Science Review

How much force does a man use if he pushes a lawnmower 200 N across 50 m of his lawn? A. 1000 Nm B. 10000Nm C. 40Nm D. 150 Nm

10,000Nm

A substance with a pH of 2 is: A. too little information to determine B. an acid C. a base D. neutral

an acid

A force that pushes or pulls is known as __________________________ A. a reactive force B. a positive force C. an expected force D. an applied force

an applied force

Select the choice that best completes the following sentence: Simple machines A. reduce the amount of energy needed to do work B. are tools that make work easier C. cannot be combined to make compound machines D. are made up of multiple moving parts.

are tools that make work easier

What kind of energy source are fossil fuels? A. nonrenewable B. plentiful C. synthetic D. renewable

nonrenewable

Heat energy is the transfer of _____________ energy. A. Chemical B. mechanical C. thermal D. electrical

thermal

Nonmetals are generally located ____________________________ of the staircase. A. on both sides B. to the left C. Salt and water D. to the right

to the right

A ___________________ and a______________________ are examples of inclined planes. A. screw: pulley B. lever; wedge C. screw; lever D. wedge; screw

wedge; screw

There are several types of inclined planes. A ___________ is made by placing two incline planes back to back. A ______________________________ is made by wrapping an inclined plane around a cylinder. A. lever; screw B. wedge: screw C. wedge; lever D. screw; wedge

wedge; screw

Iron has ____________________ protons. A. 55 B. 26 C. 30 D. 56

26

How many valence electrons does Nitrogen have? A. 2 B. 8 C. 5 D. 3

5

If you mix a substance with a pH of 1 with a substance with a pH of 14, what pH will the new substance most likely have? A. 14 B. 1 C. 7 D. 11

7

Which of the following objects has the most mechanical kinetic energy? A. a spring that is compressed B. a bicycle going 10 miles per hour C. a rock sitting on the edge of a cliff D. a car going 60 mph

A car going 60 mph

Which of these is NOT an indicator that a chemical reaction has occurred? A. a clear solution B. Emission of heat C. Formation of a precipitate D. Emission of order

A clear solution

Energy enables an object to do work. Work is done when ... A. No force is put on an object and the object does not move in any direction B. A force is put on an object but the object does not move in any direction C. A force is put on an object and the object moves in the direction of the force D. No force is out on an object, but the object moves at varying speeds in a random direction

A force is put on an object and the object moves in the direction of the force

Which of the following is an example of convection? A. The rays of the sun warming the earth B. A hot oven warming the air around it C. A substance that reacts with matter D. Equivalent to work

A hot oven warming the air around it

Which of the following is an example of work being done on an object? A. Water in a pot turns to steam B. A man pushes a couch across the room C. A box rests on the floor D. A prism scatters light

A man pushes a couch across the room

Which of the following is an example of conduction? A. A dog's bowl of water warms up out in the sun B. A metal spoon becomes warm when placed in a cup of hot tea C. Campers warm up while sitting by a campfire D. Leftovers become warm when reheated in the microwave

A metal spoon warms up when placed in a cup of hot tea

Which of the following is an example of heat transfer through conduction? A. A pan on the stove getting hot B. the Sun drying clothes hanging outside C. Hot air rising inside the house D. A microwave warming a cup of water

A pan on the stove getting hot

Which of the following is a source of chemical energy commonly used by humans? A. a bicycle B. Turning on a light switch C. A sandwich D.Water flowing in a river

A sandwich

How can you tell the difference between a solution and a suspension? A. A suspension has small undissolved particles that won't settle to the bottom of the container B. A suspension has particles that can be separated C. A solution has particles that can be separated D. You can't

A suspension has particles that can be separated

Which of the following is an example of done being done to an object? A. A wagon is used to carry vetetables from the garden B. A pulley is used to get water from a well C. A hammer is used to pull a nail fro the wall D. All of these

All of these

Julie watches a toy car move across a table at a constant speed. The car moves across the table in one direction and falls off the other side. Julie decides to try another situation. She watches the car move across the table at a constant speed, then when it gets to the other side, her friend Bob pushes the car in the other direction. The car moves back across the table to Julie. Based on Julie's informal experiment, the car changes direction because of _________________________ force, which happens when _________________. A. An unbalanced; Julie watches the car B. A balanced; the car moves across the table C. An unbalanced; Bob pushes the car D. A balanced; Bob pushes the car

An unbalanced; Bob pushes the car

If the forces acting on an object are balanced, the object is...A. at rest or speeding up, B. at rest or in constant motion, C. speeding up or slowing down, or D. speeding up or in constant motion?

