Respiratory System
Even after a forceful expiration, air still remains in the lungs for gas exchange to continue. This volume is about ________. 500 mL 2100 mL 4800 mL 1200 mL 6000 mL
1200 mL
Which of the following breathing rates represents eupnea? 14 breaths per minute 10 breaths per minute 5 breaths per minute 18 breaths per minute 24 breaths per minute
14 breaths per minute
Place the following structures in their correct order, from superficial to deep: 1. lungs 2. pleural cavity 3. visceral pleura 4. parietal pleura 2-1-4-3 1-2-3-4 4-2-3-1 2-3-4-1 3-2-4-1
4-2-3-1 parietal like the parental layer, most outter protective surface. visceral is underneath
Question 14:Pick the correct order for the path followed by an oxygen molecule as it travels from the outside to the lungs. 1. primary bronchi 2. laryngopharynx 3. nasal cavity 4. external nares 5. glottis 6. oropharynx 7. secondary bronchi 8. larynx 9. nasopharynx 10. trachea 4-3-9-6-2-5-8-10-1-7 4-3-9-6-5-2-8-10-7-1 4-9-3-6-2-5-8-1-10-7 6-9-2-3-5-4-10-8-1-7 6-3-9-4-5-2-8-10-1-7
4-3-9-6-2-5-8-10-1-7 ends with brachi and startes with "external" nares
The amount of air exchanged during normal quiet breathing is about ________. 500 mL 6000 mL 4800 mL 1200 mL 2100 mL
500 ml
Which of the choices below is not a functional process performed by the respiratory system? A) pulmonary ventilation B) transport of respiratory gases C) external respiration D) pulmonary respiration
A) pulmonary ventilation
The larynx contains ________. A) the thyroid cartilage B) a cricoid cartilage also called the Adam's apple C) an upper pair of avascular mucosal folds called true vocal folds D) lateral cartilage ridges called false vocal folds
A) the thyroid cartilage
Inspiratory capacity is ________. A) the total amount of air that can be inspired after a tidal expiration B) the total amount of exchangeable air C) functional residual capacity D) air inspired after a tidal inhalation
A) the total amount of air that can be inspired after a tidal expiration
Possible causes of hypoxia include ________. A) too little oxygen in the atmosphere B) obstruction of the esophagus C) taking several rapid deep breaths D) getting very cold
A) too little oxygen in the atmosphere
A. Protects the superior opening of the larynx during swallowing glottis or epiglottis B, Opening to the trachea situated between the vocal cords glottis or epiglottis
A. epiglottis epi = epic so it is the protector B. glottis glottis is the big opening. epiglottis too small for that (epi)
Part of the respiratory zone, these air sacs perform gas exchange Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles
Alveoli
Which of the following is not a form of lung cancer? A) adenocarcinoma B) Kaposi's sarcoma C) small cell carcinoma D) squamous cell carcinoma
B) Kaposi's sarcoma
Which of the following statements is incorrect? A) During fetal life, lungs are filled with fluid. B) Respiratory rate is lowest in newborn infants. C) Descent of the diaphragm results in abdominal breathing. D) The chest wall becomes more rigid with age.
B) Respiratory rate is lowest in newborn infants. definitely false, they come out kicking and screaming
Select the correct statement about the pharynx. A) The pharyngeal tonsil is located in the laryngopharynx B) The auditory tube drains into the nasopharynx. C) The laryngopharynx blends posteriorly into the nasopharynx. D) The palatine tonsils are embedded in the lateral walls of the nasopharynx
B) The auditory tube drains into the nasopharynx.
