science test

Katlyn makes a gelatin dessert. She pours hot water into the flavored gelatin powder and stirs. What are the solute and solvent in this solution? A. Gelatin powder is the solute. Water is the solvent. B. Water is the solute. Gelatin powder is the solvent. C. Heat is the solute. Gelatin powder is the solvent. D. Gelatin powder is the solute. Heat is the solvent.

A. Gelatin powder is the solute. Water is the solvent.

When a sample of rust was mixed with acid, the rust changed into two simpler substances: W and Z. The substances W and Z could not be broken down into simpler substances. Which statement is best supported by this evidence? A. Rust is a compound made of two elements. B. The substances W and Z are not made of atoms. C. The substances W and Z are compounds. D. Rust is an element that breaks into compounds.

A. Rust is a compound made of two elements.

Which of the following features is common to both acids and bases? A. ability to burn skin B. pH measurements greater than 7 C. reaction with metals D. similar taste

A. ability to burn skin

Place the following substances in order of pH from lowest pH to highest. A. acids, neutral compounds, bases B. bases, neutral compounds, acids C. bases, acids, neutral compounds D. neutral compounds, bases, acids

A. acids, neutral compounds, bases

What is the smallest particle of an element? A. atom B. molecule C. compound D. mixture

A. atom

The esophagus is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. Heartburn occurs when some of the stomach juices flow backwards up the esophagus. To help relieve heartburn, a person should take medicine that is A. basic. B. acidic or basic. C. acidic. D. neutral.

A. basic.

The chemical combination of two or more different atoms in fixed amounts is called a(n) A. compound. B. orbit. C. element. D. mixture.

A. compound.

A solution of baking soda has a pH of 9. Baking soda _______. A. is a base B. is a neutral substance C. could be either an acid or a base D. is an acid

A. is a base

Pure water has a pH of 7. Pure water _______. A. is a neutral substance B. is a base C. is an acid D. could be either an acid or a base

A. is a neutral substance

Vince is baking a cake. He pours flour and sugar into an empty bowl. The substance in the bowl is a(n) __________. A. mixture B. atom C. compound D. element

A. mixture

When the components of a mixture are uniformly mixed together, the mixture is called a solution. Ocean water is a solution of water and _______. A. salt B. magnesium C. phosphorus D. oxygen

A. salt

The _______ of a substance is the amount of that substance that can dissolve in a certain amount of a given solvent. A. solubility B. chemical reactivity C. density D. boiling point

A. solubility

Rachel is given 50 grams each of three different white powders that look very similar. She is told that each of these powders is commonly used in cooking. Without tasting any of them, she is asked to try to identify them. She is told the amounts of sugar and salt that can each be dissolved in 100 mL of water. Substance Solubility (g per 100 mL water) table sugar 211 table salt 36 flour not soluble Rachel adds all 50 grams of one powder to 100 mL of water and stirs it for a while. Afterwards, she has a clear liquid with no trace of the powder in it. Which of the following could this powder have been? A. sugar B. salt C. flour D. all of these

A. sugar

Which of the following is an example of a mixture? A. the atmosphere B. water C. calcium D. carbon dioxide

A. the atmosphere

Which of the following word pairs correctly completes the sentence below? _______ are corrosive substances characterized as having a strong smell, a sour taste, and a _______. A. Bases; pH greater than 7 B. Acids; pH less than 7 C. Acids; pH greater than 7 D. Bases; pH less than 7

B. Acids; pH less than 7

After a teaspoon of sugar has been stirred into a glass of water, no solid sugar can be seen. What happened to the sugar? A. The sugar evaporated. B. The sugar dissolved. C. The sugar disappeared. D. The sugar melted.

B. The sugar dissolved.

The element oxygen, represented by the symbol O, is classified as A. a mixture. B. a pure substance. C. a compound. D. a solution.

