Reproductive System

The preterm infant is receiving synthetic surfactant. Which data indicates the medication is effective? 1. The infant's heel stick capillary blood glucose level is 90 mg/dL 2. The infant's arterial blood gases (ABGs) are within normal limits 3. The positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the ventilator is turned off 4. The infant's pulse oximeter reading fluctuates between 90% and 92%

2. The infant's arterial blood gases (ABGs) are within normal limits Synthetic lung surfactant coats the alveoli and prevents collapse of the lung by reducing the surface tension of pulmonary fluids. Normal ABGs indicate the lungs are adequately oxygenating the body, which means the medication is effective

The pregnant client experienced a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) with her previous pregnancy. Which medication should the nurse question administering to this client? (Select all that apply) 1. Unfractionated heparin 2. Warfarin 3. Enoxaparin 4. Rivaroxaban 5. Dabigatran

2. Warfarin 4. Rivaroxaban 5. Dabigatran Warfarin (Coumadin) is contraindicated in pregnancy because of teratogenic effects. It is safe to use postpartum and during lactation Rivaroxaban (Xarelto), an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, is contraindicated in pregnancy because of the risk of fetal hemorrhage, malformations, and death Dabigatran (Pradaxa), a direct thrombin inhibitor, is contraindicated in pregnancy because of teratogenic effects

The female client has been taking infertility medications. Which findings indicate ovarian overstimulation syndrome? 1. Abdominal bloating and vague gastrointestinal discomfort 2. Bright red vaginal bleeding with golf ball-size clots 3. A positive fluid wave and lower abdominal wave 4. Burning and an increased frequency of urinating

3. A positive fluid wave and lower abdominal wave Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome involves marked ovarian enlargement with exudation of fluid into the woman's peritoneal and pleural cavities. This syndrome can result in ovarian cysts that may rupture, causing pain

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a pregnant client in labor at term gestation. Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1. Administer Rho (D) immune globulin IM 2. Administer measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine subQ 3. Administer penicillin IVPB 4. Administer 2 units packed red blood cells (PRBCs) IV

3. Administer penicillin IVPB Penicillin (PCN) is administered in labor for clients with a positive group B streptococcus (GBS) culture. If the client is allergic to PCN, cefazolin, clindamycin, or erythromycin are other options. GBS can be transmitted to the newborn during delivery and can cause sepsis, meningitis, or pneumonia

The postpartum client who delivered via cesarean section is receiving epidural morphine. The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) tells the nurse the client has a pulse of 84, respirations of 10, and a blood pressure of 102/78. Which interventions should the nurse implement first? 1. Administer naloxone intramuscularly 2. Assess the client's pain using the numerical (1-10) pain scale 3. Check the client's respiratory rate and pulse oximeter reading 4. Complete a neurovascular assessment of the client's lower extremities

3. Check the client's respiratory rate and pulse oximeter reading Because the UAP provided the initial abnormal data, the nurse should first assess the client to determine and validate the client's respiratory status

The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with preeclampsia and receiving magnesium sulfate intravenously. The laboratory reports to the nurse a critically high magnesium level of 6 mg/dL. Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1. Stop the magnesium infusion immediately 2. Notify the HCP to increase the magnesium infusion 3. Continue to monitor the client 4. Administer calcium gluconate stat

3. Continue to monitor the client The therapeutic level of magnesium sulfate for prevention of seizures in preeclampsia is 4 to 8 mg/dL. A normal magnesium level is 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL. Although a laboratory result of 6 mg/dL is critically high in the normal client, it is a therapeutic value in this client

Which statement best indicates the scientific rationale for administering corticosteroid therapy to a client who is 30 weeks pregnant? 1. Steroids are administered to decrease uterine contractions in preterm labor 2. Steroids will increase the analgesic effects of opioid narcotics 3. Steroids accelerate lung maturation, resulting in fetal surfactant development 4. Steroids will prevent the development of maternal antibodies to the fetus's blood

3. Steroids accelerate lung maturation, resulting in fetal surfactant development This is the scientific rationale for administering corticosteroids. They are administered to a client who is in preterm labor because they accelerate lung maturation, resulting in surfactant development in the fetus

The woman who is Rh negative and a follower of the Jehovah's Witnesses faith delivers a baby who is Rh positive. The HCP prescribed Rho (D) immune globulin for the mother. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? 1. Administer the Rho (D) immune globulin to the client within 72 hours 2. Obtain a signed permit for administering this medication 3. Confirm the infant's blood type with the laboratory 4. Explain to the client that Rho (D) immune globulin is a blood product

4. Explain to the client that Rho (D) immune globulin is a blood product The RhoGAM is derived from blood products; therefore, the nurse must explain this to the client whose faith prohibits the administration of blood or blood products

The nurse is caring for a healthy newborn client. Which vaccination should the nurse expect to administer before the client is discharged? 1. Haemophilius influenza type b (Hib) 2. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) 3. Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) 4. Hepatitis B (Hep B)

4. Hepatitis B (Hep B) Hep B is recommended at birth

Which medication categories are contraindicated in clients who are pregnant? (Select all that apply) 1. Pregnancy category A 2. Pregnancy category B 3. Pregnancy category C 4. Pregnancy category D 5. Pregnancy category X

4. Pregnancy category D 5. Pregnancy category X Category D medications have a proven risk of fetal harm and are not prescribed for clients who are pregnant unless the mother's life is in danger Category X medications have a definite risk of fetal abnormality or abortion

The nurse is preparing to administer medications in the antepartum unit. Which medication should the nurse question administering? 1. Terbutaline to a client preparing for an external cephalic version 2. Hydralazine to a client diagnosed with preeclampsia 3. Methotrexate to a client with an ectopic pregnancy 4. Prochlorperazine to a client diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum

4. Prochlorperazine to a client diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum Prochlorperazine (Compazine, Stemetil) is contraindicated in pregnancy. Ondansetron (Zofran) and promethazine (Phenergan) are more common medications for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy

Which assessment data warrants immediate intervention for the client in labor who is receiving an oxytocin infusion via pump? 1. The uterus periodically becomes hard and firm 2. The client reports an urgency to void 3. The client denies the urge to push 4. The FHR does not return to baseline