Which of the following provide the greatest surface area for gas exchange? A) alveolar sacs B) alveoli C) respiratory bronchioles D) alveolar ducts
B) alveoli
Which of the following is not an event necessary to supply the body with O2 and dispose of CO2? A) pulmonary ventilation B) blood pH adjustment C) internal respiration D) external respiration
B) blood pH adjustment
Which of the following does not influence the increase in ventilation that occurs as exercise is initiated? A) psychic stimuli B) decrease in lactic acid levels C) proprioceptors D) simultaneous cortical motor activation of the skeletal muscles and respiratory center
B) decrease in lactic acid levels
Respiratory control centers are located in the ________. A) midbrain and medulla B) medulla and pons C) pons and midbrain D) upper spinal cord and medulla
B) medulla and pons
Which one of the following is NOT true of inspiration? A) contraction of the diaphragm muscle helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity B) relaxation of the external intercostal muscles helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity C) increased intrapulmonary volume causes inhaled gases to spread out D) the decreased gas pressure produces a partial vacuum that forcibly sucks air in E) air continues to move into the lungs until intrapulmonary pressure equals atmospheric pressure
B) relaxation of the external intercostal muscles helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity
Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostal muscles. T or F
BIG FAT FALSE. passive betch
The statement, "in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of gases in the mixture" paraphrases ________.A) Henry's lawB) Boyle's lawC) Dalton's lawD) Charles' law
C. Dalton's Law i like dates (food and dates with michael) so remember dalton
Which of the following is a substance, found in cigarette smoke, that interferes with the ability of the blood to transport oxygen? Nitrogen Asbestos Carbon monoxide Nicotine Hydrogen cyanide
Carbon monoxide Hemoglobin has a much higher affinity for carbon monoxide than it does for oxygen, and will block the loading and transport of oxygen by hemoglobin. Someone exposed to CO needs to be placed in a 100% O2environment to help their recovery.
________ lining the mucosa of the trachea beat continuously to propel contaminated mucus to the throat. Coarse hairs Flagella Microvilli Cilia
Cilia
An accumulation of CO2 in the blood leads to an increase or decrease in PH?
Decrease (think like a drop in blood sugar or pressure, same with PH)
Is it Ascent or Descent of the diaphragm that results in abdominal breathing?
Descent
Which one of the following is NOT true of the lungs: A. the left lung has two lobes B. the right lung has three lobes C. the bases rest on the diaphragm D. the narrower portion of each lung is called the apex E. both lungs have two lobes
E. both lungs have two lobes the lungs are actually NOT identical twins!!!
Which of the following statements regarding expiration is FALSE? Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostal muscles. As the intrapulmonary volume decreases, the gases inside the lungs are forced more closely together. As the inspiratory muscles relax and assume their initial resting length, both the thoracic and intrapulmonary volumes decrease. If the respiratory passageways are narrowed by spasms of the bronchioles or clogged with mucus or fluid, expiration becomes an active process. The normal pressure within the pleural space (intrapleural pressure) is always negative.
Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostal muscles.
More CO2 carried in the RBCs than dissolved in the blood plasma. T or F
False! more dissolved in the blood plasma
Opening to the trachea situated between the vocal cords Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles
Glottis
Which of the following is NOT true during inspiration? The diaphragm contracts, moves inferiorly, and flattens out. Intrapulmonary volume increases. The external intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage and thrusting the sternum forward. Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric air pressure. Intrapulmonary air pressure decreases.
Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric air pressure. if this happens the lungs collapse
Routes air and food into their proper channels Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli
Larynx x marks the spot. one for food, one for air.
First tube to branch off of the trachea Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles
Main (primary) bronchus
When hemoglobin is bound to oxygen, it is called ___________. Oxyhemoglobin Reduced hemoglobin Carbamino-hemoglobin Deoxygenated hemoglobin Carboxyhemoglobin
Oxyhemoglobin
Rigid, patent airway reinforced with C-rings of hyaline cartilage Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli
Trachea (trachea has a "c" in it)
Expiration normally depends more on the natural elasticity of the lungs than on muscle contraction, and is mainly a passive process. T or F
True
More CO2 dissolved in the blood plasma than is carried in the RBCs. T or F
True. don't want that c02 being carried places
Ventilation is ________ and involves the movement of air, Respiration is ______ and involves the exchange of gases in the alveoli. match mechanical and physiological
Ventilation = mechanical Respiration = Physiological
Can you trace the path that air follows to reach the lungs? a. air enters nose or mouth b. air reaches small sacs called alveoli c. air travels down smaller and smaller bronchioles d. air travels down the trachea and then enters the bronchi
a. air enters nose or mouth d. air travels down the trachea and then enters the bronchi c. air travels down smaller and smaller bronchioles b. air reaches small sacs called alveoli
The respiratory membrane is a combination of ________. a. alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membranes b. atria and alveolar sacs c. respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts d. respiratory bronchioles and alveolar sacs
a. alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membranes
A. Passageway for both food and air; known as the "throat" pharynx, larynx B. Routes air and food into their proper channels pharynx, larynx
a. pharynx (passage = ) b. larynx
air in the respiratory zone (alveoli), which participates in gas exchange with the blood. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume
a. residual volume
air that remains in the lungs after the most strenuous expiration. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume
a. residual volume
The pitch of one's voice is determined by: a. the length and tension of vocal cords b. force of air
a. the length and tension of vocal cords
2 recognizable sounds can be heard with a stethoscope: bronchial sounds a. vesicular breathing sounds b. bronchial sounds -soft sounds of air filling the alveoli -produced by air rushing through the trachea and bronchi - over trachea
a. vesicular breathing sounds = -soft sounds of air filling the alveoli .... vesicular and alveoli (ravioli) sound like they go together b. bronchial sounds = -produced by air rushing through the trachea and bronchi - over trachea ...bronchial sounds intense so air "rushing" through
a. During inspiration, does the intrapulmonary volume increase or decrease? b. during inspiration, intrapulmonary air pressure increases or decreases?
