise birthday party for an RBT who works with her son
Which of the following is an example of an organizational process level goal? A policy for addressing tardiness before client sessions A work from home policy for non-billable activities and data analysis A policy prohibiting harassment at clinics and homes A communication tree for staff to follow for inclement weather
A communication tree for staff to follow for inclement weather
Which of the following supervision activities would be most beneficial for an RBT?
providing feedback on the delivery of a discrete trial
Which of the following is the best way for supervisors to ensure they are staying informed about advances in the field of ABA?
read current research and seek out continuing education
Which of the following is the most effective way of presenting performance feedback over time to a supervisee?
show them a graph of their progress on specific activities and goals
Which of the following statements is true?
supervisors are ultimately responsible for the work of their supervisees
Which of the following is the best definition of behavior analytic supervision?
systematic shaping of the multiple skills required of those practicing ABA
Which of the following statements is true regarding the nature of supervision via telehealth?
telehealth supervision must meet the same requirements as in-person supervision
Which of the following provides a scope and sequence for ABA supervision?
the RBT, BCBA/BCaBA Task Lists and ethical codes
what is a drawback to using a smartphone or tablet for telehealth supervision?
the screen size may not allow for adequate visualization of the environment
What's another way to say operationally defining behavior?
Pinpointing
Behavioral systems analysis is: A way of ensuring that privacy laws are adhered to in all written and spoken communications. Deciding whether or not to terminate an employee for a repeated pattern of behavior. A framework for structuring discussion and change efforts at the organization, process, and job performer levels. A way of supervising staff so they do not have the opportunity to engage in challenging behavior.
A framework for structuring discussion and change efforts at the organization, process, and job performer levels.
Water might have a value-altering effect when:
A person is very thirsty
Which of the following is true regarding the number of behavior analysts currently working in schools? Over half of behavior analysts in practice are working in schools Most behavior analysts are working in schools No behavior analysts are currently working in schools A small percentage of behavior analysts are hired by school districts
A small percentage of behavior analysts are hired by school districts
Approximately, how many individuals with autism take medication aimed at addressing mood and behavior? About a quarter Almost all About half No estimates are available
About half
Which of the following behaviors could indicate a risk for forming a multiple relationship? Spending time reading about a syndrome a parent revealed about their child one day after therapy Hugging a child goodbye after a therapy session Accepting a birthday gift from a family member of a client Expressing excitement to a parent over a child's new mand repertoire
Accepting a birthday gift from a family member of a client
Which of the following could be a human rights challenge faced by small ABA agencies? Access to training and information on how to ensure the implementation of evidence-based practices for clients Access to an external human rights board to oversee complex interventions for clients with difficult behavior Access to information regarding the use of punishment and physical restraint when clients exhibit self-injurious behavior Access to information regarding the policies of other providers regarding the use of reinforcement and punishment
Access to an external human rights board to oversee complex interventions for clients with difficult behavior
Which of the following moral principles relates to treating clients with respect? Being truthful Pursuing excellence According dignity Accepting responsibility
According dignity
Which of the following is an example of an "overgeneralization" as it relates to culture? All white southerners are politically conservative. Some Jewish families may have a Christmas tree. Some Hispanic families like Italian food. Some Chinese children are bad at math.
All white southerners are politically conservative
Which of following can help to alleviate potential roadblocks to ABA service delivery in schools? Allow others to observe you work and to ask questions at an appropriate time. Respond to every request you receive to deliver services within 24 hours. Define and communicate what ABA services are and how they can be implemented. Provide a handout explaining the research on the effectiveness of ABA.
Allow others to observe you work and to ask questions at an appropriate time.
The best example of the bi-directional nature of culture within the context of ABA service delivery is: An African-American BCBA conducting a functional analysis with an African-American client in their home An RBT who is Muslim requesting to reschedule a session with a Christian client because of a specific religious holiday A Caucasian female conducting a parent training with a Caucasian family from the same community in their home on the weekend A Protestant RBT working with a Catholic family to help their child perform in a Christmas play at church
An RBT who is Muslim requesting to reschedule a session with a Christian client because of a specific religious holiday
Which of the following could be considered a serious challenging behavior exhibited by a staff member in an ABA services organization? An employee who called in sick from work because they had the flu An employee who was late to work three times in one year An employee who failed to watch a client and the client left the building An employee who disagreed with the rate of reinforcement for a client
An employee who failed to watch a client and the client left the building
The current ethics document published by the BACB is: A set of moral principles A helpful document to guide practice A list of suggestions for practice An enforceable code of ethics
An enforceable code of ethics
Which item is most likely to be an effective reinforcer for excellent teaching behavior?
An individual bonus delivered that day
Which of the following interventions reflects a behavioral systems analysis approach when dealing with staff who are engaging in patterns of dysfunctional behavior? Counsel each staff member and employ a 3 strikes rule. Offer each staff member an opportunity to change without calling out their behavior. Analyze the variables surrounding the dysfunctional behavior before intervening. Reward all the staff members who are not engaging in the dysfunctional behavior.