4. The FHR does not return to baseline During a contraction, the FHR will decrease but should return to the baseline FHR after the contraction. If this does not occur, it indicates the infant is in distress and this warrants immediate interventions. This could also be a sign of uterine rupture resulting from overstimulation of the uterus. The oxytocin (Pitocin) infusion should be stopped immediately

The nurse is reviewing the laboring client's fetal monitor strip. Which order by the HCP should the nurse question? 1. Initiate a saline lock or NS IV line 2. Administer butorphanol 1 mg IV push (IVP) 3. Continue oxytocin infusion via pump 4. Perform a sterile vaginal examination

2. Administer butorphanol 1 mg IV push (IVP) The client is experiencing early decelerations, which are indicative of head compression and possible imminent delivery. The nurse should question the administration of butorphanol (Stadol) because if given too close to delivery it can cause respiratory depression in the newborn

The client is experiencing postpartum hemorrhage and has received methylergonovine. Which intervention is the priority when administering this medication? 1. Check the client's hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels 2. Monitor the client's peripad count frequently 3. Assess the client's vital signs every 2 hours 4. Determine the client's fundal height

2. Monitor the client's peripad count frequently Monitoring the client's peripad count will allow the nurse to directly assess how much the client is bleeding, which will help determine if methylergonovine (Methergine) is effective

The client who is 32 weeks pregnant and in preterm labor is prescribed terbutaline. Which data warrants intervention by the nurse? 1. The client's respiratory rate is 34 2. The fetal heart rate (FHR) is 150 bpm 3. The client's apical heart rate is 104 bpm 4. The client reports no contractions

1. The client's respiratory rate is 34 Terbutaline (Brethine), a beta-adrenergic agonist, causes bronchodilation, and if the client's respiratory rate is greater than 30 or if there is a change in quality of lung sounds (wheezing, rales, or coughing), the HCP should be notified

The client has been taking birth control pills for 5 weeks. Which statement from the client warrants intervention by the clinic nurse? 1. "I stay nauseated and my breasts are very tender." 2. "I have not had a period since I started the pill." 3. "I make my boyfriend use a condom even though I am on the pill." 4. "I took the pills for 3 weeks then stopped for 1 week."

1. "I stay nauseated and my breasts are very tender." If signs of estrogen excess are apparent (nausea, edema, or breast discomfort), a preparation with lower estrogen content is needed. This statement therefore warrants the nurse to intervene

The nurse is caring for a pregnant client who delivered her last baby at 30 weeks gestation. The HCP has prescribed hydroxyprogesterone caproate injections. Which information should the nurse discuss with the client? (Select all that apply) 1. "This medication lowers the risk of having another preterm infant." 2. "Injections are given weekly from 16 to 37 weeks gestation." 3. "This medication can be used to stop active preterm labor." 4. "Pain, redness, and swelling can occur at the injection site." 5. "This medication is intended for use in clients with multiple gestations."

1. "This medication lowers the risk of having another preterm infant." 2. "Injections are given weekly from 16 to 37 weeks gestation." 4. "Pain, redness, and swelling can occur at the injection site." Hydroxyprogesterone caproate (Makena) is shown to reduce the risk of recurrent preterm birth in a client with a history of at least one previous preterm birth and pregnant with a single fetus Injections are administered intramuscularly every week beginning at 16 to 20 weeks gestation until 37 weeks gestation Pain, redness, and swelling can occur at the injection site

Which male client should the nurse consider at risk for complications when taking sildenafil? 1. A 56-year-old client with unstable angina 2. An 87-year-old client with glaucoma 3. A 44-year-old client with type 2 diabetes 4. A 32-year-old client with an L1 spinal cord injury (SCI)

1. A 56-year-old client with unstable angina Sildenafil (Viagra), a vasodilator and erectile dysfunction agent, should be used cautiously in clients with coronary heart disease because during sexual activity the client could have a myocardial infarction from the extra demands on the heart. Specifically, clients taking nitroglycerin or any nitrate medication should not take sildenafil (Viagra) because the vasodilation effects may cause hypotension. A client with unstable angina would be taking a nitrate medication

Which interventions should the nurse implement when the nurse anesthetist is administering spinal anesthesia to a pregnant client in labor? (Select all that apply) 1. Administer 500 to 1,000 mL of IV fluid before insertion of the spinal catheter 2. Instruct the client to lie on her side in the fetal position during insertion of the spinal catheter 3. Perform a neurovascular assessment on the client's lower extremities 4. Monitor the client's blood pressure, pulse, and respirations during spinal anesthesia 5. Assist the client with pushing when instructed by the obstetrician

1. Administer 500 to 1,000 mL of IV fluid before insertion of the spinal catheter 2. Instruct the client to lie on her side in the fetal position during insertion of the spinal catheter 3. Perform a neurovascular assessment on the client's lower extremities 4. Monitor the client's blood pressure, pulse, and respirations during spinal anesthesia 5. Assist the client with pushing when instructed by the obstetrician Spinal anesthesia has been shown to be well tolerated by a healthy fetus when a maternal IV fluid preload in excess of 500 to 1,000 mL precedes the administration of the spinal. The client can be in the side-lying or fetal position when the spinal anesthesia is being administered This neurovascular assessment should be performed prior to and after the spinal anesthesia to determine the effectiveness of the anesthesia Baseline vital signs can be obtained 30 mins to 1 hour prior to spinal anesthesia; postprocedure vital signs are monitored every 1 to 2 minutes for the first 10 minutes and then every 5 to 10 minutes throughout the delivery Spinal anesthesia will cause the pregnant client not to feel the contractions, so the nurse needs to assist the client with pushing

The labor and delivery nurse is preparing the client for a scheduled cesarean birth. Which interventions should the nurse expect to implement? (Select all that apply) 1. Administer famotidine or sodium citrate with citric acid 2. Perform an abdominal prep with an antiseptic containing chlorhexidine and alcohol 3. Give cephazolin via intravenous piggyback (IVPB) 4. Administer ondansetron intravenously 5. Perform a "time out" procedure

