Role Conflict

isostrain

Researchers have proposed that the original demand control model incorporate the notion of social support According to the DC/S model, job strain is highest when - demands are high, - control is low - social support is low - Referred to as iso-strain ! Exponential increases across age for all iso- strain groups ! Differences between iso- strain groups over time

work roles

Roles = Behavioral expectations ! Conflict and confusion related to social expectations can lead to distress, based on social role theorRoles = Behavioral expectations

Four types of jobs

DC Model: 4 Types of Jobs Psychological Demands LOW HIGH When Control = Demands Learning, motivation, enjoyment Low-strain Active Passive High-strain HIGH Decision Latitude (Control)

inter sender conflict

! Twoormorepeoplecommunicate conflicting expectations

person-role conflict

! Values annd/orbeliefs conflict with role expectations

role ambiguity and outcomes

-Creates uncertainty and unpredictability - Major source of occupational stress for many professionals

The Demand control model of occ stress

-Decision-latitude / Control: authority over decisions and skill discretion -Psychological demands: the amount of psychological effort required to do your job

Inter-role conflict

! Conflictbetweentwoormoreroles

Role Ambiguity

-Inadequate or misleading information about how to do the job =Lack of information about role expectations =Unclear or confusing information about expectations =Uncertainty about how to meet the expectations =Uncertainty about the consequences of meeting (or not meeting) expectations

Role Conflict

Occurs when expectations are incompatible -Intra-sender: single person communicates conflicting expectations -Inter-sender: two or more people communicate conflicting expectations about the same role -Person-role: values and/or beliefs conflict with role expectations -Inter-role: conflict between two or more roles

correlates/moderators locus of control/self efficacy

Meier et al. (2008) -Based on weak support for demand-control interactions, they examined three way interaction effects on strain with internal resources (self-efficacy, locus of control), demands, and control.

Intra Sender conflict

Single person communicates conflicting expectations

role underload

Skills and abilities are underutilized Associated with low-control jobs (Karasek & Theorell, 1990) Unchallenging work associated with adverse strain (Decker & Borgen, 1993) Recall Yerkes-Dodson Law (performance and stress relationship

Role Demands

role-based expectations that place demands on a persons energy, skills, and other resources role ambiguity

Role Overload

too many expectations ! Quantitative ! Qualitative