a. volume increases b. air pressure decreases
Respiratory bronchioles eventually terminate in: A. glottis B. bronchioles C. diaphragm D. main (primary) bronchi E. alveoli
aleveoli
Gas exchange only happens in the _____
alveoli!!!!!!!! like aoli
The main stimulus for increasing the breathing rate and depth of the lungs involves _______. an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood a decrease in the level of oxygen in the blood a decrease in body temperature an increase in the level of oxygen in the blood an increase in blood pH
an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood
Is CO2 concentration greater in venous or arterial blood?
arterial
Gas crosses the membrane by ____ a. osmosis b. diffusion c. apoptosis d. endocytosis
b. diffusion
What is the most common transport method for carbon dioxide? deoxyhemoglobin carbon monoxideoxy hemoglobin bicarbonate ions
bicarbonate ions
The largest amount of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in the form of _______. dissolved carbon dioxide gas in the blood plasma oxyhemoglobin carbamino-hemoglobin carbonic acid bicarbonate ions
bicarbonate ions About 72% of the CO2 will be carried as bicarbonate ions. This is formed from the dissociation of carbonic acid into H+ ions and HCO3-in solution. The hydrogen ions are removed by buffers in the blood.
_____ opens into the windpipe and is responsible for the production of sound. While the ______ is a cartilaginous flap on top that prevents the food from entering into the larynx. match glottis and epiglottis
blank 1 = glottis blank 2 = epiglottis
what is eupnea?
breathing under normal resting conitions
The division of the trachea produces two tubes called the right and left main (primary) ________. bronchioles alveolar sacs alveolar ducts bronchi
bronchi
Smallest conducting passageways in the lungs Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles
bronchioles
is a respiratory disease caused by an inflammation of the walls of the bronchial tubes. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia
bronchitis
The respiratory membrane is the interface between________. a. air in the upper respiratory tract and air in the lower respiratory tract b. blood in capillaries and oxygen which enters cells for internal respiration c. air in alveoli and blood in capillaries d. oxygen bound to haemoglobin and oxygen dissolved in plasma
c. air in alveoli and blood in capillaries
Gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli is called ___________.a. internal respiration b. inhalation c. external respiration d. pulmonary ventilation
c. external respiration
The concentration of oxygen which is dissolved in the plasma is ________. a. due to oxygen which is combined with plasma carrier molecules b. about equal to the concentration of oxygen which is combined with haemoglobin c. much less than the total concentration of oxygen carried in the blood d. greater than the concentration of oxygen which is combined with haemoglobin
c. much less than the total concentration of oxygen carried in the blood
Intrapulmonary pressure is the ________. a. difference between atmospheric pressure and respiratory pressure b. pressure within the pleural cavity c. pressure within the alveoli of the lungs d. negative pressure in the intrapleural space
c. pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
____ is the sum of dead space volume and alveolar air. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume
c. tidal volume
The most important stimulus for breathing in a healthy person is the body's need to rid itself of the blood gas called ________. nitrous oxide oxygen methane carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
In addition to the respiratory system, what other system shares the responsibility of supplying cells of the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide? reproductive system digestive system urinary system lymphatic system cardiovascular system
cardiovascular
Which statement about CO2 is incorrect? a. Its concentration in the blood is decreased by hyperventilation. b. Its accumulation in the blood is associated with a decrease in pH. c. More CO2 dissolves in the blood plasma than is carried in the RBCs. d. CO2 concentrations are greater in venous blood than arterial blood.
