Respiratory System

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Even after a forceful expiration, air still remains in the lungs for gas exchange to continue. This volume is about ________. 500 mL 2100 mL 4800 mL 1200 mL 6000 mL

1200 mL

Which of the following breathing rates represents eupnea? 14 breaths per minute 10 breaths per minute 5 breaths per minute 18 breaths per minute 24 breaths per minute

14 breaths per minute

Place the following structures in their correct order, from superficial to deep: 1. lungs 2. pleural cavity 3. visceral pleura 4. parietal pleura 2-1-4-3 1-2-3-4 4-2-3-1 2-3-4-1 3-2-4-1

4-2-3-1 parietal like the parental layer, most outter protective surface. visceral is underneath

Question 14:Pick the correct order for the path followed by an oxygen molecule as it travels from the outside to the lungs. 1. primary bronchi 2. laryngopharynx 3. nasal cavity 4. external nares 5. glottis 6. oropharynx 7. secondary bronchi 8. larynx 9. nasopharynx 10. trachea 4-3-9-6-2-5-8-10-1-7 4-3-9-6-5-2-8-10-7-1 4-9-3-6-2-5-8-1-10-7 6-9-2-3-5-4-10-8-1-7 6-3-9-4-5-2-8-10-1-7

4-3-9-6-2-5-8-10-1-7 ends with brachi and startes with "external" nares

The amount of air exchanged during normal quiet breathing is about ________. 500 mL 6000 mL 4800 mL 1200 mL 2100 mL

500 ml

Which of the choices below is not a functional process performed by the respiratory system? A) pulmonary ventilation B) transport of respiratory gases C) external respiration D) pulmonary respiration

A) pulmonary ventilation

The larynx contains ________. A) the thyroid cartilage B) a cricoid cartilage also called the Adam's apple C) an upper pair of avascular mucosal folds called true vocal folds D) lateral cartilage ridges called false vocal folds

A) the thyroid cartilage

Inspiratory capacity is ________. A) the total amount of air that can be inspired after a tidal expiration B) the total amount of exchangeable air C) functional residual capacity D) air inspired after a tidal inhalation

A) the total amount of air that can be inspired after a tidal expiration

Possible causes of hypoxia include ________. A) too little oxygen in the atmosphere B) obstruction of the esophagus C) taking several rapid deep breaths D) getting very cold

A) too little oxygen in the atmosphere

A. Protects the superior opening of the larynx during swallowing glottis or epiglottis B, Opening to the trachea situated between the vocal cords glottis or epiglottis

A. epiglottis epi = epic so it is the protector B. glottis glottis is the big opening. epiglottis too small for that (epi)

Part of the respiratory zone, these air sacs perform gas exchange Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles

Alveoli

Which of the following is not a form of lung cancer? A) adenocarcinoma B) Kaposi's sarcoma C) small cell carcinoma D) squamous cell carcinoma

B) Kaposi's sarcoma

Which of the following statements is incorrect? A) During fetal life, lungs are filled with fluid. B) Respiratory rate is lowest in newborn infants. C) Descent of the diaphragm results in abdominal breathing. D) The chest wall becomes more rigid with age.

B) Respiratory rate is lowest in newborn infants. definitely false, they come out kicking and screaming

Select the correct statement about the pharynx. A) The pharyngeal tonsil is located in the laryngopharynx B) The auditory tube drains into the nasopharynx. C) The laryngopharynx blends posteriorly into the nasopharynx. D) The palatine tonsils are embedded in the lateral walls of the nasopharynx

B) The auditory tube drains into the nasopharynx.

Which of the following provide the greatest surface area for gas exchange? A) alveolar sacs B) alveoli C) respiratory bronchioles D) alveolar ducts

B) alveoli

Which of the following is not an event necessary to supply the body with O2 and dispose of CO2? A) pulmonary ventilation B) blood pH adjustment C) internal respiration D) external respiration

B) blood pH adjustment

Which of the following does not influence the increase in ventilation that occurs as exercise is initiated? A) psychic stimuli B) decrease in lactic acid levels C) proprioceptors D) simultaneous cortical motor activation of the skeletal muscles and respiratory center

