Restriction Enzymes
What does it mean if a restriction enzymes if class II?
it was discovered second
What are the 2 types of fragment ends?
1. Sticky 2. Blunt
How long are restriction sites?
4-6 base pairs long
What bonds do class II restriction enzymes ALWAYS break?
Covalent Bonds
How do you attach restriction fragments to each other?
DNA Ligase
What is the word used for when a retriction enzymes cuts DNA?
Digest
What bonds do class II restriction enzymes SOMETIMES break?
Hydrogen bonds
Where do restriction enzymes cut?
In the middle of DNA molecules in a specific site
What does it mean if the enzymes if 'endonuclease'?
It cuts in the inside in the middle
What does it mean if an enzymes of "exonuclease'?
It cuts outside by removing the ntds from the temomeres
What are restriction enzymes like?
Molecular Scissors
What are Restriction enzymes used for in daily life?
Recombinant DNA (humulin) DNA Profiling (murder/rape, paternity, Identify Remains)
What is another name for restriction enzymes?
Restriction Endonucleases
What is unique about restriction sites?
They are palindromes
What bonds can sticky ends form and with what?
They can form hydrogen bonds with other complementary fragments
What is unique about restriction enzymes?
They have an evolutionary defense against bacteriophages
What produced restriction enzymes?
Bacterial Cells
What bonds do restriction enzymes break?
Breaks phosphodiester bonds and hydrogen bonds
What does it mean if the fragment is sticky?
The enzyme breaks phosphodiester and hydrogen bonds
What does it mean if the fragment is blunt?
The enzyme only breaks only phosphodiester bonds
What is the cutting criteria of class II restriction enzymes?
Unmethylated Double Stranded DNA
What are bacteriophages?
Viruses that attack bacterial cells
