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what non-metal is found in sea water and brine wells

Bromine

What non-metal is contained in cleaning products?

Chlorine

what non-metal is the most abundant halogen

Chlorine

what non-metal is used to disinfect drinking water and swimming pools

Chlorine

what is the significance of cigarette smoke

Cigarette smoke contains large levels of carbon monoxide (It can combine with the hemoglobin in the blood. This prevents the attachment of oxygen molecules to hemoglobin. Thus, the body does not get enough oxygen.)

which elements out of the Alkali metals is used for medicine and photography

Potassium

who discovered sodium and in what year

Sir Humphry Davy in 1807

who discovered argon and in what year

Sir William Ramsay in 1894

what element is found in table salt, lye, and many other compounds

Sodium

Barium is most commonly found as ____.

Barium Sulfate

magnesium is found chemically combined with ____ and as an ion in ____

mineral deposits, sea water

what transition element can be polished to a shiny gloss and used to coat other metals to make them shiny

nickel

the united states nickel coin is made up of which two transition elements

nickel and copper

would life on earth exist without free oxygen

no

Many transition elements have different ____?

oxidation states

the transition element zinc is used in:

paint, medicines, fiberboard, automobile tires

mercury is ___ and should not be ___

poisonous, handled

Actinoids are ___and have little use beyond ___and ___.

radioactive, atomic weapons, nuclear power

in the flame test, what color is strontium

red

what color does neon glow in a discharge tube

reddish orange

The name halogen comes from the Greek roots "hal" meaning ___ and "gen" meaning ____.

salt; to produce

what transition element can be shaped easily and used for other ornaments

silver

what transition element is the best conductor of heat and electricity

silver

what is the least abundant metal in the earth's crust

strontium

Arsenic was the first drug to kill the germs of _________.

syphilis

Where are the transition elements located on the periodic table?

the middle portion

Mercury is useful for:

thermometers, barometers, and electrical switches

most Alkaline earth metals give up their _____ and form ions

two outer electrons

Where is Radium found?

uranium ores

what is the most important oxide

water

Do milk and dairy products contain Calcium?

yes

Is carbon present in all living things?

yes

are the Alkali metals most reactive of all metals

yes

are the Alkali metals soft and do they have relative low melting points

yes

Magnesium is one of the elements in the green plant pigment, called ____.

chlorophyll

what transition element is widely used in electrical wiring and plumbing

copper

The copper family contains three well-known metals. What are they?

copper, silver, gold

Fluorine is a ___, pale ___.

corrosive, yellow gas

what transition element is a liquid at room temperature

mercury

The oxygen group is located in group ___ of the periodic table

16

the noble gases are located in group___ of the periodic table

18

alkaline earth metals are located in group ___ of the periodic table

2

transition elements are from groups ___ through ____

3-12

In the oxygen group, each element has ___ electrons in its outer energy shell

6

explain the importance of Nitrogen

Every living thing requires it. Air is nearly 79% free nitrogen. However, most living things cannot get nitrogen directly from the air. It comes from compounds that are important to people. I.e. NH3 (ammonia). Industries use nitrogen compounds in the form of nitrates in making fertilizers and explosives

What non-metal is the most reactive of all chemical elements?

Fluorine

what non-metal has a low density and what is it used for

Helium, Its low density makes helium useful as a lifting gas in airships and balloons.

if Alkali metals are exposed to air, they form _____ and give off hydrogen gas

Hydroxides

What element was discovered in 1863?

Indium

How can Calcium be prepared?

It can be prepared by passing an electric current through melted calcium chloride

name three physical properties of hydrogen

It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas

what are the practical uses of silicon

It is used to make transistors found in radios, television sets, and computer chips.

Why is Argon found in light bulbs?

Lights bulbs are filled with argon to protect the filaments and make them last longer.

which element is the lightest of all the Alkali metals

Lithium

in pure form, Alkali metals are stored in _____. this is done so they will not react with ____ or ____ vapor in the air.

Oil, Oxygen, Water

Why is barium useful when studying the digestive tract?

Patients swallow a liquid mixture containing barium sulfate, which absorbs X-rays. A doctor can then study the X rays of the digestive tract as the chemical moves through it

name three elements that are named after planets

Plutonium, Neptunium, and Uranium.