B) decrease in lactic acid levels

Respiratory control centers are located in the ________. A) midbrain and medulla B) medulla and pons C) pons and midbrain D) upper spinal cord and medulla

B) medulla and pons

Which one of the following is NOT true of inspiration? A) contraction of the diaphragm muscle helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity B) relaxation of the external intercostal muscles helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity C) increased intrapulmonary volume causes inhaled gases to spread out D) the decreased gas pressure produces a partial vacuum that forcibly sucks air in E) air continues to move into the lungs until intrapulmonary pressure equals atmospheric pressure

B) relaxation of the external intercostal muscles helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity

Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostal muscles. T or F

BIG FAT FALSE. passive betch

The statement, "in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of gases in the mixture" paraphrases ________.A) Henry's lawB) Boyle's lawC) Dalton's lawD) Charles' law

C. Dalton's Law i like dates (food and dates with michael) so remember dalton

Which of the following is a substance, found in cigarette smoke, that interferes with the ability of the blood to transport oxygen? Nitrogen Asbestos Carbon monoxide Nicotine Hydrogen cyanide

Carbon monoxide Hemoglobin has a much higher affinity for carbon monoxide than it does for oxygen, and will block the loading and transport of oxygen by hemoglobin. Someone exposed to CO needs to be placed in a 100% O2environment to help their recovery.

________ lining the mucosa of the trachea beat continuously to propel contaminated mucus to the throat. Coarse hairs Flagella Microvilli Cilia

Cilia

An accumulation of CO2 in the blood leads to an increase or decrease in PH?

Decrease (think like a drop in blood sugar or pressure, same with PH)

Is it Ascent or Descent of the diaphragm that results in abdominal breathing?

Descent

Which one of the following is NOT true of the lungs: A. the left lung has two lobes B. the right lung has three lobes C. the bases rest on the diaphragm D. the narrower portion of each lung is called the apex E. both lungs have two lobes

E. both lungs have two lobes the lungs are actually NOT identical twins!!!

Which of the following statements regarding expiration is FALSE? Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostal muscles. As the intrapulmonary volume decreases, the gases inside the lungs are forced more closely together. As the inspiratory muscles relax and assume their initial resting length, both the thoracic and intrapulmonary volumes decrease. If the respiratory passageways are narrowed by spasms of the bronchioles or clogged with mucus or fluid, expiration becomes an active process. The normal pressure within the pleural space (intrapleural pressure) is always negative.

Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostal muscles.

More CO2 carried in the RBCs than dissolved in the blood plasma. T or F

False! more dissolved in the blood plasma

Opening to the trachea situated between the vocal cords Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles

Glottis

Which of the following is NOT true during inspiration? The diaphragm contracts, moves inferiorly, and flattens out. Intrapulmonary volume increases. The external intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage and thrusting the sternum forward. Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric air pressure. Intrapulmonary air pressure decreases.

Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric air pressure. if this happens the lungs collapse

Routes air and food into their proper channels Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli

Larynx x marks the spot. one for food, one for air.

First tube to branch off of the trachea Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles

Main (primary) bronchus

When hemoglobin is bound to oxygen, it is called ___________. Oxyhemoglobin Reduced hemoglobin Carbamino-hemoglobin Deoxygenated hemoglobin Carboxyhemoglobin

Oxyhemoglobin

Rigid, patent airway reinforced with C-rings of hyaline cartilage Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli

Trachea (trachea has a "c" in it)

Expiration normally depends more on the natural elasticity of the lungs than on muscle contraction, and is mainly a passive process. T or F

True

More CO2 dissolved in the blood plasma than is carried in the RBCs. T or F

True. don't want that c02 being carried places

Ventilation is ________ and involves the movement of air, Respiration is ______ and involves the exchange of gases in the alveoli. match mechanical and physiological

Ventilation = mechanical Respiration = Physiological

Can you trace the path that air follows to reach the lungs? a. air enters nose or mouth b. air reaches small sacs called alveoli c. air travels down smaller and smaller bronchioles d. air travels down the trachea and then enters the bronchi

a. air enters nose or mouth d. air travels down the trachea and then enters the bronchi c. air travels down smaller and smaller bronchioles b. air reaches small sacs called alveoli

