Science 7.2
energy budget
is the amount of energy available to heat the earth's land and water
perihelion
is the earth's closest point to the sun
aphelion
is the earth's farthest point from the sun
convection
is the heat transfer by moving currents of hot air
greenhouse effect
is the process of trapping heat in the earth's atmosphere
conduction
is the transfer of heat by direct contact between two objects
radiation
is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves
watt
measures the amount of energy that something gains, loses, or uses in one second
adiabatic heating
when the temperature of a gas rises as the gas is compressed with no heat lost
convection currents
currents set by the process of convection
greenhouse gases
are atmospheric gases that help trap heat water vapor is the most important one of these
winds
are the horizontal movements of air
updrafts or downdrafts
are the vertical movements of air
adiabatic cooling
happens when no heat is added the temperature of gas drops as it expands
insolation
incoming solar radiation solar energy that does reach the earth's surface
albedo
the ratio of the solar radiation reflected by an object to the solar radiation that strikes it is an objects