1. Administer famotidine or sodium citrate with citric acid 2. Perform an abdominal prep with an antiseptic containing chlorhexidine and alcohol 3. Give cephazolin via intravenous piggyback (IVPB) 5. Perform a "time out" procedure Famotidine (Pepcid) or sodium citrate with citric acid (Bicitra) is given prior to a cesarean section to reduce gastric acid An abdominal prep is performed using an antiseptic containing chlorhexidine and alcohol (Chloraprep). This antiseptic is effective against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and many other viruses and fungi. It needs to dry for 3 minutes to be effective. In an emergency cesarean, a povidone iodine solution (Betadine) could be used since it requires no drying time A single prophylactic antibiotic such as cephazolin is recommended to reduce risk of infection A "time out" procedure is performed for client safety to verify the client's identity and procedure to be performed

The client diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is irritable, having difficulty feeding, and sleeping poorly. Which interventions should the nurse expect to implement? (Select all that apply) 1. Administer morphine orally 2. Loosely wrap the infant during feedings 3. Give phenobarbital to control seizures 4. Collaborate with child protective services 5. Perform gavage feeding

1. Administer morphine orally 3. Give phenobarbital to control seizures 4. Collaborate with child protective services 5. Perform gavage feeding Oral morphine can be given to reduce the signs of withdrawal Phenobarbital is effective in the treatment of opioid withdrawal seizures When a newborn client tests positive for drugs, child protective services becomes involved Gavage feeding may be necessary in the client unable to coordinate sucking and swallowing with breathing. Additionally, it conserves energy in the client

The nurse is caring for a client who reports a decreased sexual desire. The HCP has prescribed flibanserin. Which information should the nurse discuss with the client? (Select all that apply) 1. Alcohol is contraindicated when taking flibanserin 2. This medication is only for postmenopausal women 3. This medication can be used to improve sexual performance 4. Flibanserin should be taken orally, once a day, at bedtime 5. If you miss a dose, take as soon you remember, then resume regular schedule

1. Alcohol is contraindicated when taking flibanserin 4. Flibanserin should be taken orally, once a day, at bedtime Alcohol taken with flibanserin (Addyi) can cause hypotension and syncope. The client should also avoid grapefruit juice as it can change the amount of medication that is absorbed in the body Flibanserin (Addyi) is taken orally, once a day, at bedtime. Taking flibanserin any other time increases the risk of hypotension, syncope, and accidental injury. The medication can cause drowsiness

The client diagnosed with preeclampsia is receiving a magnesium sulfate infusion and delivered vaginally. Despite oxytocin and fundal massage, the client is experiencing heavy bleeding. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer? 1. Carboprost tromethamine 2. Methylergonovine 3. Calcium gluconate 4. Ritodrine

1. Carboprost tromethamine Carboprost tromethamine (Hemabate) is a synthetic prostaglandin that can decrease uterine bleeding postpartum by stimulating contractions

The client who is pregnant asks the nurse, "What does category A mean if the doctor orders that medication for me?" Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for the nurse's response? 1. Category A is the safest medication a client can take when pregnant 2. Category A medications are safe as long as the client does not take them during the first trimester 3. Research has not determined if these medications are harmful to the fetus 4. This category is dangerous to the fetus, but could be prescribed in emergencies

1. Category A is the safest medication a client can take when pregnant Category A medications have a remote risk of causing fetal harm and are prescribed for clients who are pregnant

The nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin ophthalmic ointment to a newborn client. Which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply) 1. Cleanse the client's eyes before application as needed 2. Apply a thin ribbon of medication to each eye in a single dose 3. Administer from the inner canthus to the outer canthus 4. Ensure medication is given within 2 hours of birth 5. Gently rinse the eye with saline after administration

1. Cleanse the client's eyes before application as needed 2. Apply a thin ribbon of medication to each eye in a single dose 3. Administer from the inner canthus to the outer canthus The newborn's eyes should be cleaned as needed prior to application A thin ribbon of 0.5% erythromycin ointment is applied to each eye. A new ointment tube is used with each newborn to prevent the spread of infection The ointment is administered in the lower conjunctival sac beginning at the inner canthus and moving to the outer canthus

The nurse is caring for a client who is to receive prostaglandin E2 dinoprostone insert for cervical ripening. Which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply) 1. Ensure the client has signed informed consent for the procedure 2. Instruct the client to void prior to insertion of the medication 3. Have the client maintain a recumbent position for 2 hours after administration 4. Prepare to remove the insert in the event of an adverse reaction 5. Avoid oxytocin induction for 6 to 12 hours after gel administration

1. Ensure the client has signed informed consent for the procedure 2. Instruct the client to void prior to insertion of the medication 3. Have the client maintain a recumbent position for 2 hours after administration 4. Prepare to remove the insert in the event of an adverse reaction The nurse should ensure the client understands the procedure and obtain an informed consent The client should void prior to medication administration The client should remain supine with a lateral tilt or in the side-lying position for 2 hours after placement of the insert to maintain the proper positioning of the insert in the posterior uterine fornix Prostaglandin E2 dinoprostone insert (Cervidil) is an insert with attached polyester tape that allows for insert removal if uterine hyperstimulation occurs

The nurse is preparing the newborn for a circumcision using a Gomco clamp. Which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply) 1. Ensure vitamin K was administered at birth 2. Apply eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine 3. Give 2 ounces of glucose water for pain 4. Obtain petroleum jelly to place on the penis after procedure 5. Administer acetaminophen orally prior to procedure

1. Ensure vitamin K was administered at birth 2. Apply eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine 4. Obtain petroleum jelly to place on the penis after procedure 5. Administer acetaminophen orally prior to procedure Vitamin K is administered shortly after birth to prevent bleeding. The nurse should confirm this was administered prior to the circumcision procedure A eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA) cream is applied to the penis prior to the procedure to anesthetize the area Petroleum jelly is applied to the penis after the procedure and after each diaper change for 7 days. Petroleum jelly is not needed for a circumcision using a PlastiBell device Acetaminophen given prior to the procedure and intermittently as needed after the procedure can control pain

The male client experiencing infertility problems tells the clinic nurse that he is taking St. John's wort for his depression. Which statement is the nurse's best response? 1. "This herb is useful for depression. I hope it will help." 2. "Did you discuss taking this herb with your psychologist?" 3. "This herb may cause infertility problems." 4. "Is your significant other taking any herbal medication?"