The respiratory membrane is a combination of ________. a. alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membranes b. atria and alveolar sacs c. respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts d. respiratory bronchioles and alveolar sacs

a. alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membranes

A. Passageway for both food and air; known as the "throat" pharynx, larynx B. Routes air and food into their proper channels pharynx, larynx

a. pharynx (passage = ) b. larynx

air in the respiratory zone (alveoli), which participates in gas exchange with the blood. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume

a. residual volume

air that remains in the lungs after the most strenuous expiration. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume

a. residual volume

The pitch of one's voice is determined by: a. the length and tension of vocal cords b. force of air

a. the length and tension of vocal cords

2 recognizable sounds can be heard with a stethoscope: bronchial sounds a. vesicular breathing sounds b. bronchial sounds -soft sounds of air filling the alveoli -produced by air rushing through the trachea and bronchi - over trachea

a. vesicular breathing sounds = -soft sounds of air filling the alveoli .... vesicular and alveoli (ravioli) sound like they go together b. bronchial sounds = -produced by air rushing through the trachea and bronchi - over trachea ...bronchial sounds intense so air "rushing" through

a. During inspiration, does the intrapulmonary volume increase or decrease? b. during inspiration, intrapulmonary air pressure increases or decreases?

a. volume increases b. air pressure decreases

Respiratory bronchioles eventually terminate in: A. glottis B. bronchioles C. diaphragm D. main (primary) bronchi E. alveoli

aleveoli

Gas exchange only happens in the _____

alveoli!!!!!!!! like aoli

The main stimulus for increasing the breathing rate and depth of the lungs involves _______. an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood a decrease in the level of oxygen in the blood a decrease in body temperature an increase in the level of oxygen in the blood an increase in blood pH

an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood

Is CO2 concentration greater in venous or arterial blood?

arterial

Gas crosses the membrane by ____ a. osmosis b. diffusion c. apoptosis d. endocytosis

b. diffusion

What is the most common transport method for carbon dioxide? deoxyhemoglobin carbon monoxideoxy hemoglobin bicarbonate ions

bicarbonate ions

The largest amount of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in the form of _______. dissolved carbon dioxide gas in the blood plasma oxyhemoglobin carbamino-hemoglobin carbonic acid bicarbonate ions

bicarbonate ions About 72% of the CO2 will be carried as bicarbonate ions. This is formed from the dissociation of carbonic acid into H+ ions and HCO3-in solution. The hydrogen ions are removed by buffers in the blood.

_____ opens into the windpipe and is responsible for the production of sound. While the ______ is a cartilaginous flap on top that prevents the food from entering into the larynx. match glottis and epiglottis

blank 1 = glottis blank 2 = epiglottis

what is eupnea?

breathing under normal resting conitions

The division of the trachea produces two tubes called the right and left main (primary) ________. bronchioles alveolar sacs alveolar ducts bronchi

bronchi

Smallest conducting passageways in the lungs Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles

bronchioles

is a respiratory disease caused by an inflammation of the walls of the bronchial tubes. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia

bronchitis

The respiratory membrane is the interface between________. a. air in the upper respiratory tract and air in the lower respiratory tract b. blood in capillaries and oxygen which enters cells for internal respiration c. air in alveoli and blood in capillaries d. oxygen bound to haemoglobin and oxygen dissolved in plasma

c. air in alveoli and blood in capillaries

Gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli is called ___________.a. internal respiration b. inhalation c. external respiration d. pulmonary ventilation

c. external respiration

The concentration of oxygen which is dissolved in the plasma is ________. a. due to oxygen which is combined with plasma carrier molecules b. about equal to the concentration of oxygen which is combined with haemoglobin c. much less than the total concentration of oxygen carried in the blood d. greater than the concentration of oxygen which is combined with haemoglobin

c. much less than the total concentration of oxygen carried in the blood

Intrapulmonary pressure is the ________. a. difference between atmospheric pressure and respiratory pressure b. pressure within the pleural cavity c. pressure within the alveoli of the lungs d. negative pressure in the intrapleural space

c. pressure within the alveoli of the lungs

____ is the sum of dead space volume and alveolar air. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume

c. tidal volume

The most important stimulus for breathing in a healthy person is the body's need to rid itself of the blood gas called ________. nitrous oxide oxygen methane carbon dioxide

carbon dioxide

In addition to the respiratory system, what other system shares the responsibility of supplying cells of the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide? reproductive system digestive system urinary system lymphatic system cardiovascular system

cardiovascular

Which statement about CO2 is incorrect? a. Its concentration in the blood is decreased by hyperventilation. b. Its accumulation in the blood is associated with a decrease in pH. c. More CO2 dissolves in the blood plasma than is carried in the RBCs. d. CO2 concentrations are greater in venous blood than arterial blood.