At rest or in constant motion

Which of the following elements are metalloids? A. Boron and Astatine B. Bromine and Potassium C. Silicon and Neon D. Silver and Gold

Boron and Astatine

Hydroelectricity and tidal energy are similar because ... A. They are both energy sources discovered in the last decade B. Both are nonrenewable energy sources C. Both sources of energy rely on water D. They are both only available in areas that are adjacent to the ocean

Both sources of energy rely on water

How can the mechanical advantage of a lever be increased? A. shorter, B. larger force C. applying force farther from the fulcrum, D. By moving the fulcrum away from the load

By applying force farther from the fulcrum

How could the mechanical advantage of an incline plane be increased? A. by making it shorter B. by making it longer C. by making it steeper D. all of these

By making it longer

What increases the speed of a chemical reaction? A. Yield B. Reactant C. Catalyst D. Product

Catalyst

Sam pours hot tea into a cold mug. A few minutes later, he picks up the mug and it is now warm. What is the main form of energy transfer involved in the heating of the mug? A. Convection B. Conduction C. Radiation D. All of these

Conduction

Coal, oil, and gas are called ________________________. A. Renewable resources B. Nuclear power C. Solar energy D. Fossil fuels

Fossil fuels

Even if you don't touch a marshmallow to a campfire flame, holding it near a flame causes it to turn brown. Why does this happen? A. Smoke and soot from the fire cause the marshmallow to brown B. Hot air in the atmosphere cooks the marshmallow C. Dust blowing through the air cause the marshmallow to brown D. Heat radiates from the fire and cooks the marshmallow

Heat radiates from the fire and cooks the marshmallow

_________________________ energy is defined as stored energy. A. Contained B. Dynamic C. Kinetic D. Potential

Potential

Heat energy can be transferred from a source to a receiver by... i. Conduction II. Convection III. Radiation A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I, II, and III

I, II and III

Which of the following is a form of energy? I. kinetic II. thermal III. potential IV. electrical

I, II, III and IV

Tim has some sand in a bucket, but thinks that there may be some salt mixed in with his sand. How can he determine if there is salt in the sand? A. If he evaporates the sand the salt will be left behind B. If he puts water in the bucket, the sand will dissolve C. If he leaves the bucket alone the salt will rise to the top D. If he puts water in the bucket, the salt will dissolve

If he puts water in the bucket, the salt will dissolve

Which statement is true about the gravitational force? A. It only acts on objects that are moving apart B. It only acts on objects that are close together C. It acts on all objects all the time D. It only acts on objects that are in contact

It acts on all objects all the time

Jake is moving and needs to get a heavy chair to the second floor. He could strap it to his back and carry it up a ladder. Or, he could use a simple machine by sliding the chair up an incline plane. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using the inclined plane? A. Jake will have to exert more force to move the chair B. Jake will reduce the mass of the chair C. Jake will have to travel a shorter distance D. Jake will have to travel a farther distance to move the chair

Jake will have to move a farther distance to move the chair

What energy is defined as the energy of motion? A. potential B. Chemical C. Dynamic D. Kinetic

Kinetic

How long does it take for new fossil fuels to be created? A. Billions of years B. Millions of years C. Hundreds of years D. Thousands of years

Millions of years

Which of the following is a nonrenewable energy source? A. Biofuel B. Solar Power C. Wind Power D. Natural Gas

Natural Gas

What is another name for an acid/base reaction/ A. Mixing B. Synthesis C. Neutralization D. Polymerization

Neutralization

Susan knows that trees use energy from the Sun to make food. She wants to plant several trees in her backyard, but is worried that she will use up the Sun's energy. Is Susan correct? A. No, trees don't use sunlight B. Yes, planting more trees will use up the Sun's energy C. Maybe; if she plants more than ten trees; the Sun's energy will be used up D. No the Sun's energy cannot be used up

No the Sun's energy cannot be used up

The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called what? A. Families B. Groups of Families C. Periods D. Groups

Periods

Which of the following elements is Bromine most likely to bond with? A. Potassium B. Krypton C. Oxygen D. Nitrogen

Potassium

Why does the number of protons and electrons in an element need to be the same? A. There are only two parts of an atom B. Protons are positive, electrons are negative, and they need to cancel each other out. C. Protons and electrons must add up to equal the number of neutrons D. Protons are inside the nucleus and electrons are outside the nucleus

Protons are positive, electrons are negative, and they need to cancel each other out

What is a force? A. A form of energy B. A push and pull C. A substance that reacts with matter D. Equivalent to work

Push and pull

Plants obtain their energy from light produced by the Sun. Sunlight is transferred from the Sun to the plants through a process known as...A. all of these B. Radiation C. Conduction D. Convection

Radiation

Through which of the following ways does the Sun primarily transfer its heat by radiation? A. Conduction, B. Reflection, C. Radiation D. Convection

Radiation

Because metals are conductors, they transmit heat and energy well. Why are gloves made of rubber or fabric? A. Rubber and fabric form a strong bond that allows heat through..B. Rubber and fabric are the cheapest materials to make gloves C. Rubber and fabric are both nonmetals, so they don't transmit heat well, keeping your hands warm D. Rubber and fabric are metals, meaning they allow heat to pass through them

Rubber and fabric are both nonmetals, so they don't transmit heat well, keeping your hands warm

What are two products of an acid/base reaction? A. salt and water B. Another acid and another base C. Sugar and water D. Carbon Dioxide

Salt and water

Sarah pushes a book off the table. The push is an example of a contact force because...A. the book feel to the floor B. Sarah had to touch the book to move it C. Sarah used energy D. the book was on a flat surface

Sarah had to touch the book to move it

Which of the following is best described as an inclined plane twisted into a spiral? A. Screw B. Pulley C. Wedge D. Wheel and Axle

Screw

Frederick mixes Kool-Aid Mix and water to make a refreshing beverage. Kool-Aid mix is the solution, mixture, solute or solvent?

