Research Methods Chapter 9
How many potential main effects are there in a 3 x 4 factorial design?
*Either 12, 4, or 2
In a 2 x 2 factorial design, when a main effect is significant
*not the other main effect should also be significant
In a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial design, how many conditions are there in the entire study?
12
Which of the following is most dissimilar to an ABAB design?
A case study
Which one of the following qualities is unique to single-case experimental design?
Can establish causality with only one subject
Which one of the following qualities is shared by both single-case experimental design and case studies? Rich data Can involve only one participant Systematic manipulation of the independent variable(s) Ease of generalizing findings to the general population
Can involve only one participant
Which of the following allows researchers to examine the effect of multiple independent variables simultaneously?
Factorial design
A factorial design with three independent variables has three possible interactions in total.
False
A quasi-experimental design is better at establishing causality than a fully experimental design.
False
A single-case experimental design uses the same methodology as a case study design.
False
Another name for the ABA design is a "reversal design", where the second step "B" involves measuring the dependent variable at baseline.
False
If a researcher were interested in studying how two independent variables work together to influence a dependent variable, the best design to use would be a higher order factorial design.
False
In a two by four design, there are six possible main effects.
False
Single-case experimental designs often produce findings that are as generalizable as other more common forms of experimental design.
False
The main effects in a factorial design are not significant if the interaction between them is not significant too.
False
When two main effects are significant, an interaction must be significant too.
False
Which of the following statements is not true? In a 2 x 2 between-subjects factorial design, there are two potential main effects. In a 2 x 2 x 2 between-subjects factorial design, there is one potential three-way interaction. In a 2 x 2 x 2 mixed-subjects factorial design, there are four two-way interactions. In a 3 x 2 mixed-subjects factorial design, one potential main effect is within-subjects.
In a 2 x 2 x 2 mixed-subjects factorial design, there are four two-way interactions.
Which of the following is an advantage of the ABAB design?
Increases the ability to rule out normal variability as an explanation for effects
What pattern of results does the graph below present of a 2 x 2 factorial design? (pattern of an "x" on the graph"
Interaction present but no main effects
Which of the following designs has the highest internal validity out of all the rest?
Multiple baseline design
Which of the following describes a characteristic of single-case experimental design that allows researchers to examine causal effects of the intervention?
Taking an initial baseline measure, followed by the intervention, then taking another measure after the intervention has worn off.
In a single-case experimental design, multiple exposures to the intervention could affect the responses of the subject. This is similar to ______________ of within-group designs.
The carryover effect
Which of the following is always true about a single-case experimental design?
The first measure taken from the subject is for the purpose of establishing baseline.
Which of the following is a most likely to be a drawback of a 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 factorial design?
The four-way interaction effect will be challenging to interpret.
In a 3 x 4 factorial design, what does "4" refer to?
The number of levels of the second independent variable.
A drawback of a higher order factorial design is that some interaction effects obtained could be difficult to interpret.
True
A single-case experimental design is able to establish causality.
True
A two by two by three factorial design would have twelve possible conditions in total.
True
In a 2 by 3 design, there are two possible main effects.
True
In an ABA design, the letter A refers to a baseline measure
True
Some quasi-experiment designs can also be known as correlational designs.
True
The multiple baseline approach
Varies the amount of time between each intervention and baseline measure.
In the ABAB design, the "B" refers to:
a measure assumed to reflect the effects of the intervention
In Fred's study, there are three levels of only one independent variable that also happens to be a participant variable. His study is:
a quasi-experimental design
While higher-order factorial designs allow the researcher to take more variables into consideration, a drawback is that the _________________ of some __________________ might be challenging to interpret.
complexity; interactions
Using a factorial design can increase the ________________________ of a study as compared to isolating the effect of a single independent variable in simpler experimental designs.
external validity
Jaime is running a study comparing the performances on monolinguals and bilinguals on memories for pictures. This study uses a _________________________ and is a _______________________.
not EIV, between subjects design*