3. "This herb may cause infertility problems." St. John's wort may cause effects on sperm cells, decreased sperm motility, and decreased viability; therefore, this client should not take this herb

The nurse is caring for the pregnant client in labor. The client has had no prenatal care and reports being dependent on opioids throughout her pregnancy. Which interventions for pain control could be provided to this client? (Select all that apply) 1. Epidural anesthesia 2. Butorphanol IV 3. Morphine IV 4. Acetaminophen po 5. 1% lidocaine locally

1. Epidural anesthesia 3. Morphine IV 4. Acetaminophen po 5. 1% lidocaine locally Epidural anesthesia is not contraindicated in the opioid-dependent client and is an acceptable form of pain management If narcotics can be safely administered, the nurse should not withhold the medication during labor. Giving opioids during acute pain does not enhance an opioid-addicted client's chemical dependence Acetaminophen administered orally can reduce pain in early labor 1% lidocaine can be administered by the HCP prior to an episiotomy or for perineal repair

Which statement best indicates the scientific rationale for administering erythromycin ophthalmic ointment to a newborn client? 1. Erythromycin prevents ophthalmia neonatorum in infants of mothers with gonorrhea 2. Erythromycin prevents otitis externa in infants of mothers with herpes simplex virus 3. Erythromycin prevents transient strabismus in infants of mothers with chlamydia 4. Erythromycin prevents blindness in infants of mothers with cytomegalovirus

1. Erythromycin prevents ophthalmia neonatorum in infants of mothers with gonorrhea Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is prophylaxis against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, preventing ophthalmia neonatorum in infants of mothers with gonorrhea. It is required by law.

The client who is infertile and diagnosed with endometriosis is prescribed leuprolide. Which information should the nurse discuss with the client? (Select all that apply) 1. Explain that this medication may take 3 to 6 months to work 2. Discuss that this medication will help regulate the client's menstrual cycle 3. Instruct to take leuprolide every night to help decrease menstrual pain 4. Teach that this medication will not affect when the client can have intercourse 5. Tell the client not to drink grapefruit juice when taking this medication

1. Explain that this medication may take 3 to 6 months to work 4. Teach that this medication will not affect when the client can have intercourse The client should be aware that it may take 3 to 6 months for leuprolide therapy to achieve maximum benefits; therefore, the nurse should discuss the long-term possibility with the client Leuprolide (Lupron), a GnRH medication, does not affect when the client can have intercourse

The premature newborn client is diagnosed with a patient ductus arteriosus (PDA) and is experiencing labored breathing and an increased need for oxygen. Which medication would the nurse anticipate the HCP to order? (Select all that apply) 1. Indomethacin 2. Ibuprofen 3. Gentamicin 4. Caffeine 5. Captopril

1. Indomethacin 2. Ibuprofen 4. Caffeine Indomethacin causes the PDA to constrict, which closes the opening. This medication works well in premature infants Ibuprofen works similarly to indomethacin and is useful in closing PDAs in premature infants Early caffeine therapy decreases the medical treatment required for a PDA

The sexually active couple has decided to use a spermicide for birth control. Which information should the nurse discuss with the female partner? (Select all that apply) 1. Insert the spermicide prior to having sexual intercourse 2. Douche with vinegar and water immediately after intercourse 3. Teach to apply spermicide in the woman's vagina 4. Instruct that spermicide is effective up to three times 5. Explain this form of birth control will not prevent STIs

1. Insert the spermicide prior to having sexual intercourse 3. Teach to apply spermicide in the woman's vagina 5. Explain this form of birth control will not prevent STIs Correct use of spermicide is required for contraceptive efficacy. The spermicide must be in place prior to intercourse, and the foam is immediately active. If a suppository or tablet is used, it must be inserted 10 to 15 minutes before intercourse to allow time for it to dissolve The spermicide must be inserted into the female's vagina Condoms or abstinence are the only two ways to prevent STIs

The adolescent client is prescribed the birth control medication depot medroxyprogesterone. Which interventions should the clinic nurse implement? (Select all that apply) 1. Instruct the client to schedule an appointment every 3 months 2. Explain that infertility may occur up to 2 years after discontinuing 3. Demonstrate how to administer the medication subcutaneously in the abdomen 4. Discuss how to care for the intrauterine device (IUD) inserted in her vagina 5. Tell the client that she will not have to take a pill every day

1. Instruct the client to schedule an appointment every 3 months 2. Explain that infertility may occur up to 2 years after discontinuing 5. Tell the client that she will not have to take a pill every day Depot medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) is a safe, effective contraceptive that is effective for 3 months or longer and is administered via intramuscular injection every 3 months to provide continuous protection When injections are discontinued, an average of 12 months is required for fertility to return. Some women remain infertile for as long as 2 1/2 years The advantage to this medication is that it is only taken every 3 months, which is why it is recommended for adolescents or women who may not use other methods of birth control reliably

Which statement best indicates the scientific rationale for administering vitamin K to the newborn infant? 1. It promotes blood clotting in the infant 2. It prevents conjunctivitis in the infant's eyes 3. It stimulates peristalsis in the small intestines 4. It helps the digestive process in the newborn

1. It promotes blood clotting in the infant The newborn's gut is sterile and the liver cannot synthesize vitamin K (Aqua-MEPHYTON) from the food ingested until there are bacteria present in the gut

The nurse is teaching the pregnant client diagnosed with HIV about methods to prevent transmission to the infant. Which information should the nurse discuss with the client? (Select all that apply) 1. The client will take zidovudine po regularly beginning at 12 to 14 weeks gestation 2. The client's newborn should receive oral zidovudine 8 to 12 hours after birth 3. Breastfeeding should be encouraged to provide the infant passive immunity to HIV 4. If treated in early pregnancy, the risk of transmission of HIV to the infant is 1% or less 5. All clients diagnosed with HIV must have a cesarean delivery at 38 weeks gestation

1. The client will take zidovudine po regularly beginning at 12 to 14 weeks gestation 2. The client's newborn should receive oral zidovudine 8 to 12 hours after birth 4. If treated in early pregnancy, the risk of transmission of HIV to the infant is 1% or less ZDV is given orally, as directed, around the clock The newborn should receive oral zidovudine syrup beginning 8 to 12 hours after birth until 6 weeks old The CDC states that if the client is treated beginning in early pregnancy, the risk of transmission of HIV to the infant can be reduced to 1% or less