Analyze the variables surrounding the dysfunctional behavior before intervening.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the number of ethics complaints made to the BACB? As more behavior analysts become aware of ethical issues, they will exercise more caution. As the public becomes more aware that behavior analysts have ethical codes, more allegations will be made. As the demand for services and the number of credentialed practitioners increase, so will allegations. Since the ethical code is now enforceable, the number of allegations of ethical misconduct will decrease.
As the demand for services and the number of credentialed practitioners increase, so will allegations.
When delivering BST in school settings, supervisors should: Deliver feedback to the supervisee so other staff can hear it as well Assess the comfort level of the supervisee in receiving public feedback Only deliver feedback in written form immediately after delivering BST Provide written evaluations with feedback within 2 weeks of the BST
Assess the comfort level of the supervisee in receiving public feedback
Which of the following general statements about assessment in relation to ABA programming is correct?
Assessment is the foundation for every aspect of the development and implementation of ABA programs
A key benefit to having RBTs in schools is for them to: Offer advice to teachers and other staff when asked Serve as one-to-one assistants to a single student each day Assist teachers and other in implementing behavior support plans Serve as dedicated behavioral consultants in schools
Assist teachers and other in implementing behavior support plans
Management strategies that rely on negative reinforcement produce staff behaviors that are based on: Gaining positive feedback Avoiding aversive consequences Getting bonuses for performance Earning paid time off
Avoiding aversive consequences
Which of the following types of ABA professionals can write skill acquisition programs unsupervised?
BCBA
which of the following staff members can supervise RBTS?
BCBAs, BCaBAs, and other qualified professionals who have completed supervision training
Which of the following is true regarding the work of BCaBAs?
BCaBAs can supervise RBTs
Why are clinical skills issues a particularly concerning challenging staff behavior? Because clients will almost certainly regress behaviorally Because interventions will not be as effective as they could be Because the organization will not be able to bill for that time Because the staff member will feel bad about their performance
Because interventions will not be as effective as they could be
Why is it okay to be uncomfortable and address issues regarding bias when providing ABA interventions? Because to provide quality intervention to diverse populations, clinicians need to avoid conflict and be uncomfortable with bias Because those who display bias toward others should be made to feel uncomfortable, as their behavior is unacceptable Because to provide quality intervention to diverse populations, clinicians need to become more comfortable with being uncomfortable Because to provide quality intervention to a variety of individuals, a universal protocol for interacting with others must be applied with all clients
Because to provide quality intervention to diverse populations, clinicians need to become more comfortable with being uncomfortable
B = f(O,E) means: Behavior equals environments coupled with people Behavior is a function of the equality of people Behavior is a function of the interactions between a person and their environment Behavior is a function of the interactions between a person and their education
Behavior is a function of the interactions between a person and their environment
Which of the following is the best definition of cultural humility? Being open to others and their cultural identities if it fits within the larger context of society Apologizing for any act of insensitivity that you may commit before interacting with the client Being open to others and the aspects of their cultural identities that are important to them Studying all aspects of various cultures of the individuals you are currently working with or may work with in the future
Being open to others and the aspects of their cultural identities that are important to them
Criterion-referenced assessments are most useful for:
Building skill acquisition programs
How can supervisors best ensure that behavior plans are implemented with fidelity? By checking in with supervisees about the plan once a month By training, supervising, consulting, and trouble-shooting By reviewing data on a weekly basis and reporting issues to administrators Through training staff and hoping that they implement plans correctly
By training, supervising, consulting, and trouble-shooting
If health, safety, or fraud are ethical concerns, what is the most important first step for reporting? Call the appropriate authorities and/or regulatory bodies. Attempt to correct the situation directly with the individual. Use the BACB's web-based reporting system to make the allegation. Consult the local media in order to adequately protect the public.
Call the appropriate authorities and/or regulatory bodies.
Which of the following is most likely used by payers to guide them in approving or discontinuing ABA treatment?
Changes in the core characteristics of autism as defined as a result of intervention
The effectiveness of group supervision sessions can be maximized by: Allowing conversations to drift into anything that comes up Choosing a topic and setting up an agenda Spending the bulk of the time lecturing to supervisees Pointing out specific skill deficits of each supervisee
Choosing a topic and setting up an agenda
In order to have a positive impact on the success of children they treat in schools, behavior analysts must: Ignore the opinions of other professionals Collaborate with other professionals Always agree with other professionals Only consider the opinions of parents
Collaborate with other professionals
Which of the following can RBTs do in relation to implementing intervention plans?