B. a pure substance.

What is the solute found in carbonated beverages that gives them their bubbly taste? A. sugar B. carbon dioxide C. corn syrup D. water

B. carbon dioxide

Margaret wants to make an orange flavored drink by stirring powdered drink mix into a glass of water. She doesn't like drinks that have small clumps of powdered solid in them, so she wants the drink to be a perfect solution. What factors should Margaret NOT consider when deciding how much powder to add to her glass of water? A. nature of the solvent B. color of the solute C. nature of the solute D. temperature

B. color of the solute

Which is a substance made up of only one kind of atom? A. mixture B. element C. solution D. compound

B. element

Vinegar has a pH of 2. Vinegar _______. A. could be either an acid or a base B. is an acid C. is a neutral substance D. is a base

B. is an acid

The air we breathe contains different individual gases (mostly nitrogen and oxygen). Which of the following correctly describes the air we breathe? A. liquid B. mixture C. element D. compound

B. mixture

Steve puts some cheddar cheese in a pan on the stove and starts to melt it. After a little while, there is a layer of oil floating on top of the cheese. From the way the cheese melted, Steve knows it is a A. element. B. mixture. C. solid. D. pure substance.

B. mixture.

Which of the following is a solution? A. sand in water B. ocean water C. oil in water D. all of these

B. ocean water

3. A solution is tested and found to have a pH of 1. The solution is A. strongly basic. B. strongly acidic. C. weakly basic. D. weakly acidic.

B. strongly acidic.

The pH of a solution is tested, and it is found to be a basic solution. Of the following choices, what could the pH have been? A. 5 B. 3 C. 9 D. 7

C. 9

Which of the following is true about elements? A. Elements do not combine to form compounds. B. Elements combine to form compounds in organisms but not in nonliving substances. C. Elements combine to form compounds in organisms and nonliving substances. D. Elements combine to form compounds in nonliving substances but not in organisms.

C. Elements combine to form compounds in organisms and nonliving substances.

Hydrogen is a pure substance represented by the chemical symbol H. Which of the following best describes hydrogen? A. Hydrogen is a compound made of two or more kinds of atoms. B. Hydrogen is an element made of two or more kinds of atoms. C. Hydrogen is an element made of only one kind of atom. D. Hydrogen is a compound made of only one kind of atom.

C. Hydrogen is an element made of only one kind of atom.

Table salt is a compound that is made from an equal number of chlorine atoms and sodium atoms bonded together. Which of the following are properties of table salt? I. It is a toxic gas. II. It is a soft shiny metal. III. It can dissolve easily in water. IV. It forms a crystalline solid. A. I & II only B. I, III, & IV only C. III & IV only D. I, II, III, & IV

C. III & IV only

Drain cleaner has a pH of about 14. How can it be classified, based on its pH? A. It is a very strong acid. B. It is close to neutral but slightly acidic. C. It is a very strong base. D. It is close to neutral but slightly basic.

C. It is a very strong base.

Bridget is in science class. Her teacher gives her two unknown substances and asks her to determine their relative pH. She places a piece of red litmus paper into both substances. The litmus paper turns purple when she places it into substance I. The litmus paper turns blue when she places it into substance II. Which of the following is true about the relative pH of the two substances? A. Substance I is an acid and substance II is a base. B. Substance I is a neutral substance and substance II is an acid. C. Substance I is a neutral substance and substance II is a base. D. Substance I is a base and substance II is a neutral substance.

C. Substance I is a neutral substance and substance II is a base.

A class is doing an experiment to test which solids will dissolve in water. They are testing salt, baking soda, cinnamon, and sugar. How will the students know if each solid dissolves? A. The solid will fall to the bottom of the container. B. The water will become bubbly. C. The solid will seem to disappear. D. The water will become cloudy.

C. The solid will seem to disappear.

NH3 is an example of A. an element. B. a mixture. C. a compound. D. an atom.

C. a compound.

An individual with an excellent sense of smell is handed a bottle of perfume. After smelling the perfume, he reports that the perfume contains a predominant smell of roses with a faint touch of vanilla. If the perfume is made from water, rose essence, and a splash of vanilla, it is most likely A. a gas. B. a compound. C. a mixture. D. an element.