The pregnant client diagnosed with bipolar disorder has been taking lamotrigine to control symptoms. The client asks the nurse for information about the medication and pregnancy. Which information should the nurse tell the client? (Select all that apply) 1. Lamotrigine is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder in pregnancy 2. Medication dosage may need to be increased during pregnancy. 3. Serum lamotrigine levels should be obtained every 4 weeks in pregnancy. 4. Breastfeeding is contraindicated with lamotrigine 5. Lamotrigine causes no significant increase in birth defects

1. Lamotrigine is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder in pregnancy 2. Medication dosage may need to be increased during pregnancy. 3. Serum lamotrigine levels should be obtained every 4 weeks in pregnancy. 5. Lamotrigine causes no significant increase in birth defects Lamotrigine is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder in pregnancy Lamotrigine dosage may need to be increased during pregnancy to avoid recurrence of symptoms. If dose is increased in pregnancy, the medication should be tapered off in the postpartum period to prepregnancy levels Serum lamotrigine levels should be monitored every 4 weeks during pregnancy. There are no established therapeutic lamotrigine levels, so dose should be individualized to the client Lamotrigine causes no significant increase in birth defects

Which medication for the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage can be administered rectally? 1. Misoprostol 2. Carboprost 3. Oxytocin 4. Methylergonovine

1. Misoprostol Misoprostol (Cytotec) can be administered by mouth, intravaginally, or rectally

The nurse is preparing an aminoinfusion for a client who is experiencing severe variable decelerations of the FHR. Which solution should the nurse expect to administer through the intrauterine pressure catheter? (Select all that apply) 1. Normal (0.9%) saline 2. 5% Dextrose in water 3. Lactated ringer's 4. Albumin 255 solution 5. Dextrose in saline

1. Normal (0.9%) saline 3. Lactated ringer's NS is used in aminoinfusions. It can cause slight changes in fetal electrolytes, but is an acceptable fluid LR is the preferred fluid for aminoinfusions

Based on the following assessment of the newborn client, which interventions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply) 1. Suction the mouth and nose 2. Provide oxygen via face mask 3. Administer epinephrine endotracheally 4. Initiate an IV line of normal saline 5. Assess for need to administer naloxone

1. Suction the mouth and nose 2. Provide oxygen via face mask 5. Assess for need to administer naloxone The mouth and nose should be suctioned to ensure patency of airway The infant is breathing and has a heart rate greater than 100 breaths per minute, but is experiencing slow respirations and acrocyanosis, so oxygen should be given via face mask or "blow by" An infant having a normal heart rate and color (acrocyanosis is a normal finding in a newborn), but poor respiratory effort, should be assessed for the need for naloxone. If the mother received opiates within 4 hours of delivery, naloxone may need to be administered to the infant to counteract respiratory depression

The nurse is assisting the certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA) in placing an epidural in a laboring client. Which findings would indicate intravascular injection of the local anesthetic? (Select all that apply) 1. Tachycardia 2. Pruritus 3. Tinnitus 4. Sedation 5. Dizziness

1. Tachycardia 3. Tinnitus 5. Dizziness Tachycardia is a symptom of intravascular infection of a local anesthetic Tinnitus is a symptom of intravascular injection of a local anesthetic Dizziness is a symptom of intravascular injection of a local anesthetic

The male client who is infertile asks the clinic nurse about methods to improve his fertility. Which interventions should the nurse teach the client? (Select all that apply) 1. Take a multivitamin daily with zinc 2. Consume alcohol and caffeine in moderation 3. Testosterone therapy may help increase your sperm count 4. Clomiphene taken daily will help increase your fertility 5. Avoid smoking and use of nicotine products

1. Take a multivitamin daily with zinc 3. Testosterone therapy may help increase your sperm count 5. Avoid smoking and use of nicotine products A multivitamin daily improves nutrition. Zinc has been reported to increase testosterone levels, sperm count, and sperm motility Administration of testosterone will improve hormonal levels, resulting in a potential for increased spermatogenesis Smoking is associated with lower sperm count and motility

The pregnant client is diagnosed with preterm labor and the HCP has prescribed nifedipine. Which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply) 1. Teach the client that flushing of the skin and headaches can occur 2. Administer the medication sublingually before meals 3. Instruct the client to rise slowly after sitting or lying down 4. Discontinue medication if FHR increases 10 bpm over baseline 5. Advise the client to avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice

1. Teach the client that flushing of the skin and headaches can occur 3. Instruct the client to rise slowly after sitting or lying down 5. Advise the client to avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice Flushing of the skin and headaches are common side effects of nifedipine (Procardia) Nifedipine is a vasodilator and can cause orthostatic hypotension, so the client should be taught to rise slowly after sitting or lying down or call for assistance Consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice with nifedipine can cause an increased amount of medication to be absorbed, causing hypotension or undesirable change in heart rate

The 14-year-old client is prescribed oral contraceptive medication for menstrual irregularity. Which assessment data indicates the medication is effective? 1. The client has a period every 28 days 2. The client has a decrease in abdominal bloating 3. The client has a negative pregnancy test 4. The client reports a decrease in facial acne

1. The client has a period every 28 days Because the client is receiving the medication for menstrual irregularity it is effective when the menstrual cycle is regular, which is every 28 days

The client who is 38 weeks pregnant and diagnosed with preeclampsia is admitted to the labor and delivery area. The HCP has prescribed IV magnesium sulfate. Which data indicates the medication is effective? (Select all that apply) 1. The client has no seizure activity 2. The client's urine output is 45 mL/hour 3. The client's blood pressure is 148/90 4. The client's deep tendon reflexes are 2 to 3+ 5. The client's apical pulse is 70 bpm

1. The client has no seizure activity 4. The client's deep tendon reflexes are 2 to 3+ Magnesium sulfate is administered to prevent seizure activity, so if no activity is occurring the medication is effective Magnesium sulfate is administered to prevent seizure activity and is determined to be effective and in the therapeutic range when the client's deep tendon reflexes are normal, which is 2 to 3+ on a 0 to 4+ scale

The nurse is teaching the early postmenopausal client who is prescribed short-term systemic estrogen hormones about the benefits of this therapy. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply) 1. Therapy can reduce hot flashes and night sweats 2. Therapy can aid in the prevention of osteoporosis 3. Therapy can reduce vaginal dryness and dyspareunia 4. Therapy decreases the risk of blood clots and stroke 5. Therapy decreases memory loss and Alzheimer's disease

