S-Phase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

S-phase

All features of the chromosome structure, including the protein packaging (histones), must be reproduced

kinetochore to the microtubules

Chromosomes must be properly attached via the _____________ to the ________________ of the spindle apparatus to prevent instability

G2/M

DNA Replication is completed before G2/M

S

DNA synthesis/replication is initiated

Kinetochore

Giant multilayered protein structure built on hetero-chromatin that forms the centromeric region of the chromosomes

gene amplification

In S-phase every nucleotide must be copied once to prevent ________ __________

G1

Pre-replication Complex (pre-RC) assembles at origin of replication

Prometaphase

nuclear envelope breaks down; chromosomes attach to spindle microtubules via kinetochore

Telophase

two sets of chromosomes arrive at poles and de-condense as nuclear envelope reassembles

cytokinesis

cytoplasmic division by contractile ring of actin and myosin filaments

mutations

Replication must occur with extreme accuracy to minimize the risk of _____________

Anaphase

Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles

S-phase

Sub-phase of interphase where DNA is duplicated or replicated

Metaphase

chromosomes align at equator of spindle

Prophase

condensation of chromosomes; two sister chromatids

Mitosis

separation of chromosomes