C. a mixture.

If an acid is combined with a base of equal strength, the result will most likely be A. a stronger base. B. a stronger acid. C. a neutral solution. D. impossible to tell without testing the pH.

C. a neutral solution.

Another word for "basic" is A. heavy. B. strong. C. alkaline. D. styrene.

C. alkaline.

What defines a mixture? A. created through a chemical reaction B. cannot be broken down into simpler substances C. can be broken down into its basic substances through physical means D. described by a chemical formula

C. can be broken down into its basic substances through physical means

Megan left her bicycle outside on the patio while she went on vacation for several weeks. When she returned, Megan discovered a reddish substance, rust, on the handlebars of her bicycle. The rust is an example of a(n) __________. A. atom B. element C. compound D. mixture

C. compound

Holly has an unknown substance in a beaker. She wants to determine the relative pH of the unknown substance. She places a piece of blue litmus paper into the substance, and the litmus paper stays blue. The substance in the beaker A. does not have a pH. B. is an acid. C. is a base. D. has a neutral pH.

C. is a base

Any _______ has _______ set(s) of physical and chemical properties. A. mixture; two B. mixture; one C. mixture; multiple D. pure substance; multiple

C. mixture; multiple

Select the term that best completes the following statement: H2O, or water, contains one _____________. A. element B. oxygen molecule C. oxygen atom D. hydrogen atom

C. oxygen atom

Which of the following is a property of an acid solution? A. turns red litmus paper blue B. bitter taste C. pH less than 7 D. slippery to the touch

C. pH less than 7

Citric acid has a pH between 1 and 3. It is considered to be a A. weak acid. B. strong base. C. strong acid. D. weak base.

C. strong acid.

Why is it important to use proper safety equipment when handling acids? A. Acids contain hydrogen. B. Acids taste sour. C. Acids feel slippery. D. Acids can burn skin.

D. Acids can burn skin.

Which of the following is a compound? A. Mg B. Sn C. H D. CO

D. CO

Which of the following statements is correct? A. Blue litmus paper stays blue when placed in an acid. B. Blue litmus paper turns red when placed in a base. C. Red litmus paper stays red when placed in a base. D. Red litmus paper turns blue when placed in a base.

D. Red litmus paper turns blue when placed in a base.

Ocean water has a salinity of approximately 35,000 parts per million or 3.5%. What are the solute and solvent in ocean water? A. Water is the solute. Salt is the solvent. B. Ocean plants are the solute. Water is the solvent. C. Salt is the solute. Ocean plants are the solvent. D. Salt is the solute. Water is the solvent.

D. Salt is the solute. Water is the solvent.

Which statement about water as a solvent is true? A. Only solids and liquids can dissolve in water. B. Only solids and gases can dissolve in water. C. Only solids can dissolve in water. D. Some solids, liquids, and gases can dissolve in water.

D. Some solids, liquids, and gases can dissolve in water.

Kelly ran electricity through a sample of water using electrolysis. The water changed into two gases, X and Y. It was not possible to break down the gases X and Y into simpler particles. Which statement is best supported by this evidence? A. Water is an element. B. The gases X and Y are compounds. C. The gas Y is water vapor. D. The gases X and Y are elements.

D. The gases X and Y are elements.

Which of the following is true about a compound and its elements? A. The properties of a compound are the same as the properties of its elements. B. The compound shares identical properties with one element, but all the other elements have different properties. C. The elements all share identical properties, but their properties are different than the compound's properties. D. The properties of a compound are different than the properties of its elements.

D. The properties of a compound are different than the properties of its elements.

Kylie has two glasses with equal volumes of pure water. She adds 40 g of sugar to one of the glasses of water and 40 g of salt to the other. When sugar is dissolved in water, it does not change the number of ions present. When salt is dissolved in water, however, the number of ions significantly increases. Which of the following is true about the electrical conductivity of Kylie's two solutions? A. Pure water will have a higher conductivity than both the sugar water and the salt water. B. The solution of sugar water will have a higher conductivity than the solution of salt water. C. The solution of salt water and the solution of sugar water will have the exact same conductivity. D. The solution of salt water will have a higher conductivity than the solution of sugar water.