Solute

Jennifer stands on one side of the cabinet and pushes with a force of 60 N. If Nathan wants to help Jennifer demonstrate balanced forces, what does he need to do?

Stand on the other side of the cabinet and push with a force of 60 N toward Jennifer.

Fluorine wants to _____________________ one valence electron. Give or take?

Take

A lumberjack is chopping wood with an ax. How does the ax make the lumberjack's job easier? A. The ax multiplies the amount of work that is applied by the lumberjack B. The ax is heavy so it can split wood more easily C. The ax reacts with the wood so that it can split more easily D. The ax multiplies the amount of force that is applied to the wood

The ax multiplies the amount of force that is applied to the wood

Heat can be transferred by conduction, convection, radiation. What is necessary in order for heat to be transferred by conduction? A. the objects must be in direct contact with one another B. The substance must be liquids or gases C. Heat must be transferred in the form of currents D. Heat must be transferred through space

The objects must be in direct contact with one another.

A black squirrel is sitting on the ground. A red squirrel is sitting on a tree branch high above the black squirrel. Both squirrels have the same mass. The black squirrel has ________________________ kinetic energy and ______________________ gravitational potential energy when compared with the red squirrel. A. less; the same B. the same ; less C. less; more D. more; less

The same ; less

Fossil fuels are formed from the remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago. Where does the energy in fossil fuels originally come from? A. Earth's magnetic field B. The Sun C. the movement of flowing water D. Earth's radioactive core

The sun

Which of the following is the correct definition of convection? A. The transmission of heat across matter B. The electromagnetic radiation from the surface of an object which is due to the object's temperature C. The transmission of heat across empty space D. The transfer of heat by currents

The transfer of heat by currents

You eat a lot of spicy, acidic foods for dinner. A few hours later your stomach is upset. What should you eat? A. Tums (a base) B. Water (neutral) C. Tomatoes (acid)

Tums

Which would be easier to use to get something up an incline, a six foot plank or a twelve foot plank?

Twelve foot plank

When removing a nail from a board what would make the job easier? A. Use a hammer with a sharper claw B. Use a hammer with a shorter handle C. Use a heavier hammer D. Use a hammer with a longer handle

Use a hammer with a longer handle

______________________ is a force acting through a distance. A. Fiction B. Power C. Acceleration D. Work

Work

Give examples of heat radiation.

a fire warming a group of campers, the Sun warming the Earth, an electric space heater warming a room

Sam and Joe decide to arm wrestle to determine who is stronger. Sam uses all his strength but Joe wins and is able to pin Sam's hand to the table. The forces acting on Sam's hand during the match A. are unbalanced B. are balanced C. are unaffected by Joe D. have a net force of zero

are unbalanced

Cool Whip is a good example of a: A. Colloid B. solution C. suspension D. mixture

colloid

A transfer of heat within a liquid or gas that involves warm particles moving in currents is ... A. Radiation B. Convection C. Correction D. Conduction

convection

A construction worker needs to remove the shingles from the roof of a building. Instead of lifting the shingles up by hand, he decides to use a long crowbar as a lever to lift them. By using this simple machine, the worker is _____________ the amount of force needed to do the job and he is ________ the distance over which the force is applied. A. increasing; increasing B. increasing; decreasing C. decreasing; increasing D. decreasing ; decreasing

decreasing;increasing

What type of energy is the mechanical energy of the car converted when it slams on it's breaks, producing friction between the tire and the road? A. gravitational B. heat C. chemical D. light

heat

Lifting up a paint can lid with a screwdriver is an example of _____________________ A. lever B. Block and Tackle C. Wheel and Axle D. Pulley

lever

Your arm acts like a ...A. lever B. wedge C. wheel and axle D. pulley

lever

Joyce is playing a guitar. She strums the strings and the guitar produces noise. Joyce is tranforming _____________________ energy into _______________________ energy. A. electical; mechanical B. electrical; sound C. mechanical; sound D. mechanical; light

mechanical; sound

Sal is baking a cake. He pours flour into an empty bowl. The substance in the bowl is a : A. compound B. atom C. mixture D. element

mixture

An objects motion changes...A. only when a nonzero net force is applied to the object B.only if the object is at rest when a force acts upon it C. when the force acting on the object remain balanced D. all of the above

only when a nenzero net force is applied to the object

George stretches a rubber band so that it is tight. The stretched rubber band has ... A. potential energy B. magnetic energy C. electrical energy D. kinetic energy

potential energy

Which simple machine can be described as a rope that is threaded through a wheel or a disk? A. pulley B. screw C. inclined plane D. lever

pulley

Which of the following is not a property of metal? A. malleable B. shiny C. hard D. rough

rough