d. CO2 concentrations are greater in venous blood than arterial blood. (before sending it out to the tissues the blood has a lot of oxygen)
________________ is air in the conducting airways that does not participate in gas exchange between the alveoli and blood. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume
d. dead space volume
Complete the following statement using the choices below. Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is a. equal to the pressure in the atmosphere. b. greater than the intra-alveolar pressure .c. less than the pressure in the atmosphere. d. greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.
d. greater than the pressure in the atmosphere. too heavy gotta get it out
Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by ________. a. humidifying the air before it enters b. protecting the surface of alveoli from dehydration and other environmental variations c. warming the air before it enters d. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
d. interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
Which of the factors below determines the direction of respiratory gas movement? a. solubility in water b. temperature c. molecular weight of the gas molecule d. partial pressure gradient
d. partial pressure gradient
The factors responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall are ________. a. the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles alone b. the smooth muscles of the lung c. the visceral pleurae and the changing volume of the lungs d. surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
d. surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
Concerning the movement of an inhaled oxygen molecule, which of the following sequences is correct? a. left atrium>trachea>alveolus>capillary b. alveolus>capillary>left atrium>trachea c. trachea>haemoglobin binding site>alveolus>left atrium d. trachea>alveolus>capillary>left atrium
d. trachea>alveolus>capillary>left atrium
Air that enters the respiratory tract and remains within the conducting zone passageways inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume
dead space volume "conducting zone" wants things out of its way but this "dead space" is in the way
Air that enters the respiratory tract and remains within the conducting zone passageways residual volume dead space volume
dead space volume dead space in conducting zone way
Oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the actual lung membrane surface into the pulmonary capillaries through _______. osmosis tidal air diffusion atmospheric pressure ATP
diffusion
the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs after a tidal expiration. a. residual volume b. alveolar air c. tidal volume d. dead space volume e. expiratory reserve volume
e. expiratory reserve volume
The condition whereby the respiratory alveoli become enlarged and may be replaced by fibrous tissue is known as _______. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia
emphysema
loss of elasticity by the lungs sudden infant death syndrome - emphysema - cystic fibrosis - cleft palate - asthma -
emphysema -
Protects the superior opening of the larynx during swallowing Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli bronchioles
epiglottis
The cartilaginous flap that closes the trachea during swallowing is called the
epiglottis
The flap of tissue that closes to prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing is the _______. thyroid cartilage hyoid bone epiglottis arytenoid cartilages pharynx
epiglottis
The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT ________. allow air to reach the lungs exchange gases purify air humidify air warm incoming air
exchange gases
The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT ________. exchange gases purify air allow air to reach the lungs humidify air warm incoming air
exchange gases
The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT ________. exchange gases purify air warm incoming air allow air to reach the lungs humidify air
exchange gases
Amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal tidal expiration inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume
expiratory reserve volume
is the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs after a tidal expiration. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity
expiratory reserve volume
Gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli is called ________. pulmonary ventilation external respiration internal respiration inhalation
external respiration
Gas exchange occurring between the pulmonary blood and alveoli internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation
external respiration remember aeoli sauce is from the outside world so external respiration makes sense
Oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation
external respiration unloading to the external environment
the loudness of someone's voice is determined by: a. the length and tension of vocal cords b. force of air
force of air loud = force .... intense together
Air must pass through this slit-like opening between the vocal cords in the larynx to enter the trachea. concha sinus glottis alveoulus palate
glottis
The opening between the vocal cords is called the ________. esophagus larynx epiglottis thyroid cartilage glottis
glottis
The opening between the vocal cords is called the ________. epiglottis thyroid cartilage larynx glottis esophagus
glottis
When breathing in, air enters the trachea through the ________. esophagus epiglottis thyroid cartilage glottis
glottis
What is the relative pressure in the lungs during expiration? lower than intrapleural pressure lower than atmospheric air pressure the same as atmospheric air pressure higher than atmospheric air
higher than atmospheric air
Question 12:Which of the following would increase the pH of blood leading to alkalosis? hyperventilating holding your breath breathing in a brown paper bag exercising
hyperventilating The amount of carbonic acid in the blood decreases substantially during hyperventilation, leading to an increase in pH and alkalosis.