1. Therapy can reduce hot flashes and night sweats 2. Therapy can aid in the prevention of osteoporosis 3. Therapy can reduce vaginal dryness and dyspareunia Short-term systemic estrogen therapy can help reduce hot flashes and night sweats in postmenopausal clients The FDA approves of estrogen therapy for the prevention of osteoporosis Estrogen therapy can reduce vaginal dryness and dyspareunia in postmenopausal clients

The nurse is preparing a client for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for administering supplemental progesterone to this client? 1. To enhance the receptivity of the endometrium to implantation 2. To provide more hormone to the ovary for egg production 3. To help regulate the client's monthly menstrual cycle 4. To decrease galactorrhea in the client if fertilization occurs

1. To enhance the receptivity of the endometrium to implantation Progesterone enhances the receptivity of the endometrium to implantation - the function of progesterone in the bone - and is the scientific rationale for administering supplemental progesterone to a client preparing for an in vitro fertilization

The nurse is discussing fertility issues. Which statement indicates the couple is knowledgeable of fertility issues? 1. "My insurance should cover the cost of the medications completely." 2. "A multifetal pregnancy can result in preterm labor and birth." 3. "There is an excellent probability we will get pregnant the first time." 4. "Most of the implanted zygotes will result in a live birth."

2. "A multifetal pregnancy can result in preterm labor and birth." Pregnancy with more than twins carries a substantially higher risk to the mother and the fetuses because of preterm labor and birth, placental insufficiency, and higher demand on maternal body systems

The nurse is teaching the client about medication and diet during lactation. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply) 1. "Avoid the flu vaccination while breastfeeding as it can expose the baby to influenza." 2. "Do not take over-the-counter (OTC) decongestants such as pseudoephedrine." 3. "Too much caffeine can cause irritability and wakefulness in the newborn." 4. "Low dose aspirin tablets can be taken as needed for mild pain relief." 5. "Oral contraceptives containing estrogen should be taken daily to prevent pregnancy."

2. "Do not take over-the-counter (OTC) decongestants such as pseudoephedrine." 3. "Too much caffeine can cause irritability and wakefulness in the newborn." OTC decongestants, such as pseudoephedrine, can decrease milk supply and should not be taken while breastfeeding Excessive caffeine intake by the client can cause irritability and wakefulness in the newborn

The nurse is providing discharge instructions for the postpartum client concerning birth control methods. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client? 1. "Has your doctor discussed when to resume sexual activity?" 2. "Have you decided if you will be breastfeeding your baby?" 3. "Are you concerned about how this baby will change your life." 4. "Does your partner agree with the type of birth control you will use?"

2. "Have you decided if you will be breastfeeding your baby?" This is the most important question because if the mother has decided on breastfeeding, the nurse should discourage the use of birth control pills. Birth control pills enter breast milk and reduce milk production. Breastfeeding may delay ovulation, but should not be used as a form of birth control

At a preconception visit, the nurse instructs the client on the importance of folic acid in the prevention of serious birth defects. Which statement to the nurse indicates the client needs more teaching? 1. "I will increase my intake of spinach, orange juice, and almonds." 2. "I will increase my intake of milk, yogurt, and fish." 3. "I will take my prenatal vitamin with folic acid daily." 4. "I will avoid overcooking my food to prevent vitamin loss."

2. "I will increase my intake of milk, yogurt, and fish." Milk, yogurt, and fish are not a source of dietary folic acid

The client with gestational diabetes asks the nurse, "Why do I have to take shots? Why can't I take a pill?" Which statement is the nurse's best response? 1. "The shots will help keep your blood glucose level down better." 2. "Pills may hurt the development of the baby in your womb." 3. "Insulin will help prevent you from having the baby too early." 4. "Pills for diabetes may delay the baby's lung development."

2. "Pills may hurt the development of the baby in your womb." Oral hypoglycemic are not used during pregnancy because they cross the placental barrier; they stimulate fetal insulin production and may be teratogenic

The nurse is caring for the preterm infant in the NICU who is prescribed aminoglycosides and loop diuretics. Which adverse reaction can occur from the combination of these two types of medications? 1. Blindness 2. Intellectual delays 3. Hearing loss 4. Skin rash

3. Hearing loss Ototoxicity can be an adverse reaction to aminoglycosides. Loop diuretics increase the risk of ototoxicity. The extent of hearing loss varies and may be irreversible

The pregnant client is prescribed metoclopramide to treat hyperemesis gravidarum. Which information should the nurse discuss with the client? (Select all that apply) 1. "Chew the tablet thoroughly before swallowing." 2. "Take the medication 30 minutes prior to mealtime." 3. "Do not drink any type of alcoholic beverages." 4. "Muscle spasms are a common side effect." 5. "The medication can cause drowsiness that will make driving unsafe."

2. "Take the medication 30 minutes prior to mealtime." 3. "Do not drink any type of alcoholic beverages." 5. "The medication can cause drowsiness that will make driving unsafe." The medication should be taken on an empty stomach at least 30 minutes before eating Alcohol can increase central nervous system depressive symptoms (drowsiness, lethargy) of the medication and should be avoided Metoclopramide (Reglan) can cause drowsiness. The client should avoid driving until response to medication is known

The client who was raped is admitted to the emergency department and tells the nurse, "I will kill myself if I get pregnant from this monster." Which statement is the nurse's best response? 1. "Have you ever thought about killing yourself and do you have a plan?" 2. "There are medications that must be taken within 72 hours to prevent pregnancy." 3. "A vaginal spermicide can be prescribed that will prevent pregnancy." 4. "You may have to have an elective abortion if you do become pregnant."

2. "There are medications that must be taken within 72 hours to prevent pregnancy." There are three emergency contraception options available: (1) Yuzpe regimen, which is a combination of estrogen and progesterone pills administered within 72 hours and a second dose 12 hours later that will initiate the onset of menstrual bleeding within 21 days; (2) the administration of mifepristone (RU 486) plus misoprostol (Cytotec), which will prevent pregnancy; and (3) the insertion of a copper IUD within 5 days of unprotected intercourse, which can prevent pregnancy (99% effective)

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with menopause and prescribed paroxetine mesylate for hot flashes. The client tells the nurse, "I am concerned about taking hormone therapy for my symptoms." Which statement is the nurse's best response? 1. "Hormone therapy is the best way to relieve your hot flashes." 2. "This medication does not contain any hormones." 3. "Are you concerned this medication will not help your symptoms?" 4. "Taking hormones is safe if you only take them for a short time."

