Religion 120 Ch 1-8

Which was the first book of the New Testament to be written?

1 Thessalonians

Scholars estimate literacy in antiquity to have been

10-15 percent.

The Maccabean revolt began around the year

167 b.c.e..

Scholars think Jesus died around

30 c.e

In what year did Athanasius name the current twenty-seven books of the New Testament as authoritative?

367 c.e

The Gospel of Mark was probably written around

65-70 c.e.

Name one of the people Plutarch wrote about.

Alexander the Great.

Which of the following was not a Jewish holy man?

Apollonius of Tyana

The New Testament was written in what language?

Greek

How was the Temple in Jerusalem unlike any other Greco-Roman place of worship?

It was the only temple for the God of Israel..

The phrase "Jesus' Passion" refers to

Jesus' suffering..

Which early Christian group believed in two Gods: the just God of the Old Testament and the merciful God of Jesus?

Marcionites

Who created the verse division that we have today?

Robert Stephanus.

Identify one discrepancy in the Gospel accounts of Jesus' crucifixion.

The account in Mark has it occurring at 9:00 a.m., whereas John's takes place after noon..

How did pagan literature of the first century refer to the events surrounding Jesus?

There weren't any references made to him..

How did the ancient Jews feel about keeping the Law embodied in the Torah?

They considered it a great joy..

Which of the following was thought to be the most powerful of the gods?

Zeus

Although we cannot know for certain, many scholars believe Q probably did not contain

a Passion narrative..

In first-century apocalyptic Judaism, the term "Son of Man" referred to

a cosmic figure..

When Jesus is baptized, the spirit of God descends on him in the shape of

a dove.

What is the earliest surviving manuscript of the New Testament to date?

a fragment of the Gospel of John.

What is the term for a category of literature in which members share a range of conventions?

a genre.

By what means have early Christian truth claims been handed down from one generation to the next?

all of these.

If the literary-historical method uncovers the same points uncovered by the redactional approach, then why use the redactional approach?

as a shortcut.

In Mark, the Temple curtain rips

at Jesus' death

What ritual was necessary for new converts to Christianity to undergo?

baptism

John, the forerunner of Jesus, proclaims forgiveness of sins and performs

baptisms

Why, in the Gospel of John, did Pontius Pilate have to conduct the trial of Jesus by lengthy conversations between the prosecution and the defendant?

because the Jewish leaders refused to go into Pilate's residence, so they sent Jesus in alone, leaving Pilate to go back and forth between them.

At Jesus' trial in Mark, the Sanhedrin charged him with

blasphemy..

The word "epistle" means

letter

The Dead Sea Scrolls contain parts of every book of the Hebrew Bible except

Esther..

What genre do the Gospels most closely fit?

Greco-Roman biography

The spread of Greek culture and language is known as

Hellenization

The Gospel of Mark begins with

Jesus' baptism by John

Scholars believe that Q contains mostly

Jesus' sayings..

Which of the following groups thought it was blasphemy to call Jesus God?

Jewish-Christian adoptionists

All of the following figures recognize Jesus in Mark except

John the Baptist..

The four-source hypothesis relies on the idea that

Mark was written first..

Both Matthew and Luke used _____________ as a literary source.

Mark.

Who assembled all the miracle stories dispersed throughout Mark into one large collection?

Matthew

The sect of Judaism that wielded the most political power was the

Sadducees

The Roman Empire began as

a small farming village

Redaction criticism is

a study of how an author changes his source..

The emphasis placed on Jesus' death classifies the Gospels as

a subgenre of the genre of ancient Greco-Roman biographies..

Why are the Dead Sea Scrolls so valuable?

because they are nearly a thousand years older than the oldest copies of the Hebrew Scriptures that we previously had.

What framework were ancient biographies often crafted within?

chronological.

"Diaspora" means

dispersion

Which of the following represents an intentional scribal error?

doctrinal change

In Rome, the priestly art of reading the entrails of sacrificed animals was called

extispicy

At the end of what century did Christians begin to call Jesus' words Scripture?

first c.e.

According to one of the Dead Sea Scrolls called the War Scroll, the final war that is due to take place at the end of time will last

forty years..

"Torah" means

guidance

The Pentateuch is

he first five books of the Bible..

Who was allowed to enter the Holy of Holies?

high priest

Biographies written by Christians put an inordinate amount of emphasis on what event in Jesus' life, which is very unusual for ancient biographies?

his death.

What does the term "gnosis" mean?

knowledge

Which traditional symbol is the Gospel author Mark associated with?

lion

When Mark and Matthew tell the same story, Mark's story is

longer

Pagan religions that required initiation were

mystery cults

Did the authors of the Gospels claim to be eyewitnesses to the events that they narrated?

no

How many original books of the New Testament do we have?

none

In the story of Jesus in the last minutes before his arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane (Luke 22:43-44), the account of his "sweating blood" while contemplating his imminent suffering is most likely

not an original part of any Gospel..

The Christian mission was conducted primarily

person to person..

State priesthoods in the Roman Empire were

political appointments

Stoicism, Platonism, and Epicureanism all involved the exercise of

reason

One of the most popular pagan authors of the second century, Plutarch, wrote fifty biographies of prominent Greek and Roman men. His main aim in these accounts was to

reveal their characters..

The term "canon" means

ruler

Missionary movements in the Greco-Roman world were advanced mostly by

schools of philosophy

What is the style of writing called that leaves out punctuation, capitalization, paragraph divisions, sentence divisions, and spaces between words?

scriptuo continua

"Synoptic" means

seen together

New Testament manuscripts do not

show a lack of passion for their topics..

Why did God instruct Moses to have every Israelite family sacrifice a lamb and paint their doorframes with its blood?

so the angel of death would pass over those houses.

According to Mark, the messiah must

suffer and die..

An alternative place of worship (alternative to the Temple in Jerusalem) where Jews came together in the community to discuss the sacred traditions of the Torah was called a(n)

synagogue..

The group of texts used by the Essenes is called

the Dead Sea Scrolls

The Marcionites believed Jesus came to save people from

the Jewish God

The Jewish response to Antiochus Epiphanes' actions was

the Maccabean revolt..

Most copies of New Testament manuscripts come from what time period?

the Middle Ages

The most accepted resolution to the Synoptic Problem is

the four-source hypothesis

What does the term "heresy" mean?

to choose

Ancient biographies were usually written for what main purpose?

to give instruction on proper behavior.

Polytheism is the

worship of many gods