Soc 101 final exam

Same-sex couple households account for _____ percent of U.S. households. a. 1 b. 10 c. 15 d. 30

a. 1

Children of divorced parents are _______ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married. a. more likely b. less likely c. equally likely

a. more likely

Which nation is an absolute monarchy? a. Oman b. Great Britain c. Denmark d. Australia

a. oman

What intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor? a. Assimilation b. Pluralism c. Amalgamation d. Segregation

b. Pluralism

What is the one defining feature of a minority group? a. Self-definition b. Numerical minority c. Lack of power d. Strong cultural identity

c. Lack of power

Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is _______ than the family they grew up with. a. less close b. more close c. at least as close d. none of the above

c. at least as close

In what part of the world have Confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced? a. India b. Europe c. China d. The Middle East

c. china

Karl Marx believed social structures evolve through: a. supply and demand b. enlightenment c. conflict d. cooperation

c. conflict

In general, children in ______ households benefit from divorce. a. stepfamily b. multigenerational c. high-conflict d. low-conflict

c. high-conflict

The median age of first marriage has ______ in the last fifty years. I a. increased for men but not women b. decreased for men but not women c. increased for both men and women d. decreased for both men and women

c. increased for both men and women

What doctrine justified legal segregation in the South? a. Jim Crow b. Plessey v. Ferguson c. De jure d. Separate but equal

d. Separate but equal

A child who associates his line of descent with his father's side only is part of a _____ society. a. matrilocal b. bilateral c. matrilineal d. patrilineal

d. patrilineal

Which of the following present and former government leaders is generally considered a dictator? a. David Cameron b. Barack Obama c. Qaboos bin Said Al Said d. Kim Jong-Un

d. taboos bin said Al said

Which factor does not influence voting practices? a. Race b. Social class c. Ethnicity d. Voting booths

d. voting booths

Sociologists tend to define family in terms of a. how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption b. the connection of bloodlines c. the status roles that exist in a family structure d. how closely members adhere to social norms

a. how given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption

Amalgamation is represented by the _____________ metaphor. a. melting pot b. Statue of Liberty c. salad bowl d. separate but equal

a. melting pot

Some controversial groups that may be mislabeled as cults include: a. Scientology and the Hare Krishna b. the Peoples Temple and Heaven's Gate c. the Branch Davidians and the Manson Family d. Quakers and Pentecostals

a. scientology and the Hare Krishna

Which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority?" a. African Americans b. Asian Americans c. White ethnic Americans d. Native Americans

b. Asian Americans

Which is not a characteristic of a democracy? a. People vote to elect officials. b. A king or queen holds the majority of governmental control. c. One goal of this type of government is to protect citizens' basic rights. d. A constitution typically outlines the foundational ideas of how this government should operate.

b. a king or queen holds the majority of governmnetal control

Many constitutional monarchies started out as: a. oligarchies b. absolute monarchies c. dictatorships d. democracies

b. absolute monarchies

Which concept corresponds best to functionalism? a. Happiness b. interdependence c. Revolution d. Symbolism

b. interdependence

A(n) _________________ is an extremely oppressive government that seeks to control all aspects of its citizens' lives. a. oligarchy b. totalitarian dictatorship c. anarchy d. absolute monarchy

b. totalitarian dictatorship

Social scientists refer to the use of a church to combat social injustice in the political realm as: a. the protestant work ethic b. conflict management c. liberation theology d. justice work

c. liberation theology

Many stories in the sacred text of Judaism are: a. referred to as the Apocrypha b. oral traditions only because Judaism has no sacred text c. shared by Christianity and Islam d. no longer part of the Torah

c. shared by christianity and islam

Stereotypes can be based on: a. race b. ethnicity c. gender d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Megachurches tend to have: a. a variety of male and female clergy b. numerous buildings in which to meet c. high attendance for only a limited time d. large arenas where services are held

d. large arenas where services are held

Current divorce rates are: a. at an all-time high b. at an all-time low c. steadily increasing d. steadily declining

d. steadily declining

Which president signed the Voting Rights Act? a. Lyndon Johnson b. John F. Kennedy Jr. c. Barack Obama d. Franklin D. Roosevelt

a. Lyndon Johnson

Which federal act or program was designed to allow more Hispanic American immigration, not block it? a. The Bracero Program b. Immigration Reform and Control Act c. Operation Wetback d. SB 1070

a. The Bracero Program

Sociologist G. William Domhoff's Who Rules America? asserts that wealth is often necessary to exert the most influence over social and political systems. This is a ____ perspective. a. conflict theory b. symbolic interactionist c. functionalist d. feminist

a. conflict theory

Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps keep the social system running smoothly? a. Functional perspective b. Symbolic interactionist perspective c. Conflict perspective d. Feminist perspective

a. functional perspective

Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share? a. Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms b. Emphasis on religion as providing social support c. Belief that religion helps explain the mysteries of life d. None of the above

a. position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms

The majority of U.S. children live in: a. two-parent households b. one-parent households c. no-parent households d. multigenerational households

a. two-parent households

What is discrimination? a. Biased thoughts against an individual or group b. Biased actions against an individual or group c. Belief that a race different from yours is inferior d. Another word for stereotyping

b. Biased actions against an individual or group

The U.S. Supreme Court case _________________ led to the revision of voting districts to account for differences in population density. a. Roe v. Wade b. Reynolds v. Sims c. Brown v. Board of Education d. Marbury v. Madison

b. Brown v. Board of Education

The Protestant work ethic was viewed in terms of its relationship to: a. evolution and natural selection b. capitalism c. determinism d. prejudice and discrimination

b. capitalism

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) __________ leader. a. traditional b. charismatic c. legal-rational d. illegitimate

b. charismatic

Scapegoat theory shows that: a. subordinate groups blame dominant groups for their problems b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems c. some people are predisposed to prejudice d. all of the above

b. dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems

A cultural universal is something that: a. addresses all aspects of a group's behavior b. is found in all cultures c. is based on social norms d. may or may not be of value in meeting social needs

b. is found in all cultures

Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model? a. It is too broad and accounts for too many aspects of family. b. It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages. c. It does not serve a practical purpose for studying family behavior. d. It is not based on comprehensive research.

