RPOC; Reformed Unit Test Review
What were the goals of Guido?
1. Show what they shared with Catholics (Creeds and scripture) 2: Show differences of them and catholics 3: Show how they differed from Anabaptists
When did Zwingly start reforming?
1516
WHen did Luther start reforming?
1517
When and where did the Protestant Reformation begin?
1517 in Wittenberg, Germany
When did Calvin start reforming?
1530s
When was Belgic Confession written?
1561
When was the Belgic Confession created?
1561
When was the Heidelberg Catechism written?
1563
What commandment was broken by using statues and images?
2nd; no creating graven image
How many lessons are in the Heidelberg catechism?
52
Mass (definition)
A Roman Catholic Church service in which Jesus' body is prepared and sacrificed for the faithful to share in and celebrate the Lord's Supper
What is Heidelberg?
A city in Germany
When was the Apostles creed written?
AD 390
What are two things about covenants?
Agreement between God and man, man cannot keep his side up, God wants us in covenants, and God always holds up his end.
What was the Catholic Inquisition?
Arresting all non-Catholics
John Calvin
Bookworm; translated the bible; wrote commentaries on 65/66 books; preached 2 sermons per day
Weakness of Apostle's Creed
Brief, so some stuff is missing from it
Transubstantiation (Definition)
In the Lord's Supper, it's the conversion of the whole substance of the bread and wine into the whole substance of the Body and Blood of Christ.
What three things do we believe about salvation?
It is a gift, it comes at a price that we cannot pay, and it depends on God.
What do we believe about the Bible?
It is the foundation of our belief.
Who gets largest description in Apostle's Creed
Jesus
What was Luther's problem with Indulgences?
Luther knew that Christ fully pays for sin and forgives us fully, and the Bible doesn't talk about them
What was Luther's job before he became the leader of the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther was a German monk and a Professor of Theology at University of Wittenberg.
What historical figures are mentioned in the A. Creed
Mary and Pilate
Saint (definition)
One who is close to God because of what Jesus has done for them and for what they have done for God
What are 3 things that Protestant denominations share?
Originate from R.C. Church, come from Western Europe, and began because of the Reformation
What is another form of Christianity that isn't Protestant or Catholic?
Orthodox
Who is in charge of Salvation according to the Council of Trent?
Pope and Church officals
What inventions helped the Reformation?
Printing press; translation into common dialects
Purgatory (Rejection)
Protestants believe that Jesus death and resurrection justifies us with God and that in some way physical death completes our sanctification process (Romans 6:5-7), purgatory is not explicitly [or implicitly] taught in Scripture. Therefore, through the atoning death of Jesus (and our own- (Rom. 6:7) the place of purgatory isn't needed.
Pope (rejections)
Protestants believe that Jesus is with his people wherever and whenever they practice his teachings and study his Word (Scripture). No official Pope is needed nor could take priority over Scripture.
Saint (Rejection)
Protestants didn't think this made sense in Scripture (Romans 4), and that we had no salvific merit outside of Christ. The Bible uses the word saints to also describe members of churches that still struggled with sin
Transubstantiation (rejections)
Protestants have disagreed that Christ is re-sacrificed or physically present in the Bread and Wine (elements).
Celibacy (Rejection)
Protestants have rejected it as a requirement for office holding within the church. Most Protestant leaders were married. Jesus and Paul [and maybe John the Baptist] (as far as we can tell from Scripture) never married
Mass (rejections)
Protestants reject the idea that Jesus can/needs to be re-sacrificed by us. His one and unique act on the cross can be remembered and lived out, but cannot be replicated for effective purposes
What 2 hings did the Council of Trent affirm?
Purgatory is real; they denied justification through faith and instead justification through works
what accent does Illiana speak?
Reformed Accent
Celibacy (definition)
Remaining single (unmarried) for religious reasons.
What do we call the church located in Western Europe in early 1500s?
Roman Catholic Church
What kinds of things did the protestants destroy?
Sculptures, paintings, and stain glass windows
What are the three parts of the Heidelberg catechism?
Sin, Salvation, Service
Zwingly
Started Reforming by teaching New Testament and eating sausage on Friday.
Pope (definition)
Supreme head on earth of the universal (catholic) church.
What does Aritcle 19 say?
That Jesus is fully God and fully man and is therefore able to fullfill God's plans
What did the Roman Catholic church do to stop the Reformation?
They excommunicated, killed, and imprisoned/harmed people
Why did the Council of Trent think it was not idolatry to put pictures and statues up of the cross?
They saw them as being useful for following examples and for thanking God.
Who wrote the Heidelberg catechism?
Zacharius Ursinus and Caspar Olevianus
What is a catechism?
a religious teaching tool
What was an indulgence?
release from all or part of the punishment for sin; helps to sanctify someone faster
Who did Caspar Alevianus study under?
Calvin
Who did Zacharius Ursinus study under?
Calvin
Who were the catechisms meant to teach?
Children and common folk
What was the 18 year long reformation meeting? What are its dates?
Council of Trent, 1545-1563
How did Luther find freedom in his crisis of faith?
He discovered forgiveness by faith alone.
What is Luther's spiritual crisis?
He felt guilty for his sin, but he couldn't ever feel free from sin or couldn't feel like he had been forgiven.
The apostle's creed distinguishes what from what?
Heretics (lies) from Orthodox (correct)
What was Luther attempting to reform?
His many concerns about the Church's practices. Among these are indulgences, Church doctrine, power of the Pope, separation of Church and State, Purgatory, and many others that go against what the Bible instructs.
Who does Illiana partner with?
Homes and church
What is the work of the Son?
Dying, resurrecting, and coming again
Strengths of Apostle's Creed
Easy to memorize, Trinitarian, scriptural
What are the three divisions of the Creed?
Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
What Bible passages are missing from the Apostle's Creed?
Genesis 3- Malachi 4
What does Question and Answer 123 talk about?
God's kingdom come
What is a major theme in the Bible?
God's sovereignty
What are reformed believers reshaped by?
God's word
Who wrote the Belgic Confession?
Guido de Bres
Name at least three factors that contributed to the Protestant Reformation?
- The Roman Catholic church had power over both church and state. - Popes lived like kings and less like spiritual leaders because of that power. - Simony and Nepotism in the church were another part of the Church cruelty
What do Christians believe about God's kingdom?
Eternal; already here; we should work for it
What two things in history made Christianity complicated?
European colonization (forced Christianity) and the debate between science and religion
Who was making them?
Everyone
What does excommunicate mean?
To excommunicate means to exclude a person from a church or a religious community and "kick them out of heaven"
Reform
To make better by removing faults
Martin Luther
Translated the Bible into German in an attic after being captured for 11 months
What are the two purposes for the Heidelberg catechism?
Unity and Preaching
What is the catholic Church?
church universal
What is the primary work of the Father?
creating the world
What two teachings are used to give us a guide to living a life of gratitude?
ten commandments and the Lord's Prayer
Purgatory (definition)
where believers in Jesus finish their sanctification process before going to Heaven.