2. "This medication does not contain any hormones." Paroxetine mesylate (Brisdelle) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and does not contain any type of hormones

The male adolescent who is sexually active tells the school nurse, "I am embarrassed, but I don't know who else to tell. Last night when I used a condom with my girlfriend I got a red itchy rash down there. I don't know what it is or what to do." Which statement is the nurse's best response? 1. "You should abstain from sex until you are older." 2. "Use a condom made out of a lamb's intestines." 3. "Do you think your girlfriend gave you an STI?" 4. "Encourage your girlfriend to use a diaphragm."

2. "Use a condom made out of a lamb's intestines." The adolescent's comments should make the school nurse consider an allergic reaction to the condom, most of which are made of latex. Suggesting a type of condom made from lamb's intestines would prevent an allergic reaction

The female client tells the nurse that she is taking the herb Jasminum grandiflorum (jasmine) to improve her mood and decrease insomnia. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. "You should speak with your HCP about taking this herb." 2. "You should stop taking this herb immediately; it can cause miscarriages." 3. "You should take chasteberry instead to enhance infertility." 4. "No herbal supplements can increase fertility or prevent miscarriages."

2. "You should stop taking this herb immediately; it can cause miscarriages." The nurse should instruct the client to stop the herbal supplement J. grandiflorum (jasmine) immediately as it can cause miscarriage

The client experiencing infertility is receiving menotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Which diagnostic test indicates the medications are effective? 1. A serum HCG level 2. A serum estrogen level 3. A negative urine pregnancy test 4. A hemoglobin A1C

2. A serum estrogen level The serum estrogen level should increase three to four times the pretreatment baseline if the medications, menotropin (Pergonal), an ovarian stimulant, and HCG, are effective, and the client may be able to get pregnant

The nurse is preparing to administer medication in a labor and delivery unit. Which medication should the nurse question administering? 1. Magnesium sulfate to a client diagnosed with preeclampsia 2. Dinoprostone to a client diagnosed with asthma 3. Betamethasone to a client who is 27 weeks pregnant 4. Oxytocin to a client diagnosed with an incomplete abortion

2. Dinoprostone to a client diagnosed with asthma The synthetic prostaglandin dinoprostone (Cervidil) is used cautiously in clients who have asthma because it can initiate an asthmatic attack; therefore, the nurse should question administering this medication

The client in labor has an epidural catheter in place for anesthesia. Which intervention is most important for the labor and delivery nurse? 1. Assist the client with breathing exercises during contractions 2. Ensure the client's legs are correctly positioned in the stirrups 3. Have the significant other scrub for the delivery of the baby 4. Titrate the epidural medication to ensure analgesic effect

2. Ensure the client's legs are correctly positioned in the stirrups Because the legs are numb as a result of the epidural, the nurse must ensure the legs are in the stirrups correctly so that the client will not experience neurovascular compromise or any type of injury to the legs when they are in the stirrups

The client experiencing infertility is prescribed bromocriptine. The client calls the clinic nurse and reports that she thinks she may be pregnant. Which intervention should the clinic nurse implement first? 1. Schedule the client for a pelvic sonogram 2. Instruct the client to quit taking the medication 3. Tell the client to make an appointment with the HCP 4. Encourage the client to confirm with a home pregnancy test

2. Instruct the client to quit taking the medication The client must quit taking bromocriptine (Parlodel) immediately because it can cause a miscarriage of the fetus. Once the client becomes pregnant, the medication is not needed anymore

The mother diagnosed with preeclampsia has received magnesium sulfate during labor and delivery. Which interventions should the nursery nurse implement for the newborn? (Select all that apply) 1. Assess the lungs for meconium aspiration 2. Prepare to administer IV calcium gluconate 3. Administer 2 ounces of glucose water 4. Assess the infant's axillary temperature 5. Stimulate the baby by tapping the feet

2. Prepare to administer IV calcium gluconate 5. Stimulate the baby by tapping the feet The antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity is calcium gluconate; therefore, the nurse should be prepared to administer it The baby is at risk for respiratory or neurological depression; therefore, the nurse should stimulate the baby until the effects of the magnesium sulfate have dissipated

The nurse is preparing to administer topical benzocaine to a client with a fourth-degree episiotomy. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Rank in order of performance 1. Position the client on the side with top leg up and forward 2. Wash hands and don nonsterile examination gloves 3. Check the client's MAR with the identification band 4. Ask the client if she is allergic to any "-caine" drugs 5. Apply the benzocaine to the perineal area

3, 4, 2, 1, 5 3. Check the client's MAR with the identification band 4. Ask the client if she is allergic to any "-caine" drugs 2. Wash hands and don nonsterile examination gloves 1. Position the client on the side with top leg up and forward 5. Apply the benzocaine to the perineal area The nurse must first determine if this is the right client receiving the right medication The nurse should always check about allergies. With this medication, "-caine" drugs are anesthetics and, if the client is allergic to lidocaine (suturing lacerations) or Novacaine (dental procedures), the client should not receive this medication Once the nurse determines that this is the right client receiving the right medication and that the client has no allergies, then the nurse must wash his or her hands and use gloves to administer a medication to the perineal area This position allows maximum exposure to the area that should be medicated After completing all of the previous steps, the nurse can apply the medication

The nurse is teaching a pregnant client diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) infection about treatments during pregnancy and effects on her newborn. Which statement indicates the client understands the client teaching? 1. "My baby will be born with TB, and will be given isoniazid to treat the infection." 2. "I will not be able to breastfeed or my newborn could contract TB." 3. "I should take supplemental pyridoxine during my pregnancy." 4. "I will not take any medications to treat my TB until I have delivered my baby."

3. "I should take supplemental pyridoxine during my pregnancy." Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is recommended for pregnant clients with TB infections to ensure the fetus gets necessary vitamins

Which statement indicates to the nurse the client using a vaginal contraceptive ring understands the birth control teaching? 1. "If the ring falls out during intercourse, I should get a new ring." 2. "I should insert the ring 30 minutes before having intercourse." 3. "I will remove the ring 3 weeks after I have inserted it." 4. "I should never use the ring continuously to stop my period."