b. it is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages

n the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a _____________________ test. a. blood b. literacy c. lie detector d. citizenship

b. literacy

Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States? a. Physical abuse b. Neglect c. Shaken-baby syndrome d. Verbal mistreatment

b. neglect

A sect: a. has generally grown so large that it needs new buildings and multiple leaders b. often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals c. is another term for a cult d. All of the above

b. often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals

Which current world figure has the least amount of political power? a. President Barack Obama b. Queen Elizabeth II c. British Prime Minister David Cameron d. North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un

b. queen Elizabeth II

Speedy Gonzalez is an example of: a. intersection theory b. stereotyping c. interactionist view d. culture of prejudice

b. stereotyping

Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual's sense of support and well-being? a. Functionalism b. Symbolic interactionism c. Conflict theory d. Feminism

b. symbolic interactionism

Which is not one of functionalism's four main purposes of government? a. Maintaining law and order b. Meeting social needs c. Equally distributing resources d. Planning and directing society

c. Equally distributing resources

Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance? a. Segregation b. Assimilation c. Genocide d. Expulsion

c. Genocide

Many Arab Americans face _______________, especially after 9/11. a. racism b. segregation c. Islamophobia d. prejudice

c. Islamophobia

Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact? a. It needs to be eradicated by laws. b. It is like a magic pill. c. It does not need the actions of individuals to continue. d. None of the above

c. It does not need the actions of individuals to continue

Which statement best expresses the difference between power and authority? a. Authority involves intimidation. b. Authority is more subtle than power. c. Authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in power. d. Authority is inherited, but power is seized by military force.

c. authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in powder

Which statement best expresses why the United States is not a true democracy? a. Many politicians are corrupt. b. Special-interest groups fund political campaigns. c. Citizens elect representatives who vote on their behalf to make policy. d. Ancient Greece was the only true democracy.

c. citizens elect representatives who vote on their behalf to make policy

As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of: a. intersection theory b. conflict theory c. white privilege d. scapegoating theory

c. conflict theory

Which socialist perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to maintain social inequalities within a society? a.Functional b. Symbolic interactionist c. Conflict theory d. Feminist perspective

c. conflict theory

The main difference between an ecclesia and a denomination is: a. the number of followers or believers is much larger for denominations b. the geographical location varies for ecclesia versus denominations c. ecclesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion d. there are no important differences; the terms are interchangeable

c. ecclesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion

Which statement best expresses why there have been so few charismatic female leaders throughout history? a. Women have different leadership styles than men. b. Women are not interested in leading at all. c. Few women have had the opportunity to hold leadership roles over the courseof history. d. Male historians have refused to acknowledge the contributions of female leaders in their records.

c. few women have had the opportunity to hold leadership roles over the courseof history.

Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)? a. IPV victims are more frequently men than women. b. One in ten women is a victim of IPV. c. Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol. d. Rape is the most common form of IPV.

c. nearly half of instances of IPV

A woman being married to two men would be an example of: a. monogamy b. polygyny c. polyandry d. cohabitation

c. polyandry

Couples who cohabitate before marriage are ______ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least ten years. a. far more likely than b. far less likely than c. slightly less likely than d. equally as likely as

c. slightly less likely than

Which statement best explains the meaning of "one person, one vote"? a. One person should not be allowed to vote twice. b. A voter deserves one chance to vote. c. A voter should vote only once a year. d. All people's votes should count equally.

d. All people's votes should equally

Which sociologist is not associated with conflict theory? a. C. Wright Mills b. G. William Domhoff c. Karl Marx d. George H. Mead

d. George H. Mead

What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States? a. They are the only group that experienced expulsion. b. They are the only group that was segregated. c. They are the only group that was enslaved. d. They are the only group that did not come here as immigrants.

d. They are the only group that did not here as immigrants

Why did most white ethnic Americans come to the United States? a. For a better life b. To escape oppression c. Because they were forced out of their own countries d. a and b only

d. a and b only

In what ways does religion serve the role of a social institution? a. Religions have a complex and integrated set of norms. b. Religious practices and beliefs are related to societal values. c. Religions often meet several basic needs. d. All of the above

d. all of the above

What do Christianity and Islam have in common? a. Both believe in a single supreme god. b. Both share many of the same stories in their central religious texts. c. Both believe in an afterlife. d. All of the above

d. all of the above

The racial term "African American" can refer to: a. a black person living in the United States b. people whose ancestors came to the United States through the slave trade c. a white person who originated in Africa and now lives in the United States d. any of the above

d. any of the above

Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group? a. Jewish people in Germany b. Creoles in New Orleans c. White people in Brazil d. Blacks under apartheid in South Africa

d. blacks under apartheid in South Africa

Ethnicity describes shared: a.beliefs b. language c. religion d. any of the above

d. language

Which of the following types of authority does not reside primarily in a leader? a. Dictatorial b. Traditional c. Charismatic d. Legal-rational

d. legal-rational

What are some denominations of the Christian Protestant church? a. Catholic and Jewish b. Jehovah's Witnesses and Presbyterians c. Scientology and Hare Krishna d. Methodist and Seventh-day Adventist

d. methodist and seventh-day adventist