Explain Phosphate Pollution

The excessive use of phosphates in detergents contribute to water pollution. Wastewater from the laundry is joined with runoff water from fields fertilized with phosphates and nitrates. This waste often ends up in lakes and rivers. As a result, water plants are fed a diet rich in nutrients. They multiply rapidly and clog the waterways. When these plants die, the supply of oxygen dissolved in the water is used up as they decompose. This process deprives fish and other aquatic life of oxygen. Soap industries are reducing the amounts of phosphates in detergents. This change is helping to reduce this type of pollution

Why is Radium not used in luminous watch dials any more

These watches glowed in the dark. It was later found that using radium for this purpose caused cancer in some of the workers making the dials

What are allotropes?

They are different forms of the same element. They have different properties because they have different arrangements of atoms.

what are some of the characteristics of Alkali Metals

They are usually shiny, reflect light, and are malleable and ductile

Alkaline earth metals react with ___ and give off ____

Water, hydrogen

what is the significance of carbon dioxide

We exhale carbon dioxide. It makes up to 0.04% of the air. CO2 is a waste product of food breakdown in our body cells. Plants convert CO2 to food, helping to keep the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere constant. It is also produced from burning wood, coal, oil, and natural gas.

the two most common allotropes of phosphorus are ___ and ___ phosphors

White and Red

what happens to wood when exposed to fluorine gas

Wood and many other materials burst into flames when exposed to fluorine gas.

what non-metal is used for strobe lamps, where short flashes of light are needed for high-speed photography

Xenon

is lithium valuable in medicine

Yes

is radium more reactive than barium?

Yes

name four ways in which hydrogen reacts

a) hydrogen ion: hydrogen atom can react by losing its one electron to become a positive hydrogen ion; it is simply a bare proton b) Sharing: sharing its single outer electron sharing with non-metals c) hydride ion: is to gain an electron and reacts well with most reactive metals groups I and II d) Formation of bridges: these are between two hydrogen atoms

what transition element is used to produce a special heat-resistant steel in cutting tools

cobalt

what family of elements is makes up group 1 of the periodic table

alkali metals

Zinc is needed in the daily diet. How much is needed? And Why?

at least 15mg per day is necessary for growth and conversion of carbonic acid to CO2 and H2O.

magnesium is strong but not dense. therefore, magnesium is used in the industry when both lightweight are needed i.e. ____,_____,_____

auto parts, aircraft, spacecraft

transition elements are responsible for _____ on beautiful gems

color

Lanthanoids generally form elements that are _____ and show ___ properties.

colored, magnetic

Why is White Phosphorus stored underwater?

because it bursts into flames in the air

Why is table salt "iodized"

because the lack of iodine can cause goiter. For this reason, table salt is often "iodized" to be sure people receive enough iodine.

Pure magnesium burns with a very ____ and is used in ___.

bright flame, flashbulbs

How is iodine purified?

by sublimation (It can change directly to a gas and then back to solid and then back to a gas form without passing through a liquid state)

what transition element is a reddish metal and is a good conductor of heat and electricity

copper

what transition element is easily drawn into wires and pounded or rolled into sheets

copper

what is the second most abundant element in the human body

carbon

what is the color of bromine at room temperature

dark red liquid

Alkali Metals are so reactive that they are never found ______ in nature

free

what transition element is a yellow, soft metal that conducts heat and reflects light well

gold

what transition element is often used with other metals in jewelry because it can be so easily shaped

gold

what elements are combined to make white gold

gold, Copper, nickel, Zinc

what elements are combined to make yellow gold

gold, silver, copper

Most of the transition metals are ___ and have ___.

hard; high melting points

What noble gases do not combine naturally with other elements, and are found free in nature

helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon

Which is the lightest of all the elements on the periodic table.

hydrogen

this element is located in the metal area of the periodic table but is still a non-metal

hydrogen

what element can lose and gain electrons

hydrogen

what element was used to fill lighter than air vehicles early in history

hydrogen

Name some products that contain sulfur.

insecticides, fertilizers, medicines, and rubber

where is carbon monoxide produced

internal combustion engines

what is the color of iodine at room temperature and what happens when it's heated

iodine is a gray, shiny solid; it becomes a purple vapor

Alkaline earth metals tend to form compounds by

ionic bonding

what transition element is the second most abundant metal and the fourth most abundant of all elements in the earth's crust

iron

what transition element is used more often than all other metals combined

iron

explain hydrogen peroxide

it is used as a bleach and to kill germs

What are the properties of mercury?

low freezing point and a high boiling point

calcium is used in ____ that are mixed with _____, _____, and _____ materials to make _____ and _____.

making buildings, sand, water, other materials, plaster, mortar

Lithium deficiency results in ____.

manic depressive behavior


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