d. CO2 concentrations are greater in venous blood than arterial blood. (before sending it out to the tissues the blood has a lot of oxygen)

________________ is air in the conducting airways that does not participate in gas exchange between the alveoli and blood. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume

d. dead space volume

Complete the following statement using the choices below. Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is a. equal to the pressure in the atmosphere. b. greater than the intra-alveolar pressure .c. less than the pressure in the atmosphere. d. greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.

d. greater than the pressure in the atmosphere. too heavy gotta get it out

Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by ________. a. humidifying the air before it enters b. protecting the surface of alveoli from dehydration and other environmental variations c. warming the air before it enters d. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid

d. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid

Which of the factors below determines the direction of respiratory gas movement? a. solubility in water b. temperature c. molecular weight of the gas molecule d. partial pressure gradient

d. partial pressure gradient

The factors responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall are ________. a. the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles alone b. the smooth muscles of the lung c. the visceral pleurae and the changing volume of the lungs d. surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity

d. surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity

Concerning the movement of an inhaled oxygen molecule, which of the following sequences is correct? a. left atrium>trachea>alveolus>capillary b. alveolus>capillary>left atrium>trachea c. trachea>haemoglobin binding site>alveolus>left atrium d. trachea>alveolus>capillary>left atrium

d. trachea>alveolus>capillary>left atrium

Air that enters the respiratory tract and remains within the conducting zone passageways inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume

dead space volume "conducting zone" wants things out of its way but this "dead space" is in the way

Air that enters the respiratory tract and remains within the conducting zone passageways residual volume dead space volume

dead space volume dead space in conducting zone way

Oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the actual lung membrane surface into the pulmonary capillaries through _______. osmosis tidal air diffusion atmospheric pressure ATP

diffusion

the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs after a tidal expiration. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume

e. expiratory reserve volume

The condition whereby the respiratory alveoli become enlarged and may be replaced by fibrous tissue is known as _______. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia

emphysema

loss of elasticity by the lungs sudden infant death syndrome - emphysema - cystic fibrosis - cleft palate - asthma -

emphysema -

Protects the superior opening of the larynx during swallowing Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles

epiglottis

The cartilaginous flap that closes the trachea during swallowing is called the

epiglottis

The flap of tissue that closes to prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing is the _______. thyroid cartilage hyoid bone epiglottis arytenoid cartilages pharynx

epiglottis

The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT ________. allow air to reach the lungs exchange gases purify air humidify air warm incoming air

exchange gases

The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT ________. exchange gases purify air allow air to reach the lungs humidify air warm incoming air

exchange gases

The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT ________. exchange gases purify air warm incoming air allow air to reach the lungs humidify air

exchange gases

Amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal tidal expiration inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume

expiratory reserve volume

is the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs after a tidal expiration. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity

expiratory reserve volume

Gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli is called ________. pulmonary ventilation external respiration internal respiration inhalation

external respiration

Gas exchange occurring between the pulmonary blood and alveoli internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation

external respiration remember aeoli sauce is from the outside world so external respiration makes sense

Oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation

external respiration unloading to the external environment

the loudness of someone's voice is determined by: a. the length and tension of vocal cords b. force of air

force of air loud = force .... intense together

Air must pass through this slit-like opening between the vocal cords in the larynx to enter the trachea. concha sinus glottis alveoulus palate

glottis

The opening between the vocal cords is called the ________. esophagus larynx epiglottis thyroid cartilage glottis

glottis

The opening between the vocal cords is called the ________. epiglottis thyroid cartilage larynx glottis esophagus

glottis

When breathing in, air enters the trachea through the ________. esophagus epiglottis thyroid cartilage glottis

glottis

What is the relative pressure in the lungs during expiration? lower than intrapleural pressure lower than atmospheric air pressure the same as atmospheric air pressure higher than atmospheric air

higher than atmospheric air

Question 12:Which of the following would increase the pH of blood leading to alkalosis? hyperventilating holding your breath breathing in a brown paper bag exercising

hyperventilating The amount of carbonic acid in the blood decreases substantially during hyperventilation, leading to an increase in pH and alkalosis.