Collect data on the effectiveness of the plan
A workflow process is created by: Having enough managers to supervise staff so they follow all policies and procedures Communicating strategies and tasks but withholding information about goals and the mission Telling all staff what to do on a need to know basis and informing them of changes as soon as possible Communicating goals, tasks, and strategies in order to achieve measurable results
Communicating goals, tasks, and strategies in order to achieve measurable results
Which of the following might be an example of dysfunctional homeostasis within an ABA practice? Creating a process for managing billing more efficiently Staff taking initiative to perform non-clinical duties Parents not understanding the process of ABA intervention Continuing to counsel the same staff over and over again about not providing reinforcers
Continuing to counsel the same staff over and over again about not providing reinforcers
Which of the following statements is true regarding reporting of demographics in the literature on ABA intervention? Cultural and language backgrounds were rarely reported. Cultural and language backgrounds were almost always reported. Cultural and language backgrounds did not need to be reported. Cultural backgrounds were reported but not language backgrounds.
Cultural and language backgrounds were rarely reported.
Which of the following contributes most to the feedback provided by the total performance system? Goal statement Receiving system Data Issues
Data
Which of the following are characteristics of "living systems"? Defined value sets; variables are homeostatic, dependent on the external environment; and actions are the result of multiple variables Defined value sets; variables are flexible, dependent on the external environment; and actions are the result of multiple variables Defined value sets; variables are homeostatic, independent of the external environment; and actions are the result of multiple variables Value sets shift; variables are homeostatic, dependent on the external environment; and actions are the result of multiple variables
Defined value sets; variables are homeostatic, dependent on the external environment; and actions are the result of multiple variables
Ramona has a difficult time getting little Billy to attend to a stimulus during in-home therapy. She starts therapy with him just as his siblings come home from school and rush outside to jump on the trampoline. Using the B = f(O,E) formula, which of the following is B? Siblings jumping on trampoline RamonaÂ's lack of skill Difficulty attending to a stimulus Provision of in-home therapy
Difficulty attending to a stimulus
Mary had her BCBA credential revoked because of fraudulent billing. What category of actions by the BACB does this reflect? Disciplinary review Code compliance Cautionary guidance Cautionary code
Disciplinary review
A BCBA is providing supervision services to one of their RBTs while they are implementing services to a client. The third-party payer source refuses to pay for both the BCBA supervision services and the time for the RBT's services, since they were concurrent services. What is the BEST way to address this situation? Refuse to accept clients who have that source as a form of payment. Bill the services anyway and then deal with the rejected claim later. Write an editorial for the local newspaper denouncing the payer sources practices. Discuss the situation with the payer and negotiate a reasonable solution
Discuss the situation with the payer and negotiate a reasonable solution
Which of the following are reasons for staff attrition in ABA organizations documented by research? Unable to find an ABA position in the local area Dissatisfaction with the larger field of ABA Dissatisfaction with training and supervision Unable to gain the skills necessary to be competent
Dissatisfaction with training and supervision
Which of the following moral principles is shared with physicians but also applicable to behavior analysts? Respect autonomy Be just Do no harm Be kind
Do no harm
When we think "the rat is never wrong," in regards to our employees- what does that mean?
Employees respond to the contingencies within their environment.
In addition to seeking out training and supervision, which of the following is a way for ABA practitioners to become more culturally aware? Gather family-specific information and use it only if it corresponds with current ABA literature. Engage in discussions with colleagues and be fully present in the moment when interacting with clients. Incorporate generic customs into programs before verifying their relevance to the client. Offer to spend a week observing a family and their interactions with each other before designing programs.
Engage in discussions with colleagues and be fully present in the moment when interacting with clients
What is meant by, "E" must be fully understood to impact "O's" performance? People and their motivations must be understood in order to explain why environments change. People have agendas and motivations that impact variables within any given environment. Environmental variables can sometimes impact the motivation of people. Environmental variables must be analyzed and understood in order to be used to change the performance of people.
Environmental variables must be analyzed and understood in order to be used to change the performance of people.
The fundamental concept of interconnectedness as it relates to behavioral systems analysis refers to: No one part of a system can function without the other Every part of a system is connected to every other part of a system Policies need to relate to one another to be effective Most parts of a system are connected to most other parts of a system
Every part of a system is connected to every other part of a system
Which of the following challenging behaviors responds best to training and supervision? Failure to prompt quickly enough after a cue is delivered Not showing up to work on time for a week or more Raising voice to a supervisor during behavioral skills training Offering to babysit a client when it is against company policy
Failure to prompt quickly enough after a cue is delivered
True or False: 'Staff should not use their cell phones in session' is a good example of a pinpoint.
False
In the hiring process, it is recommended that you:
Give a brutally honest picture of the job so they can make the best decision on whether the risk will be worth the reward.
cultural humility training was initially developed because of the negative effects of implicit bias by: Behavior analysts toward those from marginalized communities Special education teachers toward those from marginalized communities Political leaders toward those from marginalized communities Healthcare providers toward those from marginalized communities
Healthcare providers toward those from marginalized communities
Which of the following is the first line antecedent for preventing challenging staff behavior? Specifying consequences Hiring qualified staff Training staff on policy Providing positive reinforcement
Hiring qualified staff
The relationship between an individual's behavior and the system in which it occurs can create opportunities for: Targeting individuals and creating individual improvement plans Identifying issues and making improvements Offering suggestions to staff and accepting their feedback The creation of capital and business expansion
Identifying issues and making improvements
What should we use to determine if our staff goals are socially valid?
