Science Chapter 5 Lesson 3: Mutations
A mutation is harmful if it reduces the organism's chances for survival and reproduction.
How can a mutation be harmful?
Helpful mutations increase an organism's ability to survive and reproduce.
How can a mutation be helpful?
Some of the cancerous cells may break off from the tumor and enter the bloodstream. In this way, the cancer can spread to other areas of the body.
How does cancer spread?
One base pair added, one base pair substituted for another, or one or more bases deleted from a section of DNA.
What are examples of small changes in an organism's DNA?
Treatments include surgery, radiation, and drugs that destroy cancer cells. (Chemotherapy)
What are some treatments people with cancer undergo?
Mutations can cause a cell to produce an incorrect protein during protein synthesis.
What can mutations cause?
One cell develops in an abnormal way.
What happens at first when a tumor forms?
The mutation will not be passed on to the organism's offspring.
What happens if a mutation occurs in a body cell, such as a skin cell?
The mutation can be passed on to an offspring and affect the offspring's traits.
What happens if a mutation occurs in a sex cell (egg or sperm)?
When this type of mutation occurs, a cell can end up with too many or too few chromosomes. The cell can also end up with extra segments of chromosomes.
What happens when chromosomes don't separate correctly in the formation of sex cells?
A mutation is any change in the DNA of a gene or chromosome.
What is a mutation?
A tumor is a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cells divide and grow uncontrollably.
What is a tumor?
Cancer is a disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.
What is cancer?
Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to treat diseases such as cancer.
What is chemotherapy?
Radiation is a treatment for cancer that uses beams of high-energy waves.
What is radiation?
Cancer begins when mutations disrupts the normal cell cycle, causing the cells to divide in an uncontrolled way.
When does cancer begin?
Because some of the drugs also kill the normal cells as well.
Why can chemotherapy cause you to lose your hair?