In order to return acidic blood pH to normal, breathing becomes deeper and more rapid, a phenomenon known as ________. dyspnea hypoventilation hyperventilation apnea

hyperventilation

Where are the alveoli found? in the conducting zone in the bronchioles in the pleural cavity in the lungs

in the lungs

The most important chemical stimulus leading to increased rate and depth of breathing is ________. increased blood pH decreased oxygen level in the blood increased carbon dioxide in the blood decreased carbon dioxide in the blood increased hydrogen ion in the blood

increased carbon dioxide in the blood

Hyperventilation is the body's response to ________. alkalosis increased oxygen levels in the blood increased blood pH decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood

increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood

The abbreviation IRDS stands for ________. intermittent respiratory disease syndrome infant respiratory disease syndrome infant respiratory distress syndrome infant respiratory disease state intermittent respiratory distress state

infant respiratory distress syndrome

Amount of air that can be inhaled forcibly over the tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume

inspiratory reserve volume

is the amount of air that can be taken into the lungs over the tidal volume. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity

inspiratory reserve volume

Oxygen is unloaded from the blood stream and diffuses into surrounding cells and tissues during ________. external respiration respiratory gas transport internal respiration pulmonary ventilation tidal volume

internal respiration

The gas exchange that occurs between blood and tissue cells at systemic capillaries is called ________. respiratory gas transport expiration external respiration pulmonary ventilation internal respiration

internal respiration

Gas exchange occurring between systemic capillaries and surrounding cells and tissues internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation

internal respiration key word "systemic" so inside the body

The ________ routes air and food into their proper channels and plays a role in speech. pharynx larynx tongue nasal conchae

larynx

What is the relative pressure in the lungs during inspiration? lower than intrapleural pressure lower than atmospheric air pressure the same as atmospheric air pressure higher than atmospheric air

lower than atmospheric air pressure **you inspire people at their low point**

Name the brain center that sets the basic rhythm of inspiration and expiration. pons medulla cerebrum corpus collasum

medulla

What part of the respiratory passageway primarily functions to warm, humidify, and filter inhaled air? larynx trachea nasopharynx nasal cavity

nasal cavity

Air from the nasal cavity enters the superior portion of the pharynx called the ________. oropharynx nasopharynx tracheopharynx palatopharynx laryngopharynx

nasopharynx

The pharynogotympanic tubes, which drain the middle ear, open into the ________. tracheopharynx oropharynx laryngopharynx palatopharynx nasopharynx

nasopharynx

intrapleural pressure is always _____ and keeps the lung from collapsing positive negative

negative

In gas exchange, _______ enters the blood, and ______ enters the alveoli

oxygen, carbon dioxide

The partition that separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity below is called the _______. palate concha nasal septum thyroid cartilige apiglottis

palate palate = partition double P

The ________ tonsil, or adenoid, is located high in the nasopharynx region. pharyngeal palatine lingual laryngeal

pharyngeal says it in definition

Passageway for both food and air; known as the "throat" Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli

pharynx

What muscular passageway serves as a common passageway for food and air? glottis larynx pharynx trachea esophogus

pharynx

The regulation of the activity of the breathing muscles, the diaphragm and external intercostals, is controlled by nerve impulses transmitted from the brain via the ________ and ________ nerves. phrenic; intercostal cranial; spinal trochlear; trigeminal splanchic; sacral

phrenic; intercostal phrenic = diaphram "double p"

What keeps the visceral and parietal pleural membranes in contact with each other while also permitting these membranes to slide from side to side? pleural fluid surfactant basement membrane elastic fibers

pleural fluid

a respiratory disorder caused by an inflammation of the pleural membranes. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia

pleurisy

a respiratory disorder caused by fluid accumulating in the alveoli of the lungs. also caused by a bacteria. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia

pneumonia that is why you get that rattle in your chest when you breathe it's the fluid w/pnemonia