D. The solution of salt water will have a higher conductivity than the solution of sugar water.

Which of the following statements is false? A. Two or more atoms combine chemically to form a molecule. B. Two or more elements combine chemically to form a compound. C. Two or more different substances combine physically to form a mixture. D. Two or more different atoms combine chemically to form an element.

D. Two or more different atoms combine chemically to form an element.

Water is a compound that is made out of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Which statement about water is true? A. Water is usually a gas like the elements oxygen and hydrogen. B. Water is flammable like the elements oxygen and hydrogen. C. Water has properties that are a blend of the properties of oxygen and hydrogen. D. Water has a set of properties that are different from oxygen and hydrogen.

D. Water has a set of properties that are different from oxygen and hydrogen.

Soil is best described as _______. A. a pure substance B. a compound C. an element D. a mixture

D. a mixture

Which of the following is a substance or mixture that can dissolve in water? A. vinegar B. carbon dioxide C. sugar D. all of these

D. all of these

Which of the following is true about mixtures and compounds? A. Mixtures and compounds are both made of two or more different substances. B. A compound forms when different substances chemically combine to form a new substance. C. A mixture contains different substances that are not chemically combined with one another. D. all of these

D. all of these

Sharon pours salt into a glass of water. The salt dissolves. The substance in the glass is a(n) __________. A. atom B. element C. compound D. mixture

D. mixture

Milk of magnesia is a slippery, bitter-tasting white substance that is commonly used as a laxative. If the pH of milk of magnesia is between 10 and 11, it can best be described as a A. neutral compound. B. moderate acid. C. strong acid. D. moderate base.

D. moderate base.

The smallest part of a compound that still has the properties of that compound is a(n) A. orbital. B. nucleus. C. mixture. D. molecule.

D. molecule.

Litmus paper can be used to determine the _______ of a substance. A. temperature B. chemical formula C. relative volume D. relative pH

D. relative pH

Human blood has a pH between 7.35 and 7.45. Which of the following best describes human blood? A. strongly basic B. strongly acidic C. slightly acidic D. slightly basic

D. slightly basic

Apple juice is an example of a solution in nature. What is the solvent in apple juice? A. apples B. sugar C. oil D. water

D. water

How many elements are found in the following chemical equation? K + Cl → KCl A. 2 B. 3 C. 0 D. 1

A. 2

Distilled water is about the only completely neutral solution. What is its pH? A. 7 B. 0 C. 1 D. 14

A. 7

If a chemical is spilled on the floor of a lab, what is the safest way to determine if it is an acid? A. use litmus paper B. inhale deeply C. taste a small amount D. determine if it dissolves metal

A. use litmus paper

Why is water sometimes called the universal solvent? A. because water is not good at cleaning things B. because only salts can dissolve in water C. because water is a clear liquid D. because many substances dissolve in water

D. because many substances dissolve in water

Carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) are pure substances. Each is made of only one type of atom, but carbon atoms are different from hydrogen atoms. Carbon and hydrogen chemically combine to form methane (CH4). Based on this information, A. methane is an element and carbon and hydrogen are compounds. B. carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all elements. C. carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all compounds. D. carbon and hydrogen are elements and methane is a compound.

D. carbon and hydrogen are elements and methane is a compound.

Andre adds a spoonful of baking soda to a glass of vinegar. Bubbles begin to appear in the vinegar. The bubbles signal the formation of a(n) __________. A. mixture B. element C. atom D. compound

D. compound

Many acids come from chemical supply companies in specially-coated glass bottles with extra-thick walls. What is the most likely characteristic of an acid that requires a special container? A. dark color B. strong smell C. sour taste D. corrosive nature

D. corrosive nature