3. "I will remove the ring 3 weeks after I have inserted it." The vaginal contraceptive ring works on the same principle that oral contraceptives work. It provides 21 days of hormone suppression, followed by 7 days to allow for menses. The ring slowly releases hormones that penetrate the vaginal mucosa and are absorbed by the blood and distributed throughout the body. The contraception occurs from systemic effects, not local effects in the vagina

The client who is pregnant is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which statement indicates to the nurse the client needs more teaching? 1. "I should increase my fluid and fiber when taking this medication." 2. "I will take a daily stool softener to prevent becoming constipated." 3. "If I notice that my stool becomes black or dark, I will call my obstetrician." 4. "I should take my iron tablet 2 hours after I eat."

3. "If i notice that my stool becomes black or dark, I will call my obstetrician." Ferrous sulfate (Feosol), an iron product, causes the stool to become black and tarry; therefore, the client would not need to notify the obstetrician

Which instructions should the nurse discuss with the client who is prescribed oral contraceptives for birth control? (Select all that apply) 1. "Never take more than one birth control pill a day." 2. "If breakthrough bleeding occurs, discontinue the pill." 3. "Take a missed pill as soon as you realize you have missed it." 4. "Antibiotics will decrease the ovulation suppression effect of the pill." 5. "Notify the HCP if you experience a severe headache."

3. "Take a missed pill as soon as you realize you have missed it." 4. "Antibiotics will decrease the ovulation suppression effect of the pill." 5. "Notify the HCP if you experience a severe headache." The client should be instructed to take any missed pill as soon as the omission is recognized; therefore, the client could and should take more than one pill in a day. To maintain ovulation suppression the client must take the medication routinely Antibiotics decrease the effectiveness of some oral contraceptives and a secondary form of birth control should be used during antibiotic therapy The client should be instructed to notify the HCP for a severe headache, which could indicate hypertension and a possible stroke

Which statement indicates to the nurse that the male client prescribed testosterone pellets for a low testosterone level understands the teaching concerning testosterone pellets? 1. "I need to take the pellets every day with food." 2. "I will need to have monthly testosterone levels drawn." 3. "The testosterone pellets will last for 3 to 6 months." 4. "I should notify the HCP if I have more spontaneous erections."

3. "The testosterone pellets will last for 3 to 6 months." Testosterone pellets (Testopel) last 3 to 6 months then dissolve

The nurse is caring for a newborn client who received naloxone hydrochloride IM at delivery. Which assessment data indicates the medication is effective? 1. Axillary temperature of 98.3F (36.8C) 2. Heart rate regular at 120 bpm 3. Respirations irregular at 40 breaths per minute 4. Blood pressure at 70/40 mm Hg

3. Respirations irregular at 40 breaths per minute Naloxone is administered to newborn clients with depressed respirations whose mother received opiates within 4 hours of birth and is determined to be effective when the newborn client's respirations are between 30 and 60 breaths per minute. The normal newborn has an irregular breathing pattern. It is important to remember the dose of naloxone may need to be repeated if respiratory effort does not improve or if the opiate has a longer half-life than naloxone

The 56-year-old female client tells the nurse that she is taking a herb Angelica sinensis (dong quai). Which data indicates to the nurse this medication is effective? 1. The client has normal menstrual cycles 2. The client does not have abdominal bloating 3. The client reports fewer hot flashes 4. The client has a normal bone density test

3. The client reports fewer hot flashes Dong quai is used for menopausal symptoms and premenstrual syndrome, but because the client is 56 years old the nurse should consider the medication effective when there is a lack of menopausal symptoms

The female client is taking clomiphene. Which statement indicates the client understands the risk of taking this medication? 1. "The medication may cause my child to have Down syndrome." 2. "There are very few risks associated with taking this medication." 3. "I should stagger the times that I take this medication." 4. "This medication may increase my chances of having twins."

4. "This medication may increase my chances of having twins." Clomiphene (Clomid), an estrogen antagonist, is an ovarian stimulant that promotes follicle maturation and ovulation. Many follicles can mature simultaneously, resulting in the increased possibility of multiple births

The nurse administers HCG intramuscularly to the female client who is infertile. Which instruction should the nurse discuss with the couple regarding this medication? (Select all that apply) 1. Explain the need to abstain from sexual intercourse for 14 days after receiving the medication 2. Instruct the male partner to wear boxer shorts while his female partner is taking HCG 3. Discuss taking the basal metabolic temperature and having sexual intercourse when it becomes elevated 2 degrees 4. Advise the couple to have intercourse on the eve of receiving medication and 3 days after receiving the medication 5. Notify the HCP if you experience swelling of the hands and legs, severe pelvic pain, or shortness of breath

4. Advise the couple to have intercourse on the eve of receiving medication and 3 days after receiving the medication 5. Notify the HCP if you experience swelling of the hands and legs, severe pelvic pain, or shortness of breath The couple should have sexual intercourse during this time because this is the probable period of ovulation Swelling of the hands and legs, severe pelvic pain, and shortness of breath can indicate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and the client should notify the HCP

Which client should the nurse recommend taking oral contraceptive pills for birth control? 1. The client who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day 2. The client who is taking an ACE inhibitor medication 3. The client who is 65" tall and weighs 100 kg 4. The client who has a family history of ovarian cancer

4. The client who has a family history of ovarian cancer Oral contraceptives decrease the risk for several disorders, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, pelvic inflammatory disease, premenstrual syndrome, toxic shock, fibrocystic breast disease, ovarian cysts, and anemia. In addition to providing birth control for the client, the client gets a secondary benefit of decreasing her risk for ovarian cancer

The client is prescribed a 28-day oral contraceptive pack. Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for this birth control product? 1. This causes longer intervals between menses 2. A hormone pill daily decreases cramping during menses 3. It is not as expensive as other birth control products 4. This ensures that the client will take a pill every day

4. This ensures that the client will take a pill every day This 28-day pack contains 21 days of hormone and 7 days of placebos. The client takes a pill every day. This eliminates the need for the woman to remember which day to restart taking the pill, as she would have to with a 21-day pack, with which the woman takes a pill for 21 days and then no pill for 7 days and then restarts a new pack