If our learners rate of desired outcome acquisition improves.
Which of the following best summarizes the need for training ABA clinicians on cultural diversity? Most ABA clinicians receive extensive training on the role of culture in the provision of ABA service delivery. Currently, there is no need to train ABA clinicians to deliver culturally sensitive services at all. It is safe to say that most clinicians need more training and experience in cultural variables related to ABA service provision. There is not currently a need to train ABA clinicians on the role of culture in the provision of services so no research is available.
It is safe to say that most clinicians need more training and experience in cultural variables related to ABA service provision.
Which of the following is true about data collection?
It is the foundation for creating behavior interventions
Why is it unwise to manage staff using negative reinforcement contingencies? It leads to anxiety, low morale, and lower productivity. It leads to anxiety that results from high productivity. It is considered harassment and is subject to legal action. It leads to high productivity and a compliant workforce.
It leads to anxiety, low morale, and lower productivity.
A research validated theory regarding job stress suggests that Job stress causes unethical behavior in some employees Job stress contributes to a poor work ethic among employees Job stress causes workers to have poor mental health Job stress contributes to negative attitudes and high turnover
Job stress contributes to negative attitudes and high turnover
Which of the following staff behaviors could likely result in immediate termination? Being late for work two times Forgetting to upload data Failing to put materials away Leaving client unsupervised
Leaving client unsupervised
What makes it difficult for ABA practitioners to become more culturally competent? Limited demographics on ABA clinicians, bias in communities, and the difficulty of accessing services for many from diverse backgrounds The lack of interest on the part of many ABA clinicians regarding the needs of those from diverse backgrounds inhibiting cultural competence Limited demographics on ABA clinicians, political correctness, and the difficulty of accessing services for many from diverse backgrounds The dearth of knowledge in any healthcare field on how to become culturally competent in an ever-increasing pluralistic society
Limited demographics on ABA clinicians, bias in communities, and the difficulty of accessing services for many from diverse backgrounds
Which of the following statements is true regarding ABA and multi-tiered system of support (MTSS)? Most of the interventions used in MTSS are not based on ABA. Many of the interventions used in MTSS are based on ABA. Many of the interventions used in MTSS are based on discovery learning. Many of the interventions used in MTSS are unproven.
Many of the interventions used in MTSS are based on ABA.
Which of the following statements is true regarding practitioners who use behavior analysis in schools? Many school psychologists and special educators are trained in ABA. Most school psychologists and special educators are not trained in ABA. Behavior analysts are the only professionals trained in ABA. School psychologists and behavior analysts are the only professionals trained in ABA.
Many school psychologists and special educators are trained in ABA.
Which of the following illustrates the use of the 3-term contingency as it applies to Mikes behavior? Mikes first client is frequently late. Mike arrives 10 minutes after his scheduled time each day. Mike walks in the door at the same time his client does. Mike arrives 10 minutes late every day. His client is 10 minutes late. Staff complain about Mike's behavior. Mike makes excuses about being late. Mike is counseled for being late. Mike continues to be late.Mike is late again. His supervisor has warned him. Mike is fired.
Mikes first client is frequently late. Mike arrives 10 minutes after his scheduled time each day. Mike walks in the door at the same time his client does.
The best way to ensure that you know a new client is taking medication is to: Refuse to serve them if caregivers do not reveal medication status. Call the primary medical care provider and ask them directly. Obtain all medical records before setting an intake appointment time. Obtain a developmental and medical history during intake.
Obtain a developmental and medical history during intake.
What are the steps of starting a new client that can be generalized to starting new staff?
Obtain informed consent, take baseline, make reachable goals, use effective reinforcers.
Medication to address behavioral issues in children under the age of five is largely: Endorsed by most medical societies and professionals. Off-label because it has not been tested in children that young. Is unethical and ill-advised under any circumstances. Unnecessary under all circumstances because children under 5 are small.
Off-label because it has not been tested in children that young.
What do antecedents do for an organization? Determine how staff should be rewarded or disciplined. Specify consequences for engaging in challenging behaviors Provide minimal guidance in developing procedures Offer the structure for organizational processes and job performance
Offer the structure for organizational processes and job performance
Which type of environment encourages staff to follow policies? One where structure and policies are clear and enforced intermittently by managers One where the structure is clear but not necessarily all the policies are monitored and reinforced One where the structure and policies are clear and following them is reinforced One where the structure is loose but policies are mostly followed by most of the staff
One where the structure and policies are clear and following them is reinforced
Which of the following places clients at-risk when interventions are not adequately supervised by behavior analysts? Interventions will probably be implemented consistently anyway Staff will know what to do when an intervention is not working Only parts of interventions may be implemented instead of the entire intervention Therapeutic practices will probably be used by experienced staff
Only parts of interventions may be implemented instead of the entire intervention
In the adaptive system (total performance system) the processing mechanism can be compared to _________ and the receiving system can be compared to environment. People Behavioral function Environment Behavioral function
People
Using the adaptive or total performance system, which of the following is most like the processing system? Environment People Goal statement Data
People
Behavioral systems analysis is based on research from: Performance management and systems analysis Functional assessment and analysis Applied behavior analysis and social learning theory Performance management and Six Sigma
Performance management and systems analysis
What is the best combination of consequence variables if you want a behavior to happen?