In order to return acidic blood pH to normal, breathing becomes deeper and more rapid, a phenomenon known as ________. dyspnea hypoventilation hyperventilation apnea
hyperventilation
Where are the alveoli found? in the conducting zone in the bronchioles in the pleural cavity in the lungs
in the lungs
The most important chemical stimulus leading to increased rate and depth of breathing is ________. increased blood pH decreased oxygen level in the blood increased carbon dioxide in the blood decreased carbon dioxide in the blood increased hydrogen ion in the blood
increased carbon dioxide in the blood
Hyperventilation is the body's response to ________. alkalosis increased oxygen levels in the blood increased blood pH decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood
increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood
The abbreviation IRDS stands for ________. intermittent respiratory disease syndrome infant respiratory disease syndrome infant respiratory distress syndrome infant respiratory disease state intermittent respiratory distress state
infant respiratory distress syndrome
Amount of air that can be inhaled forcibly over the tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume
inspiratory reserve volume
is the amount of air that can be taken into the lungs over the tidal volume. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity
inspiratory reserve volume
Oxygen is unloaded from the blood stream and diffuses into surrounding cells and tissues during ________. external respiration respiratory gas transport internal respiration pulmonary ventilation tidal volume
internal respiration
The gas exchange that occurs between blood and tissue cells at systemic capillaries is called ________. respiratory gas transport expiration external respiration pulmonary ventilation internal respiration
internal respiration
Gas exchange occurring between systemic capillaries and surrounding cells and tissues internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation
internal respiration key word "systemic" so inside the body
The ________ routes air and food into their proper channels and plays a role in speech. pharynx larynx tongue nasal conchae
larynx
What is the relative pressure in the lungs during inspiration? lower than intrapleural pressure lower than atmospheric air pressure the same as atmospheric air pressure higher than atmospheric air
lower than atmospheric air pressure **you inspire people at their low point**
Name the brain center that sets the basic rhythm of inspiration and expiration. pons medulla cerebrum corpus collasum
medulla
What part of the respiratory passageway primarily functions to warm, humidify, and filter inhaled air? larynx trachea nasopharynx nasal cavity
nasal cavity
Air from the nasal cavity enters the superior portion of the pharynx called the ________. oropharynx nasopharynx tracheopharynx palatopharynx laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
The pharynogotympanic tubes, which drain the middle ear, open into the ________. tracheopharynx oropharynx laryngopharynx palatopharynx nasopharynx
nasopharynx
intrapleural pressure is always _____ and keeps the lung from collapsing positive negative
negative
In gas exchange, _______ enters the blood, and ______ enters the alveoli
oxygen, carbon dioxide
The partition that separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity below is called the _______. palate concha nasal septum thyroid cartilige apiglottis
palate palate = partition double P
The ________ tonsil, or adenoid, is located high in the nasopharynx region. pharyngeal palatine lingual laryngeal
pharyngeal says it in definition
Passageway for both food and air; known as the "throat" Pharynx Trachea Larynx Epiglottis Glottis Main (primary) bronchus Alveoli
pharynx
What muscular passageway serves as a common passageway for food and air? glottis larynx pharynx trachea esophogus
pharynx
The regulation of the activity of the breathing muscles, the diaphragm and external intercostals, is controlled by nerve impulses transmitted from the brain via the ________ and ________ nerves. phrenic; intercostal cranial; spinal trochlear; trigeminal splanchic; sacral
phrenic; intercostal phrenic = diaphram "double p"
What keeps the visceral and parietal pleural membranes in contact with each other while also permitting these membranes to slide from side to side? pleural fluid surfactant basement membrane elastic fibers
pleural fluid
a respiratory disorder caused by an inflammation of the pleural membranes. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia
pleurisy
a respiratory disorder caused by fluid accumulating in the alveoli of the lungs. also caused by a bacteria. bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia
pneumonia that is why you get that rattle in your chest when you breathe it's the fluid w/pnemonia
Where are respiratory control centers located? cortex lungs pons and medulla hypothalamus
pons and medulla
Which one of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory zone: A. alveoli B. alveolar sacs C. respiratory bronchioles D. primary bronchi
primary bronchi
Air must move into and out of the lungs so that the gases in the alveoli of the lungs are continuously refreshed. pulmonary ventilation inspiration expiration respiratory gas transport
pulmonary ventilation
Breathing in and out while at rest internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation
pulmonary ventilation
What term describes the movement of air into and out of the lungs? external respiration pulmonary ventilation cellular respiration internal respiration
pulmonary ventilation
breathing in and out while at rest internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation
pulmonary ventilation
inspiration and expiration internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation
pulmonary ventilation
Air that remains in the lungs even after the most strenuous expiration inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume
residual volume
What term refers to the air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation? expiratory reserve volume dead space volume residual volume vital capacity
residual volume
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main events of respiration? external respiration internal respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation residual volume
residual volume
Air that remains in the lungs even after the most strenuous expiration residual volume dead space volume
residual volume residing and resting after exercise
Movement of carbon dioxide and oxygen through the blood internal respiration external respiration respiratory gas transport pulmonary ventilation
respiratory gas transport just very generic!