Where are respiratory control centers located? cortex lungs pons and medulla hypothalamus

pons and medulla

Which one of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory zone: A. alveoli B. alveolar sacs C. respiratory bronchioles D. primary bronchi

primary bronchi

Air must move into and out of the lungs so that the gases in the alveoli of the lungs are continuously refreshed. pulmonary ventilation inspiration expiration respiratory gas transport

pulmonary ventilation

Breathing in and out while at rest internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation

pulmonary ventilation

What term describes the movement of air into and out of the lungs? external respiration pulmonary ventilation cellular respiration internal respiration

pulmonary ventilation

breathing in and out while at rest internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation

pulmonary ventilation

inspiration and expiration internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation

pulmonary ventilation

Air that remains in the lungs even after the most strenuous expiration inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume

residual volume

What term refers to the air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation? expiratory reserve volume dead space volume residual volume vital capacity

residual volume

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main events of respiration? external respiration internal respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation residual volume

residual volume

Air that remains in the lungs even after the most strenuous expiration residual volume dead space volume

residual volume residing and resting after exercise

Movement of carbon dioxide and oxygen through the blood internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation

respiratory gas transport just very generic!

Exchange of both oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory membrane occurs by ________. facilitated diffusion simple diffusion active transport osmosis endocytosis

simple diffusion

Micah visits his doctor complaining of a frontal headache and pressure over his cheekbones and eyes. He is congested and has a nasal discharge. Micah's voice has an odd nasal sound. What is the doctor's diagnosis of Micah's condition? pleurisy tonsillitis rhinitis sinusitis

sinusitis

The posterior portion of the palate that is not supported by bone is called the ________. paranasal sinus hard palate epiglottis soft palate

soft palate

Following the removal of the larynx, a person would be unable to: A. sneeze B. hear C. eat D. breathe E. speak

speak

Which of the following respiratory system disorders or defects is INCORRECTLY paired with its brief description? sudden infant death syndrome - inadequate production of surfactant emphysema - loss of elasticity by the lungs cystic fibrosis - oversecretion of mucus cleft palate - bones forming the hard palate fail to fuse medially asthma - hypersensitivity to an irritant

sudden infant death syndrome - inadequate production of surfactant

What fatty molecule is made by alveolar cells to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse between breaths? mucus surfactant nicotine sebum

surfactant

Expiration (exhalation) occurs when ________. intrapulmonary pressure decreases the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax intrapulmonary volume increases air moves into the lungs the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract

the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax

What part of the larynx is commonly called the Adam's apple? glottis trachea thyroid cartilage vocal folds (true vocal cords) epiglottis

thyroid cartilage the adams apple is a lump so seems like it would be cartilige

________ is the amount of air moved into and out of the lungs with each breath during normal quiet breathing. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity

tidal volume

The mucosa-lined windpipe that extends from the larynx to the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra is called the ________. main (primary) bronchus nasopharynx trachea oropharynx

trachea

What is the role of bicarbonate ion in gas transport? activates hemoglobin transports most of the carbon dioxide transports most of the oxygen eliminates carbon monoxide

transports most of the carbon dioxide

______ is a respiratory disorder caused by the infection of the lungs by the bacterium species, Mycobacterium ________ bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia

tuberculosis (TB)

The serous membrane covering the surface of the lungs is called the ________. pleurisy mediastinum parietal pleura visceral pleura main (primary) bronchi

visceral pleura

Sum total of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume

vital capacity

The respiratory movement representing the total amount of exchangeable air is the ________. inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity

vital capacity

What is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs called? the total amount of exchangeable air in the lungs. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity

vital capacity

Folds of mucous membrane called ________ vibrate to provide speech. hyaline cartilage rings epiglottis vocal folds (true vocal cords) uvula

vocal folds (true vocal cords)

Folds of mucous membrane called ________ vibrate to provide speech. hyaline cartilage rings vocal folds (true vocal cords) epiglottis uvula

vocal folds (true vocal cords)


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