Positive, Immediate, Certain
Which of the following practices based on ABA that are included in MTSS models involves programmed instruction designed to increase accuracy and fluency of academic skills? Precision teaching School-Wide Positive Behavior Supports Direct Instruction Discovery learning
Precision teaching
It is recommended that staff evaluations should be performed:
Proactively
Which of the following code violations was the most highly reported in 2018? Referrals and fees Professionalism and integrity Client records Issues with client records were not the most highly reported code violation in 2018. Approving behavior change programs
Professionalism and integrity
Which of the following activities is the best way to help families of clients better understand the role of the RBT in their child's ABA program? Hold a family night where staff socialize informally with parents Provide families with written expectations and go over them individually during the intake process with follow-ups on a regular basis Have the RBTs explain to parents that they won't babysit Have the RBTs explain that they are there for ABA and ABA only
Provide families with written expectations and go over them individually during the intake process with follow-ups on a regular basis
Which of the following sources defines culture as a configuration of learned behaviors and the results of engaging in those behaviors whose component elements are shared and transmitted by members of a particular society? Media outlets Business Psychology Public opinion
Psychology
Some BCBAs have identified parts of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code that could be conflicting depending on the circumstances. Which of the following is an example of this conflict? Accepting clients without regard to their ability to pay for services and practicing economic discrimination Providing more than adequate supervision to a supervisee and continuing to employ them despite their unwillingness to be ethical Responding to a client's cultural norms by accepting an offer of a glass of water yet violating the code for accepting a gift Refusing to engage in casual conversation with a client's parent before a session and charging them for the time they attempted to speak to you
Responding to a client's cultural norms by accepting an offer of a glass of water yet violating the code for accepting a gift
Two medications approved by the FDA for treatment in autism are: Risperidone and aripiprazole. Amphetamines and methylphenidate. Clonidine and valproate. Haloperidol and fluphenazine.
Risperidone and aripiprazole.
Which of the following best describes the concept of moral absolutism? Actions or deeds are right or wrong depending on the circumstances. Actions or deeds are completely acceptable in any circumstance. Rules are created without regard for every possible situation in which the rule could be applied. Actions or deeds are never completely right or wrong.
Rules are created without regard for every possible situation in which the rule could be applied.
What might be the best way to intervene with a family member who has repeatedly asked a supervisee to babysit? Tell the family member what they have asked is inappropriate and to stop asking. Instruct the supervisees to tell the family member that they need to quit asking. Tell the family member they should read the policy manual that was given them and refer to the section on "family/staff relationships". Schedule some time to meet and discuss the situation with the family member and guide them to resources for respite care services within the area.
Schedule some time to meet and discuss the situation with the family member and guide them to resources for respite care services within the area.
Which of the following is likely to happen to ABA services in schools as a result of the Endrew F. decision? Services will decrease Services will remain the same Services will be low quality Services will increase
Services will increase
Which of the following staff behaviors could be addressed informally? Failing to collect data correctly after multiple training attempts Leaving a client unsupervised while taking a break Showing up for work 10 minutes late due to traffic issues Making harassing comments to a co-worker based on religion
Showing up for work 10 minutes late due to traffic issues
Which strategies are best for preparing clients for medical procedures? Provide them with materials that explain the purpose of the procedure Have the prescriber verbally explain why the procedure is important Promise a reinforcer if the client is compliant with the procedure Simulations with non-contingent reinforcement and behavioral shaping.
Simulations with non-contingent reinforcement and behavioral shaping.
Employees and supervisees who make errors or do not perform as expected may have: Attitude issues Dislike for the job Skills deficits Performance deficits
Skills deficits
Why is it important for a supervisor to model ethical behavior? So the supervisor will not face sanctions by the BACB So supervisees will not be confused by a display of unethical behavior So supervisees will understand what not to do So supervisees will know that unethical behavior has consequences
So supervisees will not be confused by a display of unethical behavior
Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects of language on functional analysis outcomes for an individual from a non-English speaking home? The individual engaged in lower levels of challenging behavior when English was spoken during conditions. The individual engaged in the same level of challenging behavior when both languages were spoken during conditions. The results of the functional analysis were inconclusive as there were multiple methodological issues in the execution of the study. The individual engaged in higher levels of challenging behavior when English was spoken during conditions.
The individual engaged in higher levels of challenging behavior when English was spoken during conditions.
Why is it not advisable for staff members to "vent" about their interactions with clients and families to friends or acquaintances? It is just not a professional thing to do They may compromise their professional credibility The risk of breaking confidentiality of clients is increased It is okay to vent, just don't use last names
The risk of breaking confidentiality of clients is increased
How are cultural competence and cultural humility different? The ultimate goal of cultural humility is acquiring knowledge while cultural competence is an ongoing effort to understand others. The ultimate goal of cultural competence is to understand bias while cultural humility is an ongoing effort to learn more about culture. The ultimate goal of cultural competence is acquiring knowledge while cultural humility is an ongoing effort to understand others. The ultimate goal of cultural competence is educating others while cultural humility is an ongoing effort to understand others.
The ultimate goal of cultural competence is acquiring knowledge while cultural humility is an ongoing effort to understand others.
Which of the following statements is true regarding access to ethical guidance for BCBAs today? There is more guidance from the field than ever before There is less guidance from the field than ever before Some guidance exists but not enough to protect clients More research is needed to ensure that clients are protected
There is more guidance from the field than ever before
Which of the following is true regarding the state of research guidance on implementing ABA services in schools? There is too much research to categorize and sort through. There is no research on ABA service delivery in schools. There is very little research guidance on ABA service delivery in schools. It is unethical to conduct research on ABA services in schools.
There is very little research guidance on ABA service delivery in schools.
Why are supervisees valuable in the functional assessment process in schools? They know more than all other staff about observation and data collection. They can multi-task better than staff who do not have their training. They are trained observers dedicated to the task of observation. They have nothing else to do in schools beside observe students.
They are trained observers dedicated to the task of observation.
Which of the following is true regarding caseloads in schools? They are usually very light It is hard to get enough cases They can get heavy quickly They cannot be limited
They can get heavy quickly
1. How does encouraging employees to take care of themselves physically and emotionally improve their adherence to performance and ethical standards at work? They catch on more quickly to new information and expectations They will be able to work longer hours They will be less likely to abuse clients They will be less likely to suffer the negative effects of work stress
They will be less likely to suffer the negative effects of work stress
What is the goal of using a behavioral systems analysis approach? To develop policies and procedures for a business To create meaningful and lasting change that will impact the business positively To define and analyze each and every variable that might impact a business To use as a tool for identifying employees and managing human performance
To create meaningful and lasting change that will impact the business positively
Why is it important to practice resiliency as part of the 5Rs of cultural humility? To take care of yourself so you will be physically able to practice ABA in your later years To take care of yourself so you can provide the best service possible to clients If you do not, you will face ethical complaints by parents and colleagues and be reported If you do not, you will engage in inappropriate and biased behavior toward clients
To take care of yourself so you can provide the best service possible to clients
Which of the following best describes the way that using ABA-based interventions helps in respecting the autonomy of individuals? Tools such as shaping, chaining, fading, and the use of conditioned reinforcers all promote the independence of individuals and organizations served by behavior analysis. Respecting the autonomy of individuals is more important than ensuring the health, safety, and general welfare in home and community-based settings. Punishing undesirable behaviors can diminish the autonomy of individuals with developmental disabilities, autism, and other conditions that affect communication and social skills. Interventions based on ABA are always delivered in an ethical manner resulting in increased autonomy of individuals who receive treatment.
Tools such as shaping, chaining, fading, and the use of conditioned reinforcers all promote the independence of individuals and organizations served by behavior analysis.
After creating a policy, which of the following should be done? Punishing staff for not following the policy Training all staff on how to follow the policy Identifying when the policy is being followed Identifying when the policy is not followed
Training all staff on how to follow the policy
In-vivo supervision in schools provides opportunities for: Training supervisees in how manage difficult co-workers Learning from other supervisees through case discussions Observing the observation skills of supervisees Training supervisees in how to collect data and deliver interventions
Training supervisees in how to collect data and deliver interventions
Extrapyramidal side effects of psychotropics are more common in: Antiepileptics and stimulants. Anti-depressants and sedatives. Atypical or second generation psychotropics. Typical or first generation psychotropics.
Typical or first generation psychotropics.
Behavioral systems analysis views the behaviors of organizations as a whole and how they perform: Without resources Under extreme circumstances As usual Under varying circumstances
Under varying circumstances
The range of variables necessary for an entity to survive is termed: Range of variables Value set Goal statements Value variables
Value set
To respect an individual's needs, which of the following is the way clients should be treated when being assessed? In the target environment as judged by the clinician As if they existed in any given environment As if they were moving to a better environment Within the context of their environment
Within the context of their environment
Summative evaluation should provide?
an evaluation of an individual's performance based on previous formative evaluation results and goals
Telehealth has been used to perform which of the following healthcare services?
assessment
When is a formative evaluation conducted?
at scheduled intervals within an evaluation period
supervisors providing telehealth supervision can improve rapport with supervisees by:
attending to cues such as gestures, tone of voice and eye contact
Which of the following activities might an RBT supervisor provide?
behavioral skills training to learn how to perform a paired stimulus preference assessment
Research on language instruction preference of children with autism from Spanish speaking homes indicates: Children preferred difficult instructions be provided in English. Children preferred difficult instructions be provided in Spanish. Children preferred difficult instructions be provided in both languages. Children preferred simple instructions be provided in both languages.
children preferred difficult instructions be provided in Spanish.
Which of the following statements is true regarding HIPAA violations?
consequences can involve significant monetary fines
Communication delivered electronically instead of face-to-face can sometimes impede a supervision relationship by seeming:
distant or impersonal
Supervisors must ensure telehealth supervision is
encompassing, ethical, and effective
Which of the following supervision activities best ensures a supervisee has a direction for improving their skills?
establishing performance expectations
Which of the following is a good tip for mentors to follow?
express excitement when those whom you mentor perform at higher levels than previously achieved
which of the following is recommended when supervisors have taught new skills to supervisees?
following up on the supervisees' performance of the new skills
which of the following is an example of a "restricted" activity as defined by the BACB?
implementing discrete trials
Which of the following best describes the role of the RBT in the service delivery system?
implements skill acquisition plans for clients
Encryption software is required for telehealth supervision so that?
information shared will remain private
Which of the following is the best definition of behavior analytic supervision?
it is an active process of systematic shaping of the multiple skills required of those who are practicing or who want to practice ABA
which of the following is an advantage of using telehealth supervision
it provides more efficient meeting scheduling
Which of the following is the biggest danger of not addressing bias displayed by family members toward clinicians? The therapeutic relationship is compromised, resulting in less than optimal outcomes for the client. There is no danger to anyone but the clinician, so ignoring it is the most professional way to handle it. Supervisees will become resentful of the family member and not want to go to the client's home. The family member's biased behavior will always increase, making the situation even more uncomfortable.
the therapeutic relationship is compromised, resulting in less than optimal outcomes for the client.
Why is it important to evaluate the effects of supervision
to prepare those entering the field of ABA to serve clients safely and correctly
What is the purpose of behavior analytic supervision?
to provide the foundation for ABA staff to engage in decision-making and practices that ensures that services delivered are in a way that benefits the receivers of those services and promotes the advancement of the field
Which of the following helps to address a concern about treatment fidelity when providing telehealth supervision?
using competency checklists
When does mentoring occur?
when an experiences professional shares their knowledge, skills, and experience to assist other less experiences or knowledgable professionals within the system in which they work
Which of the following statements is true regarding ABA telehealth supervision?
while the BACB guidelines for supervision were not originally developed with telehealth in mind, remote methods that attend to privacy protection laws and regulations are acceptable
which of the following is most important regarding evaluating the effects of telehealth supervison?
you need to know if the supervisee felt confident in their own skills after receiving telehealth supervision
Stimulus equivalence occurs when:
A response is correctly displayed in the presence of a stimulus that has not been trained or reinforced
Which of the following is an example of how stimulus control could be augmented?
A timer to signal how long to brush teeth
One of the benefits of a workshop format for developing training families and staff on skill acquisitions is:
A unified plan of how to implement plans and intervene with behaviors can be made collaboratively
Which of the following is a learner characteristic that could impact the development of stimulus control?
Attending skills
Why are crisis plans incorporated into some behavior intervention plans?
Because some behaviors cause a risk to the safety of the individual engaging in the behavior or others in the environment
Which of the following statements reflects the idea behind Interview- Informed Contingency Analysis (IISCA):
Behaviors respond to multiple reinforcers not just one
Which of the following should happen first before conducting a brief functional analysis?
Define the behavior
Which of the following statements regarding HIPAA and supervision via telehealth is true?
A business associate agreement and monthly fee with the software platform company may protect the supervisor from liability if sessions are hacked
Which of the following is included in a functional assessment plan:
A definition of the behaviors of concern
Both functional assessment and functional analysis have the goal of generating:
A hypothesis as to why the individual engages in a behavior
Which of the following is true about trial by trial collection?
Data are recorded on each trial presented
A logical control condition for an ignore condition would be:
An attention condition
Stimulus control occurs when:
An individual behaves one way in the presence of a stimulus and differently in the presence of another
Which of the following is the best definition of data?
Data is a quantifiable dimension of behavior
Why are trends sometimes necessary to include on line graphs?
Data paths are not always clear
"4 out of 5 times for 10 consecutive data recording periods" is an example of which part of a goal:
Criterion to identify the standard for the behavior
Which of the following graphs indicate the total number of behaviors in an additive fashion?
Cumulative graphs
Recently, Mario's tantrums seem to last longer. Which data recording procedure might be the best one to use to determine this?
Duration
Which of the following assessment and intervention systems require certification in the specific programs?
Early Start Denver Model and PEAK
The overall goal of the PEAK system is to:
Encourage the acquisition of skills that can be generalized and promote higher order thinking in novel contexts
Which of the following data collection methods is the most commonly used in brief functional analyses
Event recording
Extended functional analyses are not acceptable to some stakeholders because:
Evoking problem behavior is counterintuitive.