Exchange of both oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory membrane occurs by ________. facilitated diffusion simple diffusion active transport osmosis endocytosis
simple diffusion
Micah visits his doctor complaining of a frontal headache and pressure over his cheekbones and eyes. He is congested and has a nasal discharge. Micah's voice has an odd nasal sound. What is the doctor's diagnosis of Micah's condition? pleurisy tonsillitis rhinitis sinusitis
sinusitis
The posterior portion of the palate that is not supported by bone is called the ________. paranasal sinus hard palate epiglottis soft palate
soft palate
Following the removal of the larynx, a person would be unable to: A. sneeze B. hear C. eat D. breathe E. speak
speak
Which of the following respiratory system disorders or defects is INCORRECTLY paired with its brief description? sudden infant death syndrome - inadequate production of surfactant emphysema - loss of elasticity by the lungs cystic fibrosis - oversecretion of mucus cleft palate - bones forming the hard palate fail to fuse medially asthma - hypersensitivity to an irritant
sudden infant death syndrome - inadequate production of surfactant
What fatty molecule is made by alveolar cells to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse between breaths? mucus surfactant nicotine sebum
surfactant
Expiration (exhalation) occurs when ________. intrapulmonary pressure decreases the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax intrapulmonary volume increases air moves into the lungs the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract
the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
What part of the larynx is commonly called the Adam's apple? glottis trachea thyroid cartilage vocal folds (true vocal cords) epiglottis
thyroid cartilage the adams apple is a lump so seems like it would be cartilige
________ is the amount of air moved into and out of the lungs with each breath during normal quiet breathing. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity
tidal volume
The mucosa-lined windpipe that extends from the larynx to the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra is called the ________. main (primary) bronchus nasopharynx trachea oropharynx
trachea
What is the role of bicarbonate ion in gas transport? activates hemoglobin transports most of the carbon dioxide transports most of the oxygen eliminates carbon monoxide
transports most of the carbon dioxide
______ is a respiratory disorder caused by the infection of the lungs by the bacterium species, Mycobacterium ________ bronchitis tuberculosis (TB) emphysema pleurisy pneumonia
tuberculosis (TB)
The serous membrane covering the surface of the lungs is called the ________. pleurisy mediastinum parietal pleura visceral pleura main (primary) bronchi
visceral pleura
Sum total of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity residual volume
vital capacity
The respiratory movement representing the total amount of exchangeable air is the ________. inspiratory reserve volume tidal volume expiratory reserve volume dead space volume vital capacity
vital capacity
What is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs called? the total amount of exchangeable air in the lungs. inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume tidal volume residual volume vital capacity
vital capacity
Folds of mucous membrane called ________ vibrate to provide speech. hyaline cartilage rings epiglottis vocal folds (true vocal cords) uvula
vocal folds (true vocal cords)
Folds of mucous membrane called ________ vibrate to provide speech. hyaline cartilage rings vocal folds (true vocal cords) epiglottis uvula
vocal folds (true vocal cords)