Precursor functional analyses help to prevent:
Extensive reinforcement of problem behavior
Which of the following is an example of a motivating operation:
Fred is hungry so crackers work well as a reinforcer for task compliance
A learner who requires a wide program with many goals and targets is more likely to:
Have fewer behavior problems and skills that are ready for generalization soon
Because trial-based functional analyses are delivered in natural environments, results have:
Higher levels of external validity
Behavioral Skills Training (BST) is often used to train staff and families because:
It is an evidence-based practice
Which of the following is a drawback of probe data?
It is less accurate
Which of the following types of functional analysis is the best choice for behaviors that occur once like disrobing:
Latency-based functional analysis
Which of the following types of graphs are most preferred in the field of ABA?
Line Graphs
Which type of graph provides the most information about variability in the data?
Line graphs
Which of the following activities are web-based ABA curricula and data collection systems designed to replace?
Manual data entry on skill acquisition plans
Which of the following could be a prevention strategy for a behavior that involves throwing items?
Minimizing the number of items that could be thrown
The process of defining target behaviors using a precise definition is called:
Operationally defining the behavior
Motivating operations can exert stimulus control over a behavior by:
Playing a role in the effectiveness of the reinforcer at that point in time
Information that is covered by HIPAA is called?
Protected health information
When presenting an attention condition, which of the following should be done:
Provide the individual with attention for the behavior
Trial-based functional analysis works by:
Providing antecedents and consequences in natural environments
Continuous data recording involves:
Recording all instances of a behavior
Prior to the introduction of functional analysis, behavior interventions relied on:
Reinforcers and punishers without much consideration around why the person engaged in the behavior
Undesirable behavior can be reduced by:
Reinforcing alternative behaviors, using extinction, or punishment
Consequence interventions involve
Reinforcing desired behaviors and reducing the display of undesirable behavior
Behavioral function derived from the results of functional analysis tends to produce interventions that:
Rely more heavily on reinforcement and are less likely to make use of punishment
Prior to Iwata et al.'s original study of functional analysis and self-injury, when differential reinforcement failed, what did alternative treatments consist of:
Restrictive interventions such as restraints or aversives
Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring discriminative stimulus at work?
Seeing a stop sign and stopping
Why would the prompt level necessary to perform the skill be an important part of data collection?
Skills performed with prompts are not mastered until they are performed without prompts.
Why is it important to record data as close to the time the behavior actually occurred as possible?
So the data will be more likely to reflect an accurate picture of the behavior
Automatic reinforcement is associated most closely with:
Stereotypic behavior
Which of the following could be a replacement behavior for grabbing or stealing food?
Teaching the person to ask for food
Which of the following autism specific criterion referenced assessments offer an assessment of 25 skill areas:
The ABLLS-R
Latency data are useful for comparing
The amount of time it took a behavior to start in each condition tested
Which of the following considerations related to intervention data triggers the need for a re-assessment of skills?
The client has not made much progress
Stimulus discrimination training helps:
The learner to discern what is correct in the presence of an incorrect stimulus
Data are plotted on line graphs according to:
The number of instances of the behavior across time
Event recording is:
The same thing as frequency recording
One of the benefits of using an assessment tool that was not designed solely for a population of individuals with autism is:
They offer some external validity to levels of functioning prior to and after intervention has started
Duration and latency recording both involve:
Time
Which of the following is a reason why additional staff are needed to conduct functional analyses:
To collect data and to keep the individual and other safe
Michelle is an RBT who is teaching a mother how to implement a visual schedule for her child. What is Michelle doing?
Training a parent how to implement an intervention
Susan records data after every discrete trial she delivers. What type of data recording is this?
Trial by trial
True or False: Deep programming involves setting a few goals and targets at one time.
True
A most-to-least prompting sequence involves:
Using the most intrusive prompt, then less intrusive prompts until the least is used
Which of the following should be used for teaching the concept of blue?
Various shades of blue on identical objects
What is an interobserver agreement (IOA)?
When 2 data collectors agree on data collected at the same time during a behavior.
When are discontinuous data collection measures used?
When behaviors are used at such high rates it would be hard to get an accurate frequency count
Cumulative graphs are used:
When progress toward a predetermined number of behaviors should be demonstrated
Which of the following can be said about social skills assessments not designed specifically for individuals with autism?
While they offer a picture of an individual's social functioning, the results are not adequate for making all the decisions necessary for social skill intervention
Which of the following is a discontinuous data recording procedure?
Whole interval recording
Buster alternates between quiet and loud humming. Which behavior recording method would be the best to use?
Whole interval recording would be best because it is hard to hear him humming at times
Behavioral function tries to explain:
Why the behavior is happening
Which of the following is an indicator that an intake appointment has been successful?
You have a good idea how to proceed with assessment of skills
Which of the following helps to ensure that telehealth supervision is effective for the individual supervisee?
ask how you can make your supervision more effective throughout the course of supervision
If brief functional analysis data show that rates of problem behavior occur the most during an ignore condition, which of the following is the most logical behavioral function:
attention
Functional assessment yields __ results, while functional analysis yields __ results.
correlational; causal
A study comparing telehealth and in-person behavioral skills training found telehealth was effective for?
